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Definition Of Genetics Flashcards

1
Q

Definition of Genetics

A

*Study of heredity and Variation among organisms
* Study of transfer of genes from parents to offspring/children

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2
Q

of how certain qualities or traits are passed from parents to offspring as a result of changes in DNA sequence

A

Study of heredity and Variation among organisms -

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3
Q

The term Genetics was coined by in 1905 and first used by him in 1906 in the international conference on Genetics (ICG).

A

William Bateson-

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4
Q
  • The term Genetics was coined by William Bateson in and first used by him in 1906 in the international conference on Genetics (ICG).
A

1905

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5
Q
  • The term Genetics was coined by William Bateson in 1905 and first used by him in in the international conference on Genetics (ICG).
A

1906

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6
Q

The term Genetics was coined by in 1905 and first used by him in 1906 in the

A

International conference on Genetics (ICG).-

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7
Q

TIMELINE IN HISTORY OF GENETICS

A
  1. Gregor Mendel
  2. Rediscovery of Mendel’s Law
  3. Role of William Bateson
  4. Work of Ronald A. Fisher
  5. Thomas Hunt Morgan (Father of Classical Genetics)
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8
Q

an Austrian Monk. Studied Pea Plants( tested some 28000 plants) between 1836-1856. 2 observation published as “ Experiment of Hybridization” 1866.

A

Gregor Mendel -

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9
Q

Gregor Mendel studied of blank tested some 28000 plants between 1836-1856

A

Pea Plants -

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10
Q

Gregor Mendel 2 observation published as

A

Experiment of Hybridization -

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11
Q

Mendel’s work primarily neglected. In 1900 Mendel work was rediscovered by 3 European scientists.

A

Rediscovery of Mendel’s Law-

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12
Q

3 European scientists who rediscovered the Mendel’s work

A
  1. Hugo Varies
  2. Carl Correns
  3. Erich Von Tschermack
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13
Q

Role of William Bateson there are 2 objection on Mendel work

A
  1. Heredity is discontinues
  2. Biologist were not sure about the applications of law on all species
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14
Q

coined many terms related to genetics including genetics Gene and alleles.

A

William Bateson

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15
Q
  • described that Mendelian factors (gene) were involved for individual trait. Used statistics in genetics
A

Work of Ronald A. Fisher

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16
Q

proposed chromosome theory of inheritance. By conducting statistical studies of the way genetics trait are passed on in fruit flies.

A

Thomas Hunt Morgan (Father of Classical Genetics)-

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17
Q

Thomas Hunt Morgan confirm from his work that

A

Genes are stored in chromosomes inside cell nuclei -

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18
Q
  • origin of species by C. Darwin
A

1859

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19
Q
  • experiment on plant hybridization by G. Mendel
A

1865

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20
Q

chromosome discovered

A

1903-

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21
Q

term genetics coined by W. Bateson

A

1906-

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22
Q

genetic map by Alfred Sturtevant

A

1913-

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23
Q

R. A Fisher shows correlation traits with factors (genes)

A

1918-

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24
Q
  • physical change in chromosomes named as “mutation”
A

1927

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25
- Griffith Experiment on bacteria
1928
26
- Crossing over was explained by Barbara McClintock
1931
27
- Tatum and Beadle shows that genes are responsible for protein synthesis
1941
28
Avery , McLeod and McCarty isolate DNA
1944-
29
- Chargaff Rule A= T and C= G Transposon (jumping genes) discovered by Barbara McClintock
1950
30
- Hershey - Chase experiment prove phages contain DNA as their genetic information
1952
31
- DNA is double helical structure proved by two young scientists Watson and Crick
1953
32
- human have 46 chromosome prove by Jo Hin Tjio Albert Leaven
1956
33
- DNA is semiconservative model proved by Measelson- Stahl
1958
34
- Genome of H influenza was sequence
1995
35
- yeast genome was sequence
1996
36
- Round worm genome was sequence
1998
37
- human genome was released by human genome project and Celera genomics simultaneously
2001
38
- successful completion of human genome 99% accuracy
2003
39
- Marcas pembrey and olov Bygren sex - specific male line transgene rational response ( epigenetic heritable Changes in gene expression)
2006
40
Distinctive Branches of genetics
1. Cytogenetics 2. Molecular genetics 3. Developmental genetics 4. Quantitative genetics
41
- studies chromosome which are the visible carriers of the hereditary materials
Cytogenetics
42
studies the structure and function of genes at the molecular level. It considers the processes whereby biological information are stored, copied , repaired, and decoded to create protein.
Molecular genetics -
43
studies how Genes control the growth and development of an organisms throughout its life cycle.
Developmental genetics -
44
studies the role of genetics and environmental factors on the inheritance of traits that are controlled by many genes and highly affected by the environment.
Quantitative genetics -
45
- is applied to human advantage
Genetics
46
Application of genetics
1. Plant, animal, and microbial improvement 2. Medicine 3. Genetics counseling 4. Legal application
47
the history of improvement of crops , domestic animals, and microorganisms by selective breeding is literally a litany of success stories
Plant, animal, and microbial improvement-
48
Branches of genetics under plants animals and microbial improvement
1. Population genetics 2. Biochemical genetics 3. Evolutionary genetics 4. Behavioral genetics
49
studies the fate of the genes and alleles in populations over Space and Time.
Population genetics -
50
studies the relationship of genes and their control over the function of an enzyme in a metabolic pathways
Biochemical genetics -
51
studies of how genetic variation leads to speciation and adaption and genetic change in response to selection within population
Evolutionary genetics -
52
- studies how genetic and environmental influences would be affecting behavior.
Behavioral genetics
53
- diseases and abnormalities that have genetics bases have been identified and appropriate preventive measures prescribed
Medicine
54
knowledge of the inheritance of certain desirable or undesirable characteristics as well as the pedigree of the prospective parents in the bases of genetics
Genetic counseling -
55
help solve problems of disputed parentage in settling child support, estate claims or even baby mix- up in hospital. Also fingerprints
Legal application -
56
Crossing over was explained by
Barbara McClintock
57
origin of species by
C. Darwin
58
experiment on plant hybridization by
G. Mendel
59
term genetics coined by
W. Bateson
60
genetic map by
Alfred Sturtevant
61
shows correlation traits with factors (genes)
R. A Fisher
62
Crossing over was explained by
Barbara McClintock
63
shows that genes are responsible for protein synthesis
Tatum and Beadle
64
isolate DNA
Avery , McLeod and McCarty
65
experiment prove phages contain DNA as their genetic information
Hershey - Chase
66
DNA is double helical structure proved by two young scientists
Watson and Crick
67
human have 46 chromosome prove by
Jo Hin Tjio Albert Leaven
68
DNA is semiconservative model proved by
Measelson- Stahl

Principles Of Genetics (1 decks)

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