Defining Addiction

Question 1

the Dsm-5 draws a difference between _____ and _______

Answer 1

addiction
dependence

Question 2

how many symptoms need to be evident for a diagnosis to be made?

Answer 2

two

Question 3

how often do these symptoms need to be present for a diagnosis?

Answer 3

present together in a 12 month period

Question 4

name three symptoms of substance addiction

Answer 4

1. wanting to cut down/not use substance but being unable to
2. cravings and urgings for the substance
3. not managing work, home, or school

Question 5

name three symptoms of alcohol addiction

Answer 5

1. missing school/work
2. persistent cravings
3. interference with important activities

Question 6

list examples of addictions

Answer 6

1. caffeine
2. gambling
3. alcohol

Question 7

define physical dependence

Answer 7

occurs due to long term use of addictive substances, as your body responds in a habitual way, the person needs to take the substance to function normally,
will result in withdrawal symptoms when stimulus is not present

Question 8

define psychological dependence

Answer 8

the mental compulsions to continue engaging with addictive substances as it is rewarding, symptoms are common when abstinence is attempted,
they have an intense desire to repeat the experience, without this the person may experience extreme anxiety

Question 9

what are the two systems that a person has?

Answer 9

Rational and Experiential system

Question 10

outline the properties of the rational system

Answer 10

• operates reasonably
• conscious
• emotion free

Question 11

outline some properties of the experiential system

Answer 11

• unconscious
• emotional
• acts without judgement

Question 12

which system is someone suffering dependence most likely to be in?

Answer 12

experiential system

Question 13

define the term tolerance

Answer 13

a persons diminished responsiveness to a substance as a result of repeated use

Question 14

name two biological causes of tolerance

Answer 14

1. metabolic tolerance
2. receptor density

Question 15

outline metabolic tolerance

Answer 15

• enzymes structure comes complimentary to substance
• quicker response time
• reduces the concentration

Question 16

outline receptor density

Answer 16

• if there are less receptors, reduces the likelihood of an action potential being fired

Question 17

name one non-biological cause of tolerance

Answer 17

learned tolerance

Question 18

outline learned tolerance

Answer 18

• users experience reduced drug effect, as the person has learnt to function normally under the influence

Question 19

define withdrawal

Answer 19

the removal of an addictive substance which may result in unpleasant symptoms, while your body tries to biologically adjust

Question 20

list a few examples of withdrawal?

Answer 20

irritability
loss of appetite
shaking
headaches

Question 21

name factors that can impact symptoms of withdrawal

Answer 21

• half life of drug
• volume
• pattern of how often you take the drug

Question 22

name the two phases of withdrawal

Answer 22

acute and post-acute withdrawal

Question 23

acute withdrawal is ________

Answer 23

immediate phase

Question 24

post acute can last _________

Answer 24

months or years

Question 25

outline the features of acute withdrawal

Answer 25

• physical intense and persisted cravings
• body has yet to adjust

Question 26

list features of post acute withdrawal

Answer 26

• physical and emotional turmoil
• experience alternating periods of dysfunction/ normality