Deficiencies And specific Condtions

Question 1

Marasmus (cause and signs)

Answer 1

Cause: inadequate energy intake

extreme weight loss and cachexia

Question 2

What can decrease reliability of using UUN to calculate nitrogen bal?

Answer 2

Compromised renal fx (Creat clearance

Question 3

What reduces plasma homocysteine?

Answer 3

Folic acid
B6
B12

(Note: hyperhomocysteinemia is linked to risk of coronary artherosclerosis)

Question 4

Which amino acid is added to PKU formulas?

Answer 4

Tyrosine

Question 5

What are the Branched Chain Amino Acids

Answer 5

Valine
Leucine
Isoleucine

Question 6

Name the aromatic amino acids

Answer 6

Phenylalanine
tyrosine
tryptophan
methionine

Question 7

Conditionally indispensable amino acids

Answer 7

Arginine
Cysteine
Glutamine
Glycine
Proline
Tyrosine

Question 8

Fanconi syndrome

Answer 8

Can be associated with hypophophatemia

Question 9

Which trace element can improve hepatic encephalopathy?

Answer 9

Zinc

Question 10

Aluminum-containing agents

Answer 10

Antacids

Sucralfate

Question 11

How is aluminum toxicity treated?

Answer 11

Deferoxamine

Question 12

What are factors that can cause invalid IC measurement?

Answer 12

Pts requires fiO2 >60%

Air leak (chest tube or bronchioles rap fistula in trach cuff)

Hemodialysis due to potential loss of CO2 through the coil

Question 13

Short chain fatty acids

Answer 13

Primary fuel for the colonocytes

Acetate, propionate, and butyrate

Question 14

Kwashiorkor (cause and clinical signs)

Answer 14

Cause: prolonged inadequate PRO intake

Hypoalbuminemia
Edema/ascites
Dermatitis
Thin brittle hair
Hepatomegaly
Muscle wasting

Question 15

Deficiencies in gastric bypass

Answer 15

Thiamine
zinc
copper
Vitamin D