Definitions

Question 1

Define the atomic radius (covalent radius)

Answer 1

The atomic radius (covalent radius) of an atom is defined as half the distance between the nuclei of two atoms of the same element that are joined together by a single covalent bond

Question 2

Define/explain the trend of atomic radius down the groups in the periodic table

Answer 2

The values of the atomic radius increase down the groups in the periodic table

Question 3

Define/explain the trend of atomic radius across a period in the periodic table

Answer 3

The values of the atomic radius decrease across a period in the periodic table

Question 4

Define first ionisation energy

Answer 4

The first ionisation energy of an atom is the minimum energy required to completely remove the most loosely bound electron from a neutral gaseous atom in its ground state

Question 5

Define second ionisation energy

Answer 5

It is the energy required to remove an electron from an ion with one positive charge in the gaseous state, i.e. the energy required to carry out the following:
X^+(g) —> X^2(g) + e^-

Question 6

Define/explain the trend of the first ionisation energy down a group in the periodic table

Answer 6

The values of the first ionisation energy decrease down a group in the periodic table

Question 7

Define/explain the trend of the first ionisation energy across a period in the periodic table

Answer 7

The values of the first ionisation energy increase across a period in the periodic table

Question 8

Define/explain the trend of electronegativity across a period in the periodic table

Answer 8

The values of electronegativity increase across the periods in the periodic table