Defining Religion Flashcards
1
Q
What is the Substantive Definition?
A
The belief in a supernatural power that cannot be explained scientifically.
- WEBER: religion requires a belief in God or other supernatural beliefs.
EXAMPLES: Christianity + Islam.
- Distinguishes it from an ideology.
2
Q
What is the Functional Definition?
A
Religion is defined by social and psychological functions it performs for society (such as social cohesion) providing a sense of identity through shared bonds.
- Durkheim + Parsons.
- Other institutions/organisations provide comfort for individuals: sport + music = collective identity.
3
Q
What is the Social Constructionist Definition?
A
Diversity of religious beliefs means there is not one definitive definition of what religion is.
- The process of understanding how a set of beliefs comes to exist.
- Interpretivist methodologies: focusing on the meanings ascribed to religious involvement.
- Definition is set by those who follow that religion.
4
Q
Who is the main theorist for the Substantive Definition?
A
Weber.
5
Q
Who are the main theorists for the Functional Definition?
A
Durkheim and Parsons.
6
Q
What are religious examples of the Substantive Definition?
A
Christianity and Islam.
