Definitions

Question 1

Innatism

Answer 1

The belief that humans have propositional knowledge already in their minds from at least birth.

Question 2

Empiricism

Answer 2

The belief that all knowledge is given to us through sensory experience, and no knowledge can be given to us through pure reason.

Question 3

Rationalism

Answer 3

The belief that knowledge can be given to us through reason alone, and there is no need for sensory experience in order to establish knowledge.

Question 4

a priori knowledge

Answer 4

Knowledge that can be justified without the need foe experience. For example, we need no empirical evidence that 2 + 2 = 4, and we could be certain of its truth without experience.

Question 5

a posteriori knowledge

Answer 5

Knowledge that requires empirical justification. For example, ‘the sky looks pink at the moment,’ would require verification.
It cannot be known with certainty before an experience.

Question 6

Practical knowledge

Answer 6

The knowledge of how to do something. e.g., a bee knows how to make honey, and a dog knows how to bark.

Question 7

Acquaintance knowledge

Answer 7

Knowledge of something. E.g., I know my mother’s face, because I have seen it before.

Question 8

Propositional knowledge

Answer 8

Knowing that something. E.g., ‘I know that the president of the US is Joe Biden,’

Question 9

the ‘World of the forms,’

Answer 9

The state in which Plato believed all humans had experienced before, a state where all concepts are in their most pure form, of which we only get glimpses of in this lifetime.