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Social Work Exam > Defense Mechanism > Flashcards

Defense Mechanism Flashcards

1
Q

Sublimation

A

The individual deals with emotional conflict or internal or external stressors by channeling potentially maladaptive feelings or impulses into socially acceptable behavior ex. contact sports to channel angry impulses

Re-channeling drives which cannot find an outlet into an acceptable form of expression

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2
Q

Acting out

A

Dealing with emotional conflict or stressors by actions rather than reflections or feelings. Angry adolescent runs away from home rather than talking to his parents about his anger

Directing an unconscious wish or impulse towards a person or object towards whom it is not really felt

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3
Q

Displacement

A

Dealing with emotional conflict or internal or external stressors by transferring a feeling about, or a response to one object onto another usually less threatening substitute object ex. Mother is taking out anger at husband onto safer object, daughter rushing her hair roughly

Man angry at boss kicks the dog

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4
Q

Devaluation

A

Dealing with emotional conflict or stressors by attributing exaggerated negative qualities to self or others. Devaluing myself

Frequently used by persons with narcissistic personality disorder which is the corollary of omnipotence,

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5
Q

Suppression

A

Dealing with emotional conflict or stressors by intentionally avoiding thinking about disturbing problems, wishes, feelings or experience. Avoid thoughts by forcing yourself to think about other things, conscious

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6
Q

Repression

A

Dealing with emotional conflict or stressors by expelling disturbing wishes, thoughts or experiences From conscious awareness. The feeling content may remain detached from its associated ideas.

Banishing unacceptable ideas, fantasies, affects or impulses from consciousness to avoid anxiety

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7
Q

Reaction formation

A

Dealing with emotional conflict and stressors by substituting behaviors, thoughts, feelings, that are diametrically opposed to his or her own unacceptable thoughts or feelings (usually occurs with repression) join anti-child harm group if you have feelings about harming children, believe the opposite,

Person adopts ideas, affects, attitudes, behaviors that are opposites of those he harbors conscious or unconsciously

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8
Q

Projection

A

Dealing with emotional conflict or stressors by falsely attributing to another their own unacceptable feelings or impulses or thoughts (if it bother me, it bothers you)

Primitive defense, attributing ones own disowned attitudes wishes feelings urges to some external object believe spouse is angry at kids when one is really angry at oneself

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9
Q

Projective identification

A

Unlike simple projection the person is aware and not does not fully disavow what is projected and misattributes them as justifiable reactions to the other person at the times the person causes feelings in others than were at first mistakenly believed to be there. Dependent personality disorder

Used by persons with borderline personality disorder. Lack of differentiation between self and object so that the all-bad self project on the al

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10
Q

Verbal order of response

A 
Acknowledge, normalize, validate, 
Explore
Assess
Identify
Clarify 
Refer
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11
Q

Practice strategy for order of response (what you do in the order of responses)

A

Educate
Advocate
Facilitate
Intervention

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12
Q

Group work

A

When working within a group always bring it back to the group to address unless it involves mandatory reporting or a danger to self or others. If a client is continually late for group, bring it back to the group to address.

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13
Q

Delirium

A

Quick on-set of symptoms that, fluctuate, clouded sensorium, brief duration, can happen in young or old, senses are clouded, can be do to a uti, substance induced or other medical condition

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14
Q

Dementia

A

Mostly in older adults, involves relatively stable symptoms that don’t fluctuate, no clouded sensorium, don’t look clouded, must have disturbance in occupational and social functioning, with multiple cognitive deficits

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15
Q

Addictive substance disorders

A

Use disorder, intoxication or withdrawal

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16
Q

Schizophrenia

A

Hallucinations and delusions (psychotic symptoms)
Deterioration in adaptive functioning
Six months duration with active lasting at least a month
Positive symptoms are the hallucinations and delusions,
Treated with anti-psychotic medication, Thorazine, haldol,
Newer anti-psychotics are risperdal, clozapine,

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17
Q

Negative symptoms

A

Associative disturbances, affective disturbances, Avolition, alogia, Autism ambivalence

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18
Q

Manic episode

A

Elevated, expansive, persistent, irritable mood, at least three symptoms, decreased need for sleep, flight of ideas, psychomotor, agitation, grandiosity, sexual preoccupation, positive symptoms, episodes lasting a week

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19
Q

Depressive episode

A

Lasts two weeks, sad/depressed mood, with other symptoms like loss of appetite and weight loss or increased weight gain, suicidal ideation, fatigue, loss of motivation, difficulty concentrating, delusions, thoughts of death or dying, loss of interest or pleasure in activities

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20
Q

Anxiety

A

Unpleasant state characterized by feelings of worry, apprehension, difficulties concentrating, restlessness, irritability, insomnia, somatic sweat, shortness of breath, can have tremors, dizzy, sweaty, irritable, restless, hyperventilation, heartburn, pain.

