Definition of Terms

Question 1

generic term applied to any nozzle, wye, siamese, deluge monitor, or any other piece of hardware used in conjunction with fire hose for the purpose of delivering water.

Answer 1

Appliance

Question 2

any pumping apparatus that is supplying water directly to attack lines.

Answer 2

Attack pumper

Question 3

pumps used on all modern fire apparatus. This type of pump takes advantage of incoming pressure. Water enters the eye of the pump then travels through one or more impellers.

Answer 3

Centrifugal pumps

Question 4

the quantity of water issuing from an opening expressed in gpm.

Answer 4

Discharge

Question 5

actual velocity pressure of the water (measured in psi) for an individual hose line.

Answer 5

Discharge pressure

Question 6

the rate at which water travels from an orifice and can be measured using a pitot gauge.

Answer 6

Discharge velocity

Question 7

gain or loss of pressure in a hose line or system due to a change in elevation.

Answer 7

Elevation pressure

Question 8

pressure created by the velocity of water coming from a discharge opening.

Answer 8

Flow pressure

Question 9

the loss of pressure created by the turbulence of water moving against the interior walls, couplings, and connections of the hose or pipe

Answer 9

Friction loss

Question 10

line run directly from a hydrant to an attack pumper.

Answer 10

Gutter line

Question 11

water pressure due to elevation. For each foot of elevation above the pump the pressure increases by 0.434 psi.

Answer 11

Head pressure

Question 12

master stream nozzle mounted to the fly of an aerial ladder.

Answer 12

Ladder pipe

Question 13

any variety of heavy caliber water streams delivering 350 gallons or more.

Answer 13

Master stream

Question 14

the pressure found in a water distribution system during normal consumption demands, at any moment in time.

Answer 14

Normal operating pressure

Question 15

the velocity pressure at which water is discharged from the nozzle.

Answer 15

Nozzle pressure

Question 16

counterforce directed against a person or a device holding a nozzle by the velocity of water being discharged.

Answer 16

Nozzle reaction

Question 17

small positive displacement pump used to evacuate air from a centrifugal pump housing allowing the pump to receive water.

Answer 17

Primer pumps-

Question 18

actual velocity pressure of the water (measured in psi) as it leaves the pump.

Answer 18

Pumper discharge pressure

Question 19

a pumper that is between the source pumper and attack pumper. This pumper receives water from the direction of the source pumper and boosts pressure towards the attack pumper.

Answer 19

Relay pumper

Question 20

pressure remaining in a water system when water is flowing.

Answer 20

Residual pressure

Question 21

an appliance that combines two or more hose lines into one.

Answer 21

Siamese

Question 22

the pressure exerted by water at rest in a confined vessel available to force the water through pipe, fittings, fire hose, and adapters.

Answer 22

Static pressure

Question 23

the pumper connected to the water supply at the beginning of a relay operation.

Answer 23

Supply pumper or source pumper

Question 24

the total amount of pressure loss in a hose assembly due to friction loss in the hose and appliances, elevations pressure, or any other factors.

Answer 24

Total pressure loss

Question 25

the speed at which water passes a given point.

Answer 25

Velocity

Question 26

the force created by the rapid deceleration of water. Generally occurs from opening or closing a valve too quickly. Damage to pumps, plumbing, and hose lines may occur.

Answer 26

Water hammer

Question 27

an appliance that breaks one hose line into two or more hose lines with one female and two or more male outlets, usually gated.

Answer 27

Wye