DEFINITION OF TERMS Flashcards
the science that deals with the study of living organism that depends on another organism for the purpose of procuring food and securing protection
PARASITOLOGY
organisms that obrain its food and shelter from another organism and derive all benefits from the association
PARASITE
organism that provides PHYSICAL PROTECTION and NOURISHMENT to the parasite
HOST
literally means “LIVING TOGETHER”; may also involve protection or other advantages to one or both partners
SYMBIOSIS
from the Latin for “EATING ON THE SAME TABLE”; denotes an association that is BENEFICIAL TO ONE PARTNER and at least NOT ADVANTAGEOUS TO THE OTHER
COMMENSALISM
a type of commensalism where the association are both BENEFICIAL TO BOTH ORGANISMS
MUTUALISM
a symbiotic relationship in which one animal, THE HOST, IS TO SOME DEGREE INJURED through the activities of the other animal, the parasite
PARASITISM
organism that cannot survive in any other manner
OBLIGATE PARASITE
organism that can EXIST IN A FREE-LIVING STATE OR AS A COMMENSAL and that, if opportunity does not present itself, may become parasitic
FACULTATIVE PARASITE
obligatory parasite at one or more stages of their life cycle but free living at others
TEMPORARY PARASITE
establish itself to a host where it does not ordinarily live
ACCIDENTAL / INCIDENTAL PARASITE
remains in or on the body of the host for its entire life
PERMANENT PARASITE
free-living organism that PASSES THROUGH THE DIGESTIVE TRACT without infecting the host
SPURIOUS / COPROZOIC PARASITE
“COPRO” - tae 💩
lives INSIDE THE BODY OF THE HOST
ENDOPARASITE
lives OUTSIDE THE BODY OF THE HOST
ECTOPARASITE
the presence of an ENDOPARASITE is called
INFECTION
the presence of an ECTOPARASITE is called
INFESTATION
when a parasite is FOUND IN AN ORGAN WHICH IS NOT ITS USUAL HABITAT
ERRATIC
parasite with both MALE and FEMALE sex organs
MONOECIOUS / HERMAPHRODITIC
parasite with SEPARATE SEXES
DIOECIOUS
According to number of host utilized:
ONE HOST (Definitive/Final)
MONOXENOUS
According to number of host utilized:
TWO OR MORE HOSTS
HETEROXENOUS
harbors the ADULT or SEXUAL STAGE of the parasite
DEFINITIVE / FINAL HOST
SD = sexual, definitive
harbors the ASEXUAL or LARVAL stage of the parasite
INTERMEDIATE HOST
AI = asexual, intermediate
harbors the EARLY LARVAL STAGE of the parasite
FIRST INTERMEDIATE HOST
harbors the INFECTIVE LARVAL STAGE of the parasite
SECOND INTERMEDIATE HOST
allow the parasite’s life cycle to continue and become ADDITIONAL SOURCE OF INFECTION TO OTHER SUSCEPTIBLE HOSTS
RESERVOIR
the one in which the PARASITE DOES NOT DEVELOP FURTHER TO LATER STAGES; however, the parasite remains alive and is able to infect another susceptible host
PARATENIC
NATURALLY INFECTED with certain species of the parasites
NATURAL HOST
host in which the PARASITE IS NOT USUALLY FOUND
ACCIDENTAL HOST
transmit the parasite AFTER IT HAS COMPLETED ITS DEVELOPMENT WITHIN THE HOST, thus it is an essential part of the parasite’s cycle
BIOLOGICAL VECTOR
it ONLY TRANSPORTS THE PARASITE
MECHANICAL / PHORETIC VECTOR
the process of inoculating an infective agent
EXPOSURE
the time between EXPOSURE TO THE PARASITE and THE APPEARANCE OF EARLY SIGNS and SYMPTOMS
CLINICAL INCUBATION PERIOD
the interval between the DEVELOPMENT OF THE PARASITE IN THE HOST and DEMONSTRATION OF PARASITE IN THE SPX
BIOLOGICAL INCUBATION PERIOD
infected individual becomes his own source of infection
AUTOINFECTION
the already infected individual is FURTHER INFECTED WITH THE SAME SPECIES leading to massive infection of the parasite
SUPERINFECTION / HYPERINFECTION
