defenitions Flashcards
Resistance
potential difference/ current
pressure
force/area
plastic deformation
when the load is removed and the object does not return to its original shape or length
power
power is the rate of doing work
power = work done/ time
power= energy transfered/ time
spontaneous radioactive decay
decay occurs and cannot be affected by external/environmental factors or two stated factors such as chemical/pressure/temperature/humidity
Internal energy
sum of potential energy and kinetic energy of atoms or molecules
Thermals equilibrium
the condition under which two substances in physical contact with each other exchange no heat energy. They will be at rhe same temperature
Amplitude modulation
amplitude of carrier wave varies in synchrony with displacement of inforamtion signal
noise
unwanted energy or power that is random
antiquark
the anti matter partner of the quark
anti particle
the generic term for an anti matter partner of a particle
newtons 1st law
a body continues at constant velocity unless acted on by a resultant force
Newtons 2nd law
force = rate of change of momentum/ time F=M/A
Newtons 3rd law
for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.
newtons law of gravitation
force is proportional to the product of the masses and ivnversly porportional to the square of the seperation
law of conservation of mommentum
for a collison occurring between 2 objects ina isolatex systum the total mommentum of both objects before the collision is equal to the total mommentum of the two objects after the collision.
hook’s law
the force needed to extend or compress a spring by some distance is proportional to that distance.
electromagnetic waves in order
in order of inreasing frequenct
Raging Martians Invaded Venus Using Xray Guns
Radio waves, Microwaves, Infrared, Visible light, Ultraviolet, Xrays, Gamma rays
Acceleration
change in velocity/ time taken or rate of change in velocity
frequency of a sound wave
20Hz-20KHz
wavelength of Gamma Ray
less than 0.01nm wavelength
wavelength of xray
0.01nm- 10 nm
wavelength of ultra violet
10nm- 400 nm
wavelength of visible light
400nm-700nm
wavelength of infa red
700nm-1x10^6nm
microwave wavelength
1x10^6 nm -1x10^7 nm
wavelength of radio wave
1x10^7nm - 1x10^9
weight equation
weight= mass x gravity
momentum equation
momentum= mass x velocity
suvat equation
s=ut + 1/2at s=1/2(v+u)t v= u +at v^2=u^2 + 2as s=vt - 1\2at^2
resistance, voltage, current, power equations ( there are four of them)
V=IxR
P=IxV
P=I^2xV
P=V^2/R
current charge time equation
I=🔺Q/🔺t
fundamental wave equation for light waves
speed of light= frequency X wavelength
work done equation
work done = force x distance
kinetic energy equation
Ke=1/2mv^2
denfition of kinetic energy
kinetic energy is the energy possessed by virtue of its motion
kinteitc energy mommentum mass equation
K.E= momentum^2/2xmass
relation of ke and wd
kinetic energy = work done
work done equation using u and v
W=1/2mv^2-1/2mu^2
what is potential energy
the energy possessed by a body by virtue of its positin in afield or state of strain is called potential energy
definiton gravitational potential energy
the enregy possessed by a body due to its position in the gravtiational field of earth called gravitation potential energy
potential energy equation
P.E= mgh
deffiniton of potential energy of a spring
when a spring is streched or compressed from its normal position a restoring force is set up inside the spring
spring force equation
F=-kx where k is the spring constant and the -ve sign indicates that restoring force is opposite to the displacement
total work done on a spring equation
work done on a spring = 1/2kx^2
conservation of energy
energy xan neither be created nor destroyed. it can only be transformed from one form into another withour gain or loss
stess equation
force/area
strain equations
strain=🔺L/L
young modulus equation
stress / strain
