Definition then Word Flashcards
24-hour ECG tracing taken with a small, portable recording system.
Holter monitor test
Noninvasive ultrasound diagnostic test used to visualize internal cardiac structures.
Echocardiography
Radiological examination of the blood vessels of and around the heart.
Coronary angiography
Agents used to treat angina
Nitrates
Drugs that have powerful lipid-lowering properties.
Statins
Management of edema associated with heart failure and hypertension
Diuretics
Include Troponin T, Troponin I, and CK (creatinine kinase).
Cardiac enzyme studies
Injection and detection of radioactive isotopes to create images and identify function and disease
Scintigraphy
ECG taken under controlled exercise stress conditions
Stress test
Tying of a varicose vein and subsequent removal
Ligation and stripping
Surgical separation of the leaflets of the mitral valve.
Commissurotomy
Removal of a small segment of an artery for diagnostic purposes
Arterial biopsy
Destruction of conductive tissue of the heart to interrupt abnormal contractions
Catheter ablation
Technique used to block blood flow to a site by injecting an occluding agent
Embolization
Procedure that alters a vessel through surgery or dilation
Angioplasty
Dilation of an occluded vessel using a balloon catheter
PTCA (Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty)
Surgery that creates a bypass around a blocked segment of a coronary artery
CABG (Coronary artery bypass graft)
Removal of occluding material using a cutting or grinding device
Atherectomy
Incision or puncture of a vein to remove blood or introduce fluids
Venipuncture
Destruction of a blood clot
Thrombolysis
Chest pain
Angina
Profuse sweating
Diaphoresis
Inability of a valve to close completely
Incompetent
Varicose veins of the esophagus
Varices
Small masses of inflammatory material found on the leaflets of valves
Vegetations
Graphic line recording that shows the spread of electrical excitation to different parts of the heart using small metal electrodes applied to the chest, arms, and legs.
Electrocardiogram (ECG, EKG)
Passage of a catheter into the heart through a vein or artery to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the heart.
Cardiac Catheterization (CC)
Blood clot that obstructs a vessel.
Thrombus
Slender or threadlike device used to hold open vessels, tubes, or obstructed arteries.
Stent
Congenital anomaly consisting of four elements: pulmonary artery stenosis, interventricular septal defect, transposition of the aorta, and right ventricular hypertrophy.
Tetralogy of Fallot
Circulation of blood through tissues or the passage of fluids through vessels of an organ.
Perfusion
Failure of the ductus arteriosus to close after birth, allowing blood to flow from the aorta into the pulmonary artery.
Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA)
Sensation that the heart is not beating normally, possibly including “thumping,” “fluttering,” “skipped beats,” “or a pounding feeling in the chest.
Palpitation
Chemical radioactive material used as a tracer to follow a substance through the body or a structure.
Radioisotope
Common and occasionally serious condition in which the leaflets of the mitral valve prolapse into the left atrium during systole causing a characteristic murmur heard on auscultation.
Mitral valve prolapse (MVP)
Local and temporary deficiency of blood supply due to circulatory obstruction.
Ischemia
Area of tissue that undergoes necrosis following cessation of blood supply.
Infarct
Implantable battery-powered device that monitors and automatically corrects ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation by sending electrical impulses to the heart.
Implantable cardioverterdefibrillator (ICD)
Any heart disorder caused by prolonged hypertension, including left ventricular hypertrophy, coronary artery disease, cardiac arrhythmias, and heart failure.
Hypertensive heart disease
Common disorder characterized by elevated blood pressure persistently exceeding 140 mm Hg systolic and 90 mm Hg diastolic.
Hypertension (HTN)
HTN in which there is no identifiable cause; also called essential hypertension.
Primary hypertension
HTN that results from an underlying, identifiable, commonly correctable cause.
Secondary hypertension
Excessive amounts of lips (cholesterol, phospholipids, and triglycerides) in the blood.
Hyperlipidemia
Arrest of bleeding or circulation
Hemostasis
Quivering or spontaneous muscle contractions, especially of the heart, causing ineffectual contractions.
Fibrillation
Mass of undissolved matter (foreign object, air, gas, tissue, thrombus) circulating in blood or lymphatic channels until it becomes lodged in a vessel.
Embolus
Failure of the heart to supply an adequate amount of blood to tissues and organs.
Heart Failure (HF)
Localized abnormal dilation of a vessel, usually an artery
Aneurysm
Condition of being stopped or bringing to a stop
Arrest
Loss of effective cardiac function, which results in cessation of circulation
Cardiac arrest
Cessation of the circulation of blood due to ventricular standstill or fibrillation
Circulatory arrest
Inability of the heart to maintain a normal sinus rhythm, possibly including a rapid or slow beat or “skipping” a beat; also called dysrhythmia.
Arrhythmia
Soft blowing sound heard on auscultation, possibly due to vibrations associated with the movement of blood, valvular action, or both; also called a murmur.
Bruit
Any disease or weakening of the heart muscle that diminishes cardiac function.
Cardiomyopathy
Thin, flexible, hollow plastic tube that is small enough to be threaded through a vein, artery, or tubular structure.
Catheter
Narrowing of a vessel, especially the aorta
Coarctation
Blood clot that forms in the deep veins of the body, especially those in the legs or thighs.
Deep vein thrombosis (DVT)
Calculation of how much blood a ventricle can eject with one contraction
Ejection fraction (EF)
