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Chem > Defi > Flashcards

Defi Flashcards

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1
Q

Acid

A

Proton donor

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2
Q

Base

A

Proton acceptor

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3
Q

Hydrated substance

A

Is a substance that is chemically combined with water

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4
Q

Anhydrous substance

A

Is a substance containing no water

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5
Q

Water of crystallization

A

Are the water molecules present in hydrated crystals

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6
Q

Amphoteric oxides

A

Oxides that react with acids and bases to produce Salt and water

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7
Q

Stone acid

A

Is ax acid that has completely disassociated in an aqueous solution

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8
Q

Weak acid

A

Is an acid that has partially disassociated in an aqueous solution

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9
Q

Element

A

Consists of one single type of atom

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10
Q

Compound

A

Two more more elements chemicals combined

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11
Q

Mixture

A

Two or more events not chemically combined

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12
Q

Atom

A

A central nucleus containing proteins and neutrons surrounded by electrons in shells

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13
Q

Proton number/ atomic number

A

Number of protons in the nucleus of an atom

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14
Q

Mass number/ nucleon number

A

The number of protons and neutrons on the nucleus of An atom

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15
Q

Isotopes

A

Different atoms of the same element that have the same number of protons but different number of neutrons

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16
Q

Ionic bonding

A

Sting electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charges ions

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17
Q

Giant lattice structure of an ionic bond

A

Regular arrangement of alternating positive and negative ions

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18
Q

Covalent bond

A

Formed when a pair of electrons is shared between two atoms leading to noble gas configuration

19
Q

Metallica bonding

A

Attraction between the positive ions in a giant metallic lattice and a ‘sea‘ of delocalized electrons

20
Q

Molecular formula

A

The number and type of different atoms present in a molecule

21
Q

Empirical
Formula

A

Simplest whole number ratio of the atoms or ions in a compound

22
Q

Relative atomic mass

A

Is the average mass of isotopes of an element compared to 1/12th of the mass of carbon 12

23
Q

Relative molecular mass

A

The sum of the relative atomic masses

24
Q

The mole/mol

A

Is the unit of amount of substance, one mole is 6.02 * 10^23 particles ( avagadros constant )

25
Q

Electrochemistry

A

The decomposition of an ionic compound when molten or in an aqueous solution by the passage of an electric current

26
Q

Anode

A

Positive electrode

27
Q

Cathode

A

Negative electrode

28
Q

Electrolyte

A

Molten or aqueous Ionic compound that undergoes electrolysis

29
Q

The transfer of charge during electrolysis

A

Includes the movement of electrons in the external circuit and the loss or gain of electrons at the electrodes and the movement of ions in the electrolyte

30
Q

Hydrogen oxygen fuel cell

A

Uses hydrogen and oxygen to provide electricity with water as the only chemical product

31
Q

Exothermic reaction

A

Transfers thermal energy to the surroundings leading to an increase in temperature of the surroundings

32
Q

Endothermic reaction

A

Takes in thermal energy from the surroundings leading to a decrease in temperature of the surroundings

33
Q

Enthalpy change

A

Transfer of thermal energy during a reaction

34
Q

Activation energy

A

The minimum amount of energy that colliding particles must have to react

35
Q

Catalyst

A

Increases the rate of a reaction and is unchanged at the end of a reaction

36
Q

Redox reaction

A

Involving simultaneous oxidation and reduction

37
Q

Oxidation

A

Gain of oxygen, loss of electrons, increase in oxidation numbee

38
Q

Reduction

A

Loss of oxygen, increase in electrons,
Decrease in oxidation number

39
Q

Oxidizing agent

A

A substance that oxidizes anouther substance and is itself reduced

40
Q

Reducing agent

A

A substance that reduces anouther substance but it itself oxidises

41
Q

Periodic table

A

An arrangement of elements in periods and groups and in order of increasing proton number/ atomic number

42
Q

Alloy

A

Mixture of metals with other elements

43
Q

Photosynthesis

A

Reaction between carbondioxide and water to produce oxygen and glucose in the presence of chlorophyll using energy from light

Chem (8 decks)

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