Definitions Flashcards
GROUPTHINK
Filtering undesirable or contentious content to consensus, especially if that agrees with leader
HEURISTICS
Cognitive shortcuts, save time but poor at processing new information and is prone to error
HEIRACHY OF NEEDS
Maslow’s ranking of basic needs, where lower order needs tend to drive motivation before higher order ones
IN-GROUP BIAS
Consideration of your own group as better than other groups
IN-GROUPS
A group you identify with
IQ
Standardised intelligence index
Intelligence Quotient
INTELLIGENCE
Ability to apply experience going beyond environmental information
INTER GROUP CONFLICT
Elevated competition and aggression as a result of group vs group situation, especially resources and respect and esteem
SYSTEMS THINKING
A holistic approach to analysis that focuses on the way that a systems’ constituent parts interrelate, how systems work over time and within the context of larger systems, and the wider consequences of change
MOTIVATION
Process of starting or maintaining targeted behaviour towards a particular goal or activity
NEED FOR ACHIEVMENT
Basic need for humans to achieve
NORMATIVE INFLUENCE
Influence of a group leading to conformity to be liked or respected
NORMS
Averages based from large groups that enable individual comparisons
ORGANISATIONAL JUSTICE THEORY
Perceptions of fairness in the workplace
OUT GROUPS
Groups that one doesn’t identify with
PERSONALITY
Psychological qualities that influence behaviour across situations and time
PREJUDICE
Learned attitude towards something, resulting in negative act or belief
PSYCHOLOGICAL CONTRACT
The sometimes unwritten/unspoken expectations of an agreement or contract
CORRELATION
An association between two sets of data (not necessarily a casual relationship)
SCHEMAS
Conceptual frameworks that contain information enabling us to make sense of the world
SELF ACTUALISATION
Desire to fulfil potential
SELF AWARENESS
Top level of consciousness, recognise self as an individual
SELF CONCEPT
Ones own idea of abilities and attributes
SELF EFFICACY
Ones own ideas of performance in given situations
SELF ESTEEM
Confidence in ones own worth and abilities
SELF FULFILLING PROPHECY
A belief that exists and influences behaviour to confirm the realisation of that belief
GAMEIFICATION
The application of typical elements of game playing to other activities- selection, intelligence tests
SOCIAL CATEGORISATION
Organised categories in the social environment
SOCIAL LEARNING THEORY
Where behaviour is learned from observation of the environment
SOCIAL ROLE
Socially defined set of behaviours for someone in a particular role
SOCIAL SUPPORT
Resource support for someone to help cope with some kind of stress
SOCIALISATION
External social shaping of personal skills, behaviours, attitudes into what is acceptable or desirable to society
STEREOTYPES
Generalisations about groups of people
STEREOTYPE THREAT
The threat of confirming a negative stereotype
STIGMA
Negative reaction of people towards a person possessing a quality they see as inferior or undesirable
STRESS
Effect of a loading on a person, associated with approaching capacity
STRESSOR
Something that causes stress
TEND AND BEFRIEND RESPONSE
Response to a stressor to joining a group to reduce vulnerability
TOP DOWN PROCESSING
Perception heavily influenced by experience and prior knowledge
PERSONALITY TRAITS
Typically stable qualities that influence behaviour
TYPE A BEHAVIOUR PATTERN
Typically aggressive, impatient, competitive
TYPE B BEHAVIOUR PATTERN
Typrically relaxed, patient, easy going
