Defining Addiction Flashcards
the Dsm-5 draws a difference between _____ and _______
addiction
dependence
how many symptoms need to be evident for a diagnosis to be made?
two
how often do these symptoms need to be present for a diagnosis?
present together in a 12 month period
name three symptoms of substance addiction
- wanting to cut down/not use substance but being unable to
- cravings and urgings for the substance
- not managing work, home, or school
name three symptoms of alcohol addiction
- missing school/work
- persistent cravings
- interference with important activities
list examples of addictions
- caffeine
- gambling
- alcohol
define physical dependence
occurs due to long term use of addictive substances, as your body responds in a habitual way, the person needs to take the substance to function normally,
will result in withdrawal symptoms when stimulus is not present
define psychological dependence
the mental compulsions to continue engaging with addictive substances as it is rewarding, symptoms are common when abstinence is attempted,
they have an intense desire to repeat the experience, without this the person may experience extreme anxiety
what are the two systems that a person has?
Rational and Experiential system
outline the properties of the rational system
- operates reasonably
- conscious
- emotion free
outline some properties of the experiential system
- unconscious
- emotional
- acts without judgement
which system is someone suffering dependence most likely to be in?
experiential system
define the term tolerance
a persons diminished responsiveness to a substance as a result of repeated use
name two biological causes of tolerance
- metabolic tolerance
- receptor density
outline metabolic tolerance
- enzymes structure comes complimentary to substance
- quicker response time
- reduces the concentration
outline receptor density
- if there are less receptors, reduces the likelihood of an action potential being fired
name one non-biological cause of tolerance
learned tolerance
outline learned tolerance
- users experience reduced drug effect, as the person has learnt to function normally under the influence
define withdrawal
the removal of an addictive substance which may result in unpleasant symptoms, while your body tries to biologically adjust
list a few examples of withdrawal?
irritability
loss of appetite
shaking
headaches
name factors that can impact symptoms of withdrawal
- half life of drug
- volume
- pattern of how often you take the drug
name the two phases of withdrawal
acute and post-acute withdrawal
acute withdrawal is ________
immediate phase
post acute can last _________
months or years
outline the features of acute withdrawal
- physical intense and persisted cravings
- body has yet to adjust
list features of post acute withdrawal
- physical and emotional turmoil
- experience alternating periods of dysfunction/ normality
