Definition of terms

Question 1

the science of collecting, organizing, analyzing, and interpreting data

Answer 1

Statistics

Question 2

a branch of statistics that consists of the collection, organization, summarization, and presentation of data

Answer 2

Descriptive Statistics

Question 3

a branch of statistics that consists of generalizing from samples to populations, performing hypothesis testing, determining relationships among variables, and making predictions

Answer 3

Inferential Statistics

Question 4

the totality of all subjects possessing certain common characteristics that are being studied

Answer 4

Population

Question 5

it refers to a group of subjects selected from a population

Answer 5

Sample

Question 6

a characteristic or measure obtained by using all the data values for a specific population

Answer 6

Parameter

Question 7

is the thing that we measure, control, or manipulate in research. It is a characteristic or attribute that can assume different values. Letters such as X, Y, or Z, are used to represent variables

Answer 7

Variable

Question 8

is a variable whose values are determined by chance

Answer 8

Random Variable

Question 9

express a categorical attribute, such as sex (male or female), religion, marital status, region of residence, highest educational attainment.

Answer 9

Qualitative variables

Question 10

(otherwise called numerical) data, whose sizes are meaningful, answer questions such as “how much” or “how many”

Answer 10

Quantitative variables

Question 11

have values that can be counted

Answer 11

Discrete variables

Question 12

are variables that can assume all values between any two given values

Answer 12

Continuous variables

Question 13

the chance that an event will occur

Answer 13

Probability

Question 14

entire set of possible outcomes

Answer 14

Sample space

Question 15

(average) of a data set is found by adding all numbers in the data set and then dividing by the number of values in the set

Answer 15

mean

Question 16

the expectation of the squared deviation of a random variable from its mean

Answer 16

variance

Question 17

also known as the expected value, is the summation or integration of a possible values from a random variable

Answer 17

expectation

Question 18

If an operation can be performed in n1 ways, and if for each of these a second
operation can be performed in n2 ways, then the two operations can be performed
together in n1 * n2 ways.

Answer 18

Multiplication Rule

Question 19

If an operation can be performed in n1 ways, if for each of these a second
operation can be performed in n2 ways, if for each of the first two a third operation
can be performed in n3 ways, and so on, then the sequence of k operations can
be performed in n1, n2,..nk ways

Answer 19

Generalized Multiplication Rule

Question 20

Each possible outcome in an experiment

Answer 20

Sample Point

Question 21

Any process which can be repeated under controlled conditions
whose result cannot be predicted with certainty, but whose possible outcomes
can be clearly defined

Answer 21

Experiment

Question 22

Result of an experiment

Answer 22

Outcome

Question 23

Consists of one or more outcomes of a probability experiment.

Answer 23

Event