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21
Q

PTSD

A 
Symptoms for at least a month post stressor, '
Re-experiencing 
Hypervigilance
Avoidance 
Irritability
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22
Q

Anorexia nervosa

A

Intense fear of gaining weight, person is usually underweight, disturbance in body image, won’t eat, over exercises, amenorrhea, refusal to maintain normal body weight,

23
Q

Personality disorders

A

Begin early in life, interfere but not incapable of social and occupational functioning
Cluster A-odd/ eccentric
Schizoid, paranoid, schizotypal

24
Q

Cluster A personality disorders

A

Odd and eccentric

Schizoid pd-very detached with a pattern of indifference, lack desire for intimacy, I just want to be alone

Schizotypal pd-numerous social and interpersonal problems, can’t get it together, ideas of reference,

Paranoid pd-

25
Q

Cluster B personality disorders

A

Dramatic, emotional and erratic behavior

Antisocial pd- psychopath, sociopath, conduct disorder

Borderline pd-in stability of self, inappropriate boundaries, emotional cut offs,

Narcissistic-grandiose sense of self importance, lack of empathy

Histrionic pd-overly dramatic behavior

26
Q

Cluster C

A

Anxious or fearful behavior

Avoidant pd- pattern of social discomfort

Dependent pd-dependent submissive behavior, more frequently in females

Obsessive compulsive personality disorder-perfectionism and inflexibility, monk

27
Q

Freud’s psycho sexual stages

A

Oral (0-12 mo) source of satisfaction is the mouth, conflict is weaning, fixation produces passivity, dependence, ex. Smoking, nail biting over-eating
Anal-1-3 yrs-source of satisfaction is anal region, primary conflict is toilet training, outcome-fixation produces selfishness, rigidity, stinginess, ex. Obsessive-compulsive so, need positive praise
Phallic-3-6-source of satisfaction is genitals, primary conflict is Oedipus, success completion results in proper identification with same sex parent and helps to develop the super-ego
Latency 6-12-primary conflict is focus on social skills rather than sexual skills
Genital 12+ source of satisfaction is genitals, sexuality becomes focused in mature genital love and adult sexual satisfaction,

Phallic
Latency
Genital

28
Q

Id
Ego
Superego

A

Id-inherent drives, impulses, libido, child-like

Ego-mediating force, developed in normal adults

Super-ego-the conscience or moral, development, guilt

29
Q

Erickson’s 8 stages of psychosocial development

A

Trust vs mistrust 0-12 to 18 mos. trust and optimism, can you trust your caregiver
Autonomy vs shame/doubt-18 mos-3 yrs-self-assertion, self-control, feelings of adequacy
Initiative vs guilt-3-6-sense of initiative, purpose and direction
Industry vs inferiority-6-12-productivity and competence in physical, intellectual and social skills
Ego identity vs role confusion-12-18/19-integrated image of oneself as a unique person
Intimacy vs isolation-19-40-ability to form close personal relationships and make career commitments
Generativity vs stagnation-40-65-concern for future generation
Ego integrity vs despair-65-death-sense of life satisfaction and to face death without despair

30
Q

Piaget

A

Adaptation-goodness of fit

Assimilation-incorporating ones environment into the existing environment

Accommodation-modify current thought structure to deal with new features of an environment (modify what you believe to make it easier to fit in)

31
Q

Piaget’s stages

A

Sensorimotor-0-2-achieve object permanence, sucking, grasping, hitting,

Pre operational thought-2-7-engage in symbolic play and interpretation, use of language and modeling, achieve irreversibility

Concrete operational-7-11-kids can understand abstract symbols, child is realistic, achieve conservation, mass, liquid, volume weight

Formal operational-develops egocentrism, can self-criticize, self-admire, abstract thinking and thinking about thinking is possible

