Définition

Question 1

Morpheme

Answer 1

The smallest meaningful unit in a language (cannot divide the morpheme into smaller units without loss of its identity)

Question 2

Base form

Answer 2

Refers to any part of a word regarded as a unit to which an operation be applied

Question 3

Distinguish btw free and bound morpheme

Answer 3

Free morpheme = Can stand by themselves as single words (and, yes, you, the)
Bound morphemes= cannot stand alone as single words (-able, -ism, -ly)
All affixes in english are bound morphemes

Question 4

What are the 8 inflectional suffixes ?

Answer 4

1. ’s, ‘
2. -(e)s
3. -(e)s
4. -ing
5. -ed
6. -en (past participle form / plural form)
7. -er
8. -est

Question 5

Zero morph

Answer 5

A morphem that consists of no phonetic form (no prononciation) (ex: plural form= singular form)

Question 6

Lexeme

Answer 6

Used to refer to an abstract unit of lexical item in order to reduce the ambiguity if the term word (written in capital letters)

Question 7

Simplex word

Answer 7

Lexical item that has no affixes + no part of compound

Question 8

Complex word

Answer 8

Lexical item that has only one base form and one or several affixes

Question 9

Coinage

Answer 9

Invention of totally new terms (ex: kleenex, Google, aspirin)

Question 10

Borrowing

Answer 10

Taking over words from other languages/dialects (ex: piano(it) yogurt(turkish) alcohol (arabic))

Question 11

Loan translation - calque

Answer 11

Is a special type of borrowing, Direct translation of the elements of a word into the borrowing language (skyscraper gratte-ciel)

Question 12

Acronym

Answer 12

Words formed from the initial letters of a set of other words ( form of alphabetism (CD)letter by letter, pronouced as single words (RADAR, UNESCO, NASA)

Question 13

Clipping

Answer 13

Word of more than one syllable is shortened (weblog= blog, thomas=Tom, matbematics=maths)

Question 14

Blending

Answer 14

Combining parts of 2 words to produce a single new word (breakfast+lunch =brunch)

Question 15

Derivation

Answer 15

Adding prefixes/ derivational suffixes to other words or morphemes (dis.respect.ful = prefix.base.derivational suffix)

Question 16

Suppletion

Answer 16

The use of an unrelated form with different root, to complete paradigm (best is the suppletive comparative of good )

Question 17

Back formation

Answer 17

A new word is made by the removal of an affix (majority are verbs, option= to opt

Question 18

Conversion

Answer 18

A word is converted to a new grammatical function without the addition of an suffix (verbs to nouns to love= love; adj to nouns daily = daily; nouns to verbs paper= to paper ; adj to verbs empty = to empty )

Question 19

Compounding

Answer 19

Combination of 2 or + words that function as a single word (flower pot)

Question 20

Vernacular compounds

Answer 20

Made of 2 free bases (may have affixes) = baby-sitter

Question 21

Neo classical compounds

Answer 21

Contain 1 or 2 combing forms of greek/latin
Claustrophobia claustro phobia

Question 22

Right-headed compounds

Answer 22

The right hand element IS the semantic head if the compound ( fishing net)

Question 23

Headless compounds

Answer 23

No head ( pickpocket)

Question 24

Distinguish btw derivational and inflectional mophemes

Answer 24

Derivational morphemes = used to make new words in the language (-age,-dom,-ly,-ful)
Prefixation is ALWAYS derivational
Inflectional morphemes= are not used to to produce New words in english, added to certain words to determine and limit their grammatical significance (plural/singular, adj, comparative, superlative, past simple)

Question 25

Derivational morphemes

Answer 25

Derivational morphemes = used to make new words in the language (-age,-dom,-ly,-ful)
May change the grammatical class (cover(v) +age =coverage(n)) or may not change the grammatical class ( king(n) + -dom =kingdom (n)

Question 26

Inflectional morphemes

Answer 26

Inflectional morphemes= are not used to to produce New words in english, added to certain words to determine and limit their grammatical significance (plural/singular, adj, comparative, superlative, past simple

Question 27

Class- changing

Answer 27

-age,-er,-ese,-ial,-ish,-ly, -ful, -ment, -ness, -able

Question 28

Class maintaining

Answer 28

-dom, -hood, -ship,re-, co-, un-, ex-