Define - Body Structure/organ system Flashcards
What is the plasma membrane?
A selectively permeable membrane made of phospholipids and proteins surrounding the entire cell.
What is cytoplasm?
A gel-like fluid filling the inside of the cell, primarily comprised of water, with electrolytes, metabolic waste products, and nutrients dissolved within it.
What is the nucleus?
A large, spherical body near the center of the cell containing genetic material in the form of DNA.
What is the nuclear membrane?
A double-layered, porous membrane surrounding the nucleus.
What is the nucleolus?
A dark, dense body within the nucleus without an enclosing membrane; most cells contain one to four.
What are mitochondria?
Elongated, rod-shaped bodies filled with fluid, containing DNA.
Known as the ‘power plant’ of the cell.
What are ribosomes?
Small granules of RNA found in the nucleolus or cytoplasm.
What is the endoplasmic reticulum?
A complex connection of membranous fluid-filled, flat sacs and tubular channels connecting the cell membrane to the nucleus membrane, as well as some organelles.
Comprised of the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) and smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER).
What is the Golgi apparatus?
Four to six flat membranous sacs, connected to the endoplasmic reticulum; typically found near the nucleus.
What are lysosomes?
Sacs surrounded by membranes created by the Golgi apparatus.
What is the cytoskeleton?
Comprised of protein microfilaments and microtubules.
What are centrioles?
A pair of rod-shaped bodies made of microtubules found near the nucleus.
What are cilia?
Short, hair-like microtubules projecting from the cell membrane.
What are flagella?
Long, hair-like microtubules projecting from the cell membrane.
