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Physics definitions > Definitions > Flashcards

Definitions Flashcards

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Physics 101 flashcards AP® Physics flashcards
1
Q

define force

A

the rate of change of momentum

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2
Q

define gravitational potential energy

A

energy possessed by a body in a gravitational field

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3
Q

define kinetic energy

A

energy posessed by a body in motion

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4
Q

define stress

A

the force applied per unit cross-secctional area of the wire

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5
Q

define acceleration

A

the rate of change of veloctiy

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6
Q

define strain

A

the fractional increase in the original legth of the wire

strain = l/x

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7
Q

define elastic potential energy

A

the energy stored in a stretched or compressed material

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8
Q

state newtons first law

A

a body will remain at rest or in motion at a constant speed unless an external force acts on it

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9
Q

state newtons second law

A

the resultant force is equal to the rate of change of momentum

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10
Q

state newtons third law

A

if body A exerts a force on body B body B will exert an equal but opposite force on body A

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11
Q

define displacement of a wave

A

its the distance of a point on the wave from its equilibrium position

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12
Q

define amplitude

A

is is the maximum displacement from equilibrium

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13
Q

define wavelength

A

the distance travelled by a wave in one complete oscillation

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14
Q

define period

A

time taken to complete one oscillation

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15
Q

define frequency

A

the number of oscillations per unit time

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16
Q

define phase difference

A

the amount by which one oscillation leads or lags behind another measured in degrees or radians

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17
Q

define intensity of a wave

A

energy transfered per unti are at right angles to the wave velocity

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18
Q

define current

A

rate of flow of charge

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19
Q

defeine p.d

A

energy transfered per unit flow of charge flowing from one point to another

20
Q

define emf

A

energy provided by the cell or battery per coulumb of charge passing through it

21
Q

define emf

A

work done by source driving a unit charge around a complete circuit

22
Q

state the principle of conservation of momentum

A

within a closed, the total momentum in any direction is constant

23
Q

state kirchnoff’s first law

A

current into a junction is equal to current out of the junction

24
Q

state kirchnoff’s second law

A

the sum of electromotive forces in a closed circuit is equal to the sum of potential difference

25
Q

state hooke’s law

A

f=kx

26
Q

define displacement

A

distance in a specified direction

27
Q

define displacement

A

distance in a specified direction

28
Q

define velocity

A

the rate of change of displacement

29
Q

define work done

A

the product of the force and the distance moved in the direction of the force

30
Q

define pressure

A

the normal force acting per unti cross sectional area

31
Q

define volume

A

the mass per unit volume of a substance

32
Q

define young modulus

A

ratio of stress to strain of a material

33
Q

state ohms law

A

for a conductor at a constant temperature, the current through it is proportional to potential difference across it

34
Q

define a progressive wave

A

a wave that has a net transfer of energy

35
Q

define a transverse wave

A

the oscillations are perpendicular to the direction of travel

36
Q

define a longitudinal wave

A

the oscillations are parallel to the directions of travel

37
Q

state the principle of moments

A

for a system in equilibrium the sum of the antclokwise moments in equal to the sum of clockwise moments

38
Q

state what is meant by coherent

A

constant phase difference

39
Q

state what is meant by monochromatic

A

single wavelengths

40
Q

state current in series and in parallel components

A

current is the same for components in series but is shared between components in parallel

41
Q

state voltage in series and in paralell components

A

voltage is shared between components in series and is the same for components in parallel

42
Q

high frequency=
low frequency=

A

short wavelength
long wavelength

43
Q

state the conditions for a stationary wave

A

waves need to:
1. have the same frequency and amplitude
2. be in opposite directions

44
Q

state archimedes principle

A

a bouyant force acts on a body at rest in a fluid upwards and it is equal to the weight displaed by the body in the fluid

45
Q

coplanar forces…

A

sum of F1 and F2 is equal to the frictional force

46
Q

what happens in an elastic collision

A

it is a non-stick collision
kinetic energy is conserved

47
Q

what happenes in an inelastic collision

A

it is a stick collision
kinetic energy is not conserved

Physics definitions (1 decks)

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