Definition Of Terms Flashcards
Is any substance that has mass and takes up space by having volume
Matter
Are compact and have a definite shape and volume examples: bones and teeth
Solids
Have definite volume and assume the shape of their container
Liquids
Have neither a definite shape or volume
Gas
Building blocks of all forms of living in non-living matter
Chemical elements
One or two letters of the elements name in English Latin or another language
Chemical symbol
The smallest unit of matter that retain the properties and characteristic of the element
Atom
Are the basic composition of an atom
Subatomic particles
A subatomic particles that is positively charged
Protons
Uncharged or neutral subatomic particles
Neutrons
A subatomic particle that is negatively charged
Electron
Is an atom that has a positive or negative charge because it has equal numbers of protons and electrons
Ion
Is the process of giving up or gaining electrons
Ionization
Is the resulting combination of two or more atoms that share electrons
Molecule
Indicates the elements in the numbers of atoms of each element that make up a molecule
Molecular formula
It’s a substance that contains atoms of two or more different
Compound
Is an atom or group of atoms with an unpaired electron on the outermost shell
Free radical
Are the forces that hold together the atoms of a molecule or a compound
Chemical bonds
Is the force of attraction that holds together ions with the opposite charges
Ionic bond
Positively charged ion
Cation
Negatively charged ions
Anion
An ionic compound that breaks apart into positive and negative ions in solution.
Electrolytes
Two or more atoms share electrons rather than gaining or losing them
Covalent bond
Forms when a hydrogen atom with a partial positive charge attracts the partial negative charge of neighboring electron negative atoms
Hydrogen
Occurs when new bonds form or old buns break between atoms
Chemical reaction
Refers to all the chemical reactions occurring in the body
Metabolism
Is the capacity to do work
Energy
Energy stored by matter due to its position
Potential energy
The energy associated with matter in motion
Kinetic energy
It’s a form of potential energy that is stored in the bonds of compounds and molecules
Chemical energy
Is the collision energy needed to break the chemical bonds of the reactant molecules or reaction can start
Activation energy
Our chemical compounds that speed up chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy needed for a reaction to occur
Catalyst
The process of combination of two or more atoms ions or molecules to form new and larger molecules
Synthesis reaction
Collectively refers to all of the synthesis reaction that occur in your body
Anabolism
Splits up large molecules into smaller atoms ions or molecules
Decomposition reaction
Collectively refers to the decomposition reactions that occur in your body
Catabolism
Consists of both synthesis and decomposition reactions
Exchange reactions
The products can revert to the original reactants
Reversible reaction
Refers to the loss of electrons; in the process to oxidized substance releases energy
Oxidation
Refers to the gain of electrons; in the process that reduced substance gains energy
Reduction
It’s always parallel; when a substance is oxidized, another is reduced at the same time
Oxidation-reduction reaction
