Definition, Terms And Laws Physic Flashcards
Kepler’s third law
The square of the orbital period of any planet is directly propotional to the cube of the radius of each orbit( law of period)
Orbital radius
Average value of the distance between the planet and the sun
Escape velocity, v
Minimum velocity need by an object on the surface of the earth to overcome the gravitational force and escape to outer space
Temperature, T
Measure of the degree of hotness of an object
Heat,Q
The amount of thermal energy that can be transfer from one object to another
Thermal equilibrium
A condition where net heat transfer between two object become zero
Heat capacity ,C
Quantity of heat needed to raise temperature of the object by 1°C
Specific heat capacity
Quantity of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1 kg mass of the substance by 1°C
Latent heat
Heat that is absorbed during melting and boiling without changed in temperature
Specific latent heat,l
The quantity of heat that is absorbed or released during a change of phase of 1kg of the substance without any change in its temperature
Specific latent heat of fusion,
The quantity of heat that is absorbed during melting or the quantity of heat released during freezing of one kilogram of the substance without any changed in temperature.
Specific latent heat of vaporization
The quantity of heat that is absorbed during boiling or the quantity of release during condensation of one kilogram of the substance without any change in temperature
Boyle’s law
Pressure is inversely proportional to volume for a fixed mass of gas at constant temperature
Charles’ Law
Volume is directly proportional to absolute temperature for a fixed mass of gas at constant pressure
Gay-Lussac’s Law
Pressure is directly proportional to absolute temperature of a fix mass of gas at constant volume
Oscillation vibration
Repetitive motion about an equilibrium position in the closed path
Amplitude
Maximum displacement from its equilibrium position
Transverse wave
A wave Which the vibration of particle in the medium is perpendicular to the direction of propagation of the wave
Longitudinal wave
A wave which the vibration of particle in the medium is parallel to the direction of the wave
Period
The time taken by a particles to make one complete oscillation or by a source to produce one complete cycle of wave
Frequency
Nombor of complete oscillation made by a particle or number of cycle of wave produced by a source in one second
Wavelength
Distance between two consecutive point in phase
Wave spéed
Distance traveled per second by a wave profile
External damping
Oscillating system loses energy to overcome friction or air resistance
Internal damping
Oscillating system uses energy because of the stretching and compression of the vibrating particles in the system
Damping
Reduction in amplitude in oscillating system due to loss of energy
Resonance
When a periodic force is applied to an oscillating system natural frequency
Wavefront
Lines joining all the point of the same phase
Refraction of waves
The change in direction of propagation of wave cause by the change in the velocity of wave when the wave propagate from one medium to another
Diffraction of wave
The spreading of wave when the wave passed through Gap or round a barrier
Interference of wave
The super position of two or more wave from a coherent source of wave
Constructive interference
A cure when two Crest or trough in superposition to produce maximum amplitude
Constructive interference
Occur when two Crest or trough in superposition to produce maximum amplitude
Destructive interference
Occur when a Crest and a trough in superposition to produce zero combined amplitude
Electromagnetic spectrum
Seven types of electromagnetic wave that forms a continuous spectrum
Electromagnetic wave
Produce electric and magnetic field vibrate at right angle to each other
Refraction of light
A phenomenon when light change direction when it travels from one medium to another medium of different densities
refractive index
The ratio OD speed of light in vacuum to the speed of light in medium
Snell’s law
When the light travels from one medium to another medium in the incident Ray ,the refracted ray and the normal meet at one point and are in the same plane
Total internal reflection
When light travel from a medium with high optical density to a medium of low optical density
formation of rainbow
Cause s by refraction ,dispersion and total internal reflection when light passes through water droplet in air
Critical angle
Incident angle when refracted angle equal to 90 degree
Optical center
Point at the center of the lens
Principle axis
Straight line through the optical center of a lens and the centre of curvature of both surface of the lens
Axis of lens
Straight line through the optical center and a perpendicular to the principle axis
Focal point
Point located at the principle axis of lens
Objek distance
Distance between object and optical center of a lens
Image distance
Distance between image and optical center of a lens
Focal length
Distance between focal point and optical center of lens
Lee Miu magnification
Ratio of image to heights to object height are equal to ratio of image distance to object distance
Principle axis
Straight line passing through the centre of curvature and pole of the spherical mirror
Centre of curvature
Centre of sphere which produce a concave or convex mirror
Centre of curvature
Centre of sphere which produce a concave or convex mirror
Radius of curvature of mirror
Distance between the pole of spherical mirror and the center of curvature
Focal point
A point on this principal axis of the spherical mirror
Focal point
A point on this principal axis of the spherical mirror
Object distance
Distance between object and the pole of spherical mirror
Image distance
Distance between image and the pole of spherical mirror
Focal length
Focal length distance between focal point and the pole of spherical mirror
