Defensive Failure and the Bone Marrow Flashcards
What are the 3 main types of immunodeficiency?
Congenital, acquired, and iatrogenic
How common is congenital immunodeficiency?
Rare
What specificly can be deficient in congenital immunodeficiency?
B cells, T cells, Combined, neutrophils
What specificly can be deficient in acquired immunodeficiency?
B cells, T cells, B and T cells, neutrophils
Give an example of congenital B cell deficiency.
X linked hypogammaglobulinaemia
Give an example of congenital T cell deficiency.
Di George Syndrome
What is SCID?
Severe combined immunodeficiency - recessive condition characterised by low T and B cells.
How is SCID treated?
Bone marrow transplant
What is ataxia telangiectasia?
Recessive immunodeficiency characterised by thymic hypoplasia and low B cells.
How is ataxia telangiectasia treated?
Bone marrow transplant
Give an example of a congenital neutrophil deficiency.
Chronic granulomatous disease
Tell me about chronic granulomatous disease.
X linked recessive characterised by persistent infection of skin/resp tract/GI tract. Treated with bone marrow transplant.
What can cause an acquired B cell immunodeficiency?
Chronic lymphatic leukaemia
Other lymphoproliferative disorders
Myeloma
Nephrotic syndrome
What can cause an acquired T cell immunodeficiency?
HIV
Chemotherapy
Hodgkin’s disease
Immunosuppression
What can cause a B and T cell deficiency?
Radiotherapy
CLL
Malnutrition
What are the two neutrophil immunodeficiencys that we can acquire?
Neutropenia (not enough)
Myelodysplasia (not functioning)
What does the HIV virus infect its host via?
CD4 molecule on T helper cells
What does HIV infection open the way up for?
Opportunistic infections
What fungal infections can occur secondary to HIV?
Pneumocystis jiroveci
Candida albicans
Aspergillus
Cryptococcus neoformans
Which micobacterial infections does AIDS predisopse to?
TB
MAI
Which viral infections does AIDS predisopse to?
CMV
HZV
HSV
