Definitions Flashcards
CAPITAL
Capital can take many forms but for the purpose of this section we will refer to capital as money.
PERIPHERY AREAS
These areas are poorer and may experience exploitation, economic leakage and out migration. For the purpose of this section we will consider LEDCs in Africa, Central Asia and parts of Latin America to be the periphery.
CORE AREAS
These are economically important and attract investment, capital and people. For the purpose of this section we will consider MEDCs like the US, Canada, Western Europe and Japan to be the core areas.
LOANS
Money that is borrowed from someone.
AID
To provide support or help. Aid can take many different forms ranging from giving money and loans to providing technology and expertise to providing food and rescue teams.
DEBT REPAYMENT
The paying back of money that you have borrowed.
REMITTANCES
Money sent home to friends and family by migrants living in a different location (often abroad).
REPATRIATION OF PROFITS
TNCs operating in foreign countries will normally send any profits made back to the TNC headquarters. This repatriation of profits is sometimes known as economic leakage.
FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT (FDI)
Investment made by overseas governments, businesses or individuals in foreign enterprises.
Internal migration
Moving to a new home within a state, country, or continent.
External migration
Moving to a new home in a different state, country, or continent.
Emigrant
A person who is leaving a country to live in another.
Immigrant
A person who is entering a country from another to take up new residence.
Net-migration
The difference between the number of immigrants and emigrants in an area. When immigrants exceed emigrants, there is net-migrational gain. When emigrants exceed immigrants, there is net-migrational loss.
Forced migration
A person has to migrate because of circumstances.
Voluntary migration
A person makes the decision to migrate.
Push factors
These are the negative reasons that make people want to leave an area.
Pull factors
These are the positive reasons that attract people to an area.
Refugee
A person who is residing outside the country of their origin due to fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in a particular social group, or political opinion.
Asylum seeker
A refugee who formally applies to reside in the country the arrive in.
Distance-decay
The number of migrants decline as the distance between origin and destination increases. People are more likely to settle in a closer place which they have more knowledge about than in a farther place which they have little understanding of.