32
Q

Community organizing

A 
It is used to help redress the imbalance between the powerless and the powerful.  Reapportionment or restructuring, encouraging and promoting social change
Service
Advocacy
Mobilizing
Organizing
33
Q

Ego functions

Reality testing

A

Accurate perception of external environment and internal world

34
Q

Ego functions

Judgment

A

Capacity to act appropriately depends on accurate perception and evaluation of a given circumstance

35
Q

Ego function: sense of reality of world and of self

A

Experiences onesself in relation to others while maintaining distinct boundaries

36
Q

Ego function: regulatory control of impulses, drives and affects

A

Ability to modulate, delay, inhibit or control expression in accord with reality. Ability to tolerate intense, unpleasant emotions without becoming overwhelmed

37
Q

Ego function: object relations

A

Capacity to view the self as separate from others and complete in oneself, capacity to relate to others

38
Q

Ego function: thought processes

A

Capacity to perceive, concentrate, anticipate, symbolize, remember and reason. Thinking is organized, logical and oriented to reality

Primary process thinking: disregards logical connections between ideas, permits contradictions to exist simultaneously, lacks concept of time, wishes are presented as fulfillment
Secondary process thinking: follows reality principle, postpones gratification, replaces wish fulfillment with appropriate action on environment, goal directed

39
Q

Ego function: adaptive regression

A

Capacity to relax hold on reality, to experience aspects of the self and emerge with increase adaptive capacity resulting from creative integrations

40
Q

Defensive functions

A

Unconscious internal mechanisms to protect from extreme anxiety while fostering optimal functioning

41
Q

Autonomous functions

A

Attention, memory, concentrations, learning, perception, motor and intuition

42
Q

Mastery-competence

A

Early experiences of success and reinforcement of success which affect how the world is experienced and dealt with

43
Q

Synthetic functioning

A

Fitting and binding all of the disparate aspects of personality into a unified structure which can act on the external world. Resolves splits and averts fragmentation

44
Q

Dissociation

A

Process which enables person to split mental functions in manner

Fugue states, amnesia, daydreaming

45
Q

Splitting

A

In borderline pd, manifests as self or others being seen as all good or all bad. Ego weakness, lack of impulse control, serves to protect the good object

46
Q

Acting out

A

Anger at mother acted out by raping women to avoid conscious awareness of real object

47
Q

Object relations theory mahler

A
  1. Attachment normal autism and normal symbiosis 0-5/6 mos
  2. Separation (hatching and practicing) 6 mos to 18 mos
  3. Rapprochement
  4. Object constancy
48
Q

Moral development kohlberg

A

Preconventional-moral reasoning based on avoiding punishment and to serve ones own needs
Conventional-moral reasoning based on the need to look good in ones own eyes and the eyes of others, to maintain the social system, we need to have rules to keep the whole thing moving along
Post-conventional-moral reasoning based on the belief in greater moral principles and a sense of personal commitment to doing what is right because it is right regardless of individual needs, sense of commitment to the greater good for the greatest number

49
Q

Kubler Ross stages of death and dying

A

DABDA

Denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance

50
Q

Behavioral paradigms

Pavlov

A

Classical conditioning-stimulus response approach to behavior, pairing involuntary stimulus with an involuntary response so that the stimulus eventually elicits the conditioned response

51
Q

Operant conditioning skinner

A

Behavior operates on the environment, antecedent events or stimuli precede behaviors which in turn are followed by consequences. Consequences which increase the occurrence of the behavior are reinforcing, consequences which decrease the occurrence of the behavior are punishing, child eats veggie to get dessert, positive consequence, employee finishes work to avoid getting fired, negative consequence

52
Q

Stages of group development

A

Forming: pre-affiliation-development of trust
Storming: power and control, struggle for individual autonomy and group identification
Norming: intimacy, utilizing self in service of the group
Performing: DIFFERENTIATION: acceptance of each other as distinct individuals
Adjourning: separation and termination : independence

53
Q

Prevention (teen pregnancy)

A

Primary prevention: to prevent, aimed at reducing the prevalence of a problem by reducing the incidence of new cases, creating environments that promote mental health

Secondary prevention: treat symptoms, reduce prevalence by reducing duration through early detection and intervention (groups on prenatal care)

Tertiary prevention: reduce disability in chronic problems, try to reduce negative after effects, provide childcare in schools

Social Work Exam (3 decks)

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