defining and measuring development

Question 1

social development

Answer 1

• improving the well-being of every individual in society so they can reach their full potential
• ways that countries may experience improvements to social institutions -> e.g, education, infrastructure and healthcare

Question 2

economic development

Answer 2

programs, policies or activities that seek to improve the economic well-being and quality of life for a community

Question 3

political development

Answer 3

the level of function that a state or other political entity has reached

Question 4

what are some forms of economic globalisation?

Answer 4

• changing sites of production
• movement of TNC’s
• the international devision of labour
• expansion of capitalism worldwide

Question 5

what are some forms of cultural globalisation?

Answer 5

• increased connections between cultures potentially bringing diversity and benefits
• westernisation and damage to other cultures
• cultural changes may be food, clothes, language, media, etc

Question 6

what are some forms of political globalisation?

Answer 6

• the growing importance of global institutions outside of countries
• political changes may be localisation, increased power of TNC’s, etc

Question 7

HDI

Answer 7

• a summary measure of average achievements in key dimensions of human development (high life expectancy, decent standard of living)
• allows a a ranking of countries by their scores (1= high development)
• each country is given a score between 1 and 0 to indicate their developemnt

Question 8

WEI

Answer 8

• a composite index that measures the level of women’s empowerment across 5 dimetions -> life and good health, education, skill-building and knowledge, labour and financial inclusion
• measures women’s power and freedoms to make choices
• less that 1% of women and girls live in a country with high women’s empowerment and a small gender gap

Question 9

MEDC

Answer 9

more economically developed countries

Question 10

LEDC

Answer 10

• least economically developed country

Question 11

first world countries

Answer 11

highly developed, industrialised, technologically advanced, educated and wealthy countries

Question 12

second world countries

Answer 12

countries that fall between poverty and prosperity of developing/developed nations

Question 13

third world countries

Answer 13

countries that are defined byhigh poverty rates, lack of resources, and unstable financial standing

Question 14

GII

Answer 14

• global innovation index
• a composite measure that reflects inequalities in gender-based outcomes across 3 dimensions (reproductive health, empowerment, labour market particiipation)

Question 15

north/south divide

Answer 15

• a term used to decribe the social, economic and cultural difference between London and the South East of england and the rest of the UK
• people living in the South East of england typically have a longer life expectancy, higher income and better standards of living than those living in the north

Question 16

GNI

Answer 16

• gross national income
• the total market value of all finished goods and services produced within a country

Question 17

GDP

Answer 17

• gross domestic product
• the total product of goods and services produced in an economy excluding income from overseas

Question 18

GNP

Answer 18

• the total economic value of goods annd services produced by a country over the course of a year

Question 19

per capita

Answer 19

income per head/national income divided by population