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Biochem > Definition Of Terms > Flashcards

Definition Of Terms Flashcards

1
Q

Is any substance that has mass and takes up space by having volume

A

Matter

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2
Q

Are compact and have a definite shape and volume examples: bones and teeth

A

Solids

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3
Q

Have definite volume and assume the shape of their container

A

Liquids

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4
Q

Have neither a definite shape or volume

A

Gas

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5
Q

Building blocks of all forms of living in non-living matter

A

Chemical elements

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6
Q

One or two letters of the elements name in English Latin or another language

A

Chemical symbol

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7
Q

The smallest unit of matter that retain the properties and characteristic of the element

A

Atom

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8
Q

Are the basic composition of an atom

A

Subatomic particles

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9
Q

A subatomic particles that is positively charged

A

Protons

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10
Q

Uncharged or neutral subatomic particles

A

Neutrons

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11
Q

A subatomic particle that is negatively charged

A

Electron

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12
Q

Is an atom that has a positive or negative charge because it has equal numbers of protons and electrons

A

Ion

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13
Q

Is the process of giving up or gaining electrons

A

Ionization

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14
Q

Is the resulting combination of two or more atoms that share electrons

A

Molecule

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15
Q

Indicates the elements in the numbers of atoms of each element that make up a molecule

A

Molecular formula

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16
Q

It’s a substance that contains atoms of two or more different

A

Compound

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17
Q

Is an atom or group of atoms with an unpaired electron on the outermost shell

A

Free radical

18
Q

Are the forces that hold together the atoms of a molecule or a compound

A

Chemical bonds

19
Q

Is the force of attraction that holds together ions with the opposite charges

A

Ionic bond

20
Q

Positively charged ion

A

Cation

21
Q

Negatively charged ions

A

Anion

22
Q

An ionic compound that breaks apart into positive and negative ions in solution.

A

Electrolytes

23
Q

Two or more atoms share electrons rather than gaining or losing them

A

Covalent bond

24
Q

Forms when a hydrogen atom with a partial positive charge attracts the partial negative charge of neighboring electron negative atoms

A

Hydrogen

25
Q

Occurs when new bonds form or old buns break between atoms

A

Chemical reaction

26
Q

Refers to all the chemical reactions occurring in the body

A

Metabolism

27
Q

Is the capacity to do work

A

Energy

28
Q

Energy stored by matter due to its position

A

Potential energy

29
Q

The energy associated with matter in motion

A

Kinetic energy

30
Q

It’s a form of potential energy that is stored in the bonds of compounds and molecules

A

Chemical energy

31
Q

Is the collision energy needed to break the chemical bonds of the reactant molecules or reaction can start

A

Activation energy

32
Q

Our chemical compounds that speed up chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy needed for a reaction to occur

A

Catalyst

33
Q

The process of combination of two or more atoms ions or molecules to form new and larger molecules

A

Synthesis reaction

34
Q

Collectively refers to all of the synthesis reaction that occur in your body

A

Anabolism

35
Q

Splits up large molecules into smaller atoms ions or molecules

A

Decomposition reaction

36
Q

Collectively refers to the decomposition reactions that occur in your body

A

Catabolism

37
Q

Consists of both synthesis and decomposition reactions

A

Exchange reactions

38
Q

The products can revert to the original reactants

A

Reversible reaction

39
Q

Refers to the loss of electrons; in the process to oxidized substance releases energy

A

Oxidation

40
Q

Refers to the gain of electrons; in the process that reduced substance gains energy

A

Reduction

41
Q

It’s always parallel; when a substance is oxidized, another is reduced at the same time

A

Oxidation-reduction reaction

Biochem (7 decks)

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