Definition of Terms Flashcards
Force per unit area
Simple Stress
It is a stress caused by forces acting along or parallel to the areas resisting the force.
Shearing Stress or Tangential Stress
It is a stress caused by forces acting perpendicular to the areas resisting the force. Example of this are tensile and compressive stress.
Bearing Stress
The stress state leading to expansion; that is, the length of a material tends to increase in the that direction.
Tensile Stress
Stress on materials that leads to a smaller volume.
Compressive Stress
Ratio of deformation or elongation to the original length
Simple Strain
It states that within the elastic limit from point O to the proportional limit, the stress is proportional to strain.
Hooke’s Law
Refers to the stress beyond which the material will not return to its original shape when the load is removed. The permanent deformation caused by excessive stress is called Permanent Set.
Elastic Limit
Refers to the point where there is an appreciable elongation or yielding of the material even without any corresponding increase in load.
Yield point
Refers to the highest ordinate in the stress-strain diagram
Ultimate stress or Ultimate Strength
Sometimes known as the stress at failure.
Rapture Strength
The maximum safe stress which the material can carry.
Allowable Stress
Ratio of ultimate stress to allowable stress
Factor of Safety
Angular change between the perpendicular faces of the differential element
Shearing Strain
Refers to the modulus of elasticity in Shear
Modulus of rigidity (G)
Stress on the material caused by the internal forces due to change in temperature.
Thermal stress
Refers to twisting of solid or hollow circular shafts
Torsion
“The state of rest or motion of a rigid body is unaltered if a force acting on a body is replaced by another force of same magnitude and direction, but acting anywhere on the body along the line of action of replaced force.”
A. Principle of Transmissibility
B. Varignon’s Theorem
C. D’Alembert’s Principle
A. Principle of Transmissibility
This states that the moment of a resultant of two concurrent forces about any point is equal to the algebraic sum of the moments of its components about the same point.
A. Principle of Transmissibility
B. Varignon’s Theorem
C. D’Alembert’s Principle
B. Varignon’s Theorem
Alternative form of Newton’s second law of motion. In effect, the principle reduces a problem in dynamics to a problem in statics. In this form, the force F plus the negative of the mass m times acceleration a of the body is equal to zero: F - ma = 0.
A. Principle of Transmissibility
B. Varignon’s Theorem
C. D’Alembert’s Principle
C. D’Alembert’s Principle
Graph of catenary, a perfectly flexible uniform cable hanging between two supports.
y=coshx
The angle to which an inclined plane may be raised before an object resting on it will move under the action of the force of gravity and the reaction of the plane is
a. angle of elevation
b. angle of inclination
c. angle of repose
d. angle of depression
c. angle of repose
The study of motion without reference to the forces which causes the motion
a. kinetics
b. dynamics
c. kinematics
d. statics
c. kinematics
The study of projectiles and the extent to which the trajectories are affected by shape, gravity, wind, temp etc,
a. Projectiology
b. Ballistics
c. Aeronautics
d. Streamlining
b. Ballistics
