Deficit Therapy

Question 1

Degree of dehydration is underestimated in this type of dehydration because movement of water from intracellular to extracellular space helps preserve intravascular volume

Answer 1

Hypernatremic dehydration

Question 2

MC etiology of renal insufficiency in a child with volume depletion

Answer 2

ATN

Question 3

LR should not be used in resuscitation in this condition because it can be worsened by the presence of lactate

Answer 3

Metabolic alkalosis

Question 4

T/F In replacement therapy, potassium is not usually included in IVF until patient voids

Answer 4

T

Question 5

Initial goal in treating hyponatremic dehydration

Answer 5

Correction of intravascular volume with isotonic fluid

Question 6

Most dangerous form of dehydration

Answer 6

Hypernatremic dehydration (it is most dangerous due to complications of hypernatremia and of therapy)

Question 7

Generated in the brain during hypernatremia to increase the osmolality within the cells of the brain, providing protection against brain cell shrinkage

Answer 7

Idiogenic osmoles

Question 8

Should not be used in initial resuscitation of hypernatremic dehydration because it may cause too rapid a decrease in serum sodium concentration

Answer 8

LR (more hypotonic than NSS)

Question 9

MC approach to modifying the rate of decrease in serum concentration

Answer 9

Adjustment in Na concentration of the IVF

Question 10

MC manifestation of cerebral edema from overly rapid decrease of serum Na concentration during correction of hypernatremic dehydration

Answer 10

Seizures

Question 11

Estimated % dehydration in mild, moderate, and severe dehydration respectively, infants

Answer 11

5, 10, 15

Question 12

Estimated % dehydration in mild, moderate, and severe dehydration respectively, adolescents

Answer 12

3, 6, 9

Question 13

Contents of a standard WHO ORS

Answer 13

Glu 111 mmol, Na 90, Cl 80, K 20, Citrate 10

Question 14

Total osm of a standard WHO ORS

Answer 14

311 mOsm