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definition architecture Flashcards

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1
Q

Space alongside the body of a church, separated from it by columns, pier

A

Aisle

Bas- coté

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2
Q

The table in a Christian church at which the bread and wine are consecrated in communion services.

A

Altar

Autel

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3
Q

A painting or carving above or behind an altar.

A

Altarpiece

retable

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4
Q

Semicircular or polygonal extension, especially of a chancel or chapel. In classical architecture sometimes called an exedra.

A

Apse

apside

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5
Q

Under-surface of an arch, or a moulded band following its contour.

A

Archivolt

Arichivolte/Voussure

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6
Q

The simplest kind of vault, in the form of a continuous semicircular or pointed arch

A

Barrel Vault

Voute en berceau

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7
Q

A funerary monument to someone buried elsewhere

A

Cenotoph

cénotaphe

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8
Q

The part of a church near the altar, reserved for the clergy and choir.

A

Chancel

Choeur

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9
Q

The place of assembly for the members of a monastery or cathedral

A

Chapter House

Salle du chapitre

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10
Q

A complex of elaborate architectural structures at the eastern end of a church, especially a French Gothic church, usually consisting of a semicircular or polygonal apse with radiating chapels and many buttresses

A

Chevet

Chevet

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11
Q

The part of a church where the choir performs.

A

Choir

choeur

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12
Q

The upper part of the nave, choir, and transepts of a large church, incorporating a series of windows which admit light to the central parts of the building.

A

Clerestory

Claire -voie

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13
Q

A covered, and typically colonnaded, passage round an open court in a convent, monastery, college, or cathedral.

A

Cloister

Cloitre

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14
Q

The intersection of a church nave and the transepts.

A

Crossing

croisée du trancept

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15
Q

An exterior support for a wall that sticks out from the wall and is typically arch-shaped, often used in Gothic cathedrals.

A

Flying buttress

Arc boutant

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16
Q

Grotesque carved human or animal face or figure projecting from the gutter of a building to carry water clear of a wall.

A

Gargoyle

Gargouille

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17
Q

Style of architecture prevalent in western europe in the 12th-16th centuries, characterized by pointed arches, elaborate tracery and large windows.

A

Gothic

Gothique

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18
Q

A vault formed of two barrel vaults intersecting at right angles.

A

Groin vault

Voute en arrête

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19
Q

Central stone in an arch or vault

A

Key Stone

Clef de voute

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20
Q

Enclosed vestibule or covered porch at the main entrance to a church.

A

Narthex

Narthex

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21
Q

The central part of a church apart from the side aisles, chancel, and transepts.

A

Nave

Nef

22
Q

Raised and enclosed platform for the preaching of sermons.

A

Puiplt

Chaire

23
Q

A vault with a masonry framework of intersecting diagonal arches (ribs) supporting cells, used in Gothic and late Norman architecture.

A

Rib Vault

Voute d’ogive

24
Q

The dominant style of western Europe in the 11th and 12th centuries. It is associated with the building of large stone churches, and is characterized by round-headed arches and by the use of stylized ornament. In England it is commonly known as norman.

A

Roman

Romanesque

25
Q

Circular window with tracery radiating from the centre.

A

Rose window

Rosace

26
Q

Pieces of coloured glass held in place by thin strips of metal (usually lead) to form pictures in a window

A

Stained glass

Vitraux

27
Q

A church tower

A

Steepl

Clocher

28
Q

Ornamental stonework in an opening, most common in gothic architecture

A

Tracery

Remplage

29
Q

In a church, either of the two parts forming the arms of the cross shape, projecting at right angles from the nave.

A

Transept

Transept

30
Q

A gallery or arcade above the arches of the nave, choir, and transepts of a church.

A

Triforium

Triforium

31
Q

A recess, especially the recessed space between the top of a door or window and the arch above it, or between the cornices forming a classical triangular gable pediment

A

Tympanum

Tympan

32
Q

An arched stone roof

A

Vault

Voute

33
Q

A room in or attached to a church, used as an office and for changing into ceremonial vestments.

A

Vestry

Sacristie

34
Q

The lowest member of the entablature in classical architecture.

A

Architrave

Architrave

35
Q

Relief sculpture in which the design projects slightly from a flat background, but without any part being totally detached from the background.

A

Bas-relief

Bas-relief

36
Q

Head or crowning feature of a column.

A

Capital

Chapiteau

37
Q

The main body of a classical temple (as opposed to the portico).

A

Cella

Cella

38
Q

Arrangement of sunken panels (coffers), square or polygonal, decorating a ceiling, vault or arch.

A

Coffering

Caisson

39
Q

Flat-topped ledge with moulded underside, projecting along the top of a building

A

Corince

Corniche

40
Q

A dome, especially, a small dome on a circular or polygonal base crowning a larger dome or roof.

A

Cupola

Coupole

41
Q

The simplest and plainest of the three main classical orders, featuring a frieze with triglyphs and metopes.

A

Doric

Dorique

42
Q

One of the stones forming the shaft of a column.

A

Drum

Tambour

43
Q

The upper part of a classical building supported by columns or a colonnade, comprising the architrave, frieze, and cornice.

A

Entablature

Entablature

44
Q

Broad horizontal band of sculpted or painted decoration

A

Frieze

Frise

45
Q

Relief sculpture in which the carving projects from the background to more than half its natural depth.

A

Hight relief

Haut relief

46
Q

A classical order of architecture characterized by a column with curling spirals (called volutes) on either side of the capital.

A

Ionic

Ionique

47
Q

Horizontal beam or stone bridging opening

A

Lintel

Linteau

48
Q

The space between the triglyphs in a doric frieze, often ornamented with sculptures

A

Metopes

Metopes

49
Q

An architectural element typically found at the front of the building, in classical styles such as Greek and Roman architecture

A

Pediment

Fronton

50
Q

A porch with the roof and frequently a pediment supported by a row of colomns

A

Portico

Portique

51
Q

The part of the column between the base and capital

A

Shaft

Fût

52
Q

A tablet in a Doric frieze with tree vertical grooves alternating with metopes

A

Triglyphs

Triglyphes

English vocabulary (3 decks)

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