Definition of Biochemistry Flashcards
consists of polyhydroxy -aldehyde or polyhydroxy -ketones
carbohydrates
polyhydroxy -aldehyde
glucose
polyhydroxy -ketone
fructose
smallest unit of carbohydrates
monosaccharides
carbohydrates are linked to each other by
ether linkages
consist of polymer of amino acids linked together by peptidebonds
proteins
contain amino and carboxylic acid groups in the same molecule
proteins
defined by their solubility in organic substances
lipids
contain fatty acids
saponifiable lipids
referred to as complex lipids
saponifiable lipids
do not contain fatty acids
non-saponifiable lipids
called simple lipids
non-saponifiable lipids
long chained carboxylic acids
fatty acids
is a part of amino acids that can change value
r group
essential features of a fatty acid
long hydrocarbon chain and carboxylic acid group
consists of polymer of nucleotides linked together by phosphodiester bonds
nucleic acids
are nitrogenous bases bonded to a phosphate group and a sugar usually ribose
nucleic acids
can be deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) or ribonucleic acids (RNA)
nucleic acids
are acidic because of the presence of the phosphoric acid group that in neutral water is converted to phosphate
nucleic acids
nitrogen base + DNA only
thymine
nitrogen base + DNA & RNA
adenine, guanine, cytosine
nitrogen base+ RNA only
uracil
sugar & phosphate bases + DNA only
2-deoxribose
sugar & phosphate bases + DNA & RNA
phosphate
sugar & phosphate bases + RNA only
ribose
