Definition of Terms (Flow Unit) Flashcards
Cohesion Def
Ability of a liquid to stick to itself/resist tensile stress -> Common result of cohesive forces: surface tension)
Viscosity Def
Measurement of a fluid’s deformation resistance -> Oil is higher than water
Adhesion Def
Ability of a liquid to stick to solid surfaces
Surface Tension Def
Result of cohesive forces on the surface of a liquid
Capillary Action Def
Capillary Action due to both cohesive and adhesive (E.g. meniscus in manometer)
Processes where flow is measured:
- Gas flow
- Oil flow
- steam flow
- solids flow (e.g. sand, cement)
- water flow
- chemical flow
- suspended solids flow (e.g. slurries)
Liquid units of measurement:
Gal/min, Liters/min, m^3/min, cm^3/min
Gas units of measurement:
s.c.f.m., m^3/min
Steam units of measurement:
Ibs/hr, kg/hr
Oil units of measurement:
Barrels/hr, Liters/hr
Solids units of measurement:
Tons/hr
Vapour Pressure Def
Boiling point of liquid at given temperature/pressure when liquid will vaporize at a constant temperature
Cavitation Def
- Changing of state
- Liquid -> gas -> liquid
- Caused by change in pressure
Laminar Flow Def
Smooth flow
Slow velocity
no turbulence
Turbulent Flow Def
Mixing of fluid due to velocity, restrictions, or bends in pipe
Bermoulli’s Principle Def
Increase in speed occurs at point of decrease in pressure of a fluid
Head Meter Def
Flow meter -> operation depends on change of pressure head
Positive Displacement Meter Def
Traps and measures volume of of fluid to get flow rate
Mass Flow Meter
Measures mass of fluid or gas passing through pipe
