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Physics Formula and Definition > Definition > Flashcards

Definition Flashcards

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AP® Physics flashcards Physics 101 flashcards
1
Q

Define Scalar Quantity

A

Physical quantities that have magnitude only

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2
Q

Define Vector quantity

A

Physical quantities that have both magnitude and direction

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3
Q

Define Speed

A

Rate of change of distance

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4
Q

Define Velocity

A

Rate of change of displacement

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5
Q

Define acceleration

A

Rate of change of velocity

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6
Q

Define Uniform Acceleration

A

Constant Rate of Change of Velocity

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7
Q

Define Inertia

A

The mass of a body resists a change in the state of rest or motion of the body

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8
Q

Define Mass

A

The amount of substance in a body

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9
Q

Define Weight

A

Force of gravity acting on a body

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10
Q

Define Density

A

Mass per unit volume

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11
Q

Define Gravitational Field

A

A region in which a mass experiences a force due to gravitational attraction

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12
Q

Define Gravitational Field Strength

A

Gravitation Force per unit mass

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13
Q

Define Principle of moments

A

When a body is in equilibrium, the sum of clockwise moment about any pivot is equal to the sum of anti-clockwise moment about the same pivot

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14
Q

Define Centre of Gravity

A

Point about which the weight of the body seems to act

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15
Q

Define Pressure

A

Force acting per unit area

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16
Q

Define Principle of conservation of energy

A

Energy cannot be created nor destroyed, but can be converted from one form to another. Total energy in an isolated system is constant

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17
Q

Define Energy

A

Capacity to do work

18
Q

Define Work Done

A

Product of Force and distance moved in the direction of the `force

19
Q

Define Power

A

Rate of doing work or energy conversion

20
Q

Define Conduction

A

The transfer of thermal energy through a medium without any flow of the medium

21
Q

Define Convection

A

The transfer of thermal energy by means of convection current in a fluid (liquid or gas), due to a difference in density

22
Q

Define Radiation

A

The transfer of thermal energy in the form of electromagnetic waves such as infrared radiation, without the aid of a medium

23
Q

Define Wave speed

A

Distance moved by a wave in a second

24
Q

Define Frequency

A

Number of completed waves produced per second

25
Q

Define Wavelength

A

Distance between any two identical point on successive waves

26
Q

Define Period

A

Time taken to produce one complete wave

27
Q

Define amplitude

A

The maximum possible displacement of a point from its rest position

28
Q

Define Wavefront

A

Line that joins all identical points on a wave

29
Q

Define transverse wave

A

Wave that travels in a direction perpendicular to the direction of vibrations

30
Q

Define longitudinal wave

A

Wave that travels in a direction parallel to the direction of vibration

31
Q

Define Ultrasound

A

Sound with frequency exceeding the upper limit of human hearing of 20000Hz

32
Q

Define current

A

Rate of flow of charge

33
Q

Define Electromotive Force

A

Work Done by a source in driving a unit charge around a complete circuit

34
Q

Define Potential Difference

A

Work Done to drive a unit charge through the component

35
Q

Define Resistance

A

The ratio of the potential difference across a component to the current flowing through the component

36
Q

Define Fuse

A

Prevent excessive current flow due to faults like short circuit, by melting and becomes an open circuit. Prevent fire and equipment damaged

37
Q

Define fuse rating

A

The maximum allowable current to flow through a fuse before it blows

38
Q

Define Circuit Breaker

A

Trip and switch off the electrical supply in a circuit when there is an excessive flow of current. Prevents fire and equipment damaged

39
Q

Define live wire

A
  • Live Wire is colour-coded brown
  • Deliver electrical energy to the appliance, connected to a high potential (240V)
40
Q

Define Neutral Wire

A
  • Neutral Wire is colour-coded blue
  • Completes the circuit by forming a path for current to flow back to the supply, connected to zero potential (0V)
41
Q

Define Earth Wire

A
  • Earth Wire is colour-coded green and yellow
  • Is a safety device by allowing unusually large current to flow through it, instead of the user. Usually zero current. Prevents electric shocks.

Physics Formula and Definition (2 decks)

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