definition architecture

Question 1

Space alongside the body of a church, separated from it by columns, pier

Answer 1

Aisle

Bas- coté

Question 2

The table in a Christian church at which the bread and wine are consecrated in communion services.

Answer 2

Altar

Autel

Question 3

A painting or carving above or behind an altar.

Answer 3

Altarpiece

retable

Question 4

Semicircular or polygonal extension, especially of a chancel or chapel. In classical architecture sometimes called an exedra.

Answer 4

Apse

apside

Question 5

Under-surface of an arch, or a moulded band following its contour.

Answer 5

Archivolt

Arichivolte/Voussure

Question 6

The simplest kind of vault, in the form of a continuous semicircular or pointed arch

Answer 6

Barrel Vault

Voute en berceau

Question 7

A funerary monument to someone buried elsewhere

Answer 7

Cenotoph

cénotaphe

Question 8

The part of a church near the altar, reserved for the clergy and choir.

Answer 8

Chancel

Choeur

Question 9

The place of assembly for the members of a monastery or cathedral

Answer 9

Chapter House

Salle du chapitre

Question 10

A complex of elaborate architectural structures at the eastern end of a church, especially a French Gothic church, usually consisting of a semicircular or polygonal apse with radiating chapels and many buttresses

Answer 10

Chevet

Chevet

Question 11

The part of a church where the choir performs.

Answer 11

Choir

choeur

Question 12

The upper part of the nave, choir, and transepts of a large church, incorporating a series of windows which admit light to the central parts of the building.

Answer 12

Clerestory

Claire -voie

Question 13

A covered, and typically colonnaded, passage round an open court in a convent, monastery, college, or cathedral.

Answer 13

Cloister

Cloitre

Question 14

The intersection of a church nave and the transepts.

Answer 14

Crossing

croisée du trancept

Question 15

An exterior support for a wall that sticks out from the wall and is typically arch-shaped, often used in Gothic cathedrals.

Answer 15

Flying buttress

Arc boutant

Question 16

Grotesque carved human or animal face or figure projecting from the gutter of a building to carry water clear of a wall.

Answer 16

Gargoyle

Gargouille

Question 17

Style of architecture prevalent in western europe in the 12th-16th centuries, characterized by pointed arches, elaborate tracery and large windows.

Answer 17

Gothic

Gothique

Question 18

A vault formed of two barrel vaults intersecting at right angles.

Answer 18

Groin vault

Voute en arrête

Question 19

Central stone in an arch or vault

Answer 19

Key Stone

Clef de voute

Question 20

Enclosed vestibule or covered porch at the main entrance to a church.

Answer 20

Narthex

Narthex

Question 21

The central part of a church apart from the side aisles, chancel, and transepts.

Answer 21

Nave

Nef

Question 22

Raised and enclosed platform for the preaching of sermons.

Answer 22

Puiplt

Chaire

Question 23

A vault with a masonry framework of intersecting diagonal arches (ribs) supporting cells, used in Gothic and late Norman architecture.

Answer 23

Rib Vault

Voute d’ogive

Question 24

The dominant style of western Europe in the 11th and 12th centuries. It is associated with the building of large stone churches, and is characterized by round-headed arches and by the use of stylized ornament. In England it is commonly known as norman.

Answer 24

Roman

Romanesque

Question 25

Circular window with tracery radiating from the centre.

Answer 25

Rose window | Rosace

Question 26

Pieces of coloured glass held in place by thin strips of metal (usually lead) to form pictures in a window

Answer 26

Stained glass | Vitraux

Question 27

A church tower

Answer 27

Steepl | Clocher

Question 28

Ornamental stonework in an opening, most common in gothic architecture

Answer 28

Tracery | Remplage

Question 29

In a church, either of the two parts forming the arms of the cross shape, projecting at right angles from the nave.

Answer 29

Transept | Transept

Question 30

A gallery or arcade above the arches of the nave, choir, and transepts of a church.

Answer 30

Triforium | Triforium

Question 31

A recess, especially the recessed space between the top of a door or window and the arch above it, or between the cornices forming a classical triangular gable pediment

Answer 31

Tympanum | Tympan

Question 32

An arched stone roof

Answer 32

Vault | Voute

Question 33

A room in or attached to a church, used as an office and for changing into ceremonial vestments.

Answer 33

Vestry | Sacristie

Question 34

The lowest member of the entablature in classical architecture.

Answer 34

Architrave | Architrave

Question 35

Relief sculpture in which the design projects slightly from a flat background, but without any part being totally detached from the background.

Answer 35

Bas-relief | Bas-relief

Question 36

Head or crowning feature of a column.

Answer 36

Capital | Chapiteau

Question 37

The main body of a classical temple (as opposed to the portico).

Answer 37

Cella | Cella

Question 38

Arrangement of sunken panels (coffers), square or polygonal, decorating a ceiling, vault or arch.

Answer 38

Coffering | Caisson

Question 39

Flat-topped ledge with moulded underside, projecting along the top of a building

Answer 39

Corince | Corniche

Question 40

A dome, especially, a small dome on a circular or polygonal base crowning a larger dome or roof.

Answer 40

Cupola | Coupole

Question 41

The simplest and plainest of the three main classical orders, featuring a frieze with triglyphs and metopes.

Answer 41

Doric | Dorique

Question 42

One of the stones forming the shaft of a column.

Answer 42

Drum | Tambour

Question 43

The upper part of a classical building supported by columns or a colonnade, comprising the architrave, frieze, and cornice.

Answer 43

Entablature | Entablature

Question 44

Broad horizontal band of sculpted or painted decoration

Answer 44

Frieze | Frise

Question 45

Relief sculpture in which the carving projects from the background to more than half its natural depth.

Answer 45

Hight relief | Haut relief

Question 46

A classical order of architecture characterized by a column with curling spirals (called volutes) on either side of the capital.

Answer 46

Ionic | Ionique

Question 47

Horizontal beam or stone bridging opening

Answer 47

Lintel | Linteau

Question 48

The space between the triglyphs in a doric frieze, often ornamented with sculptures

Answer 48

Metopes | Metopes

Question 49

An architectural element typically found at the front of the building, in classical styles such as Greek and Roman architecture

Answer 49

Pediment | Fronton

Question 50

A porch with the roof and frequently a pediment supported by a row of colomns

Answer 50

Portico | Portique

Question 51

The part of the column between the base and capital

Answer 51

Shaft | Fût

Question 52

A tablet in a Doric frieze with tree vertical grooves alternating with metopes

Answer 52

Triglyphs | Triglyphes