Defences and Remedies Flashcards

1
Q

What is contributory negligence?

A

When the pursuer contributed to his or her loss through their own negligence.

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2
Q

What is the outcome when contributory negligence is established?

A

Damages will be reduced by a proportion to reflect the defenders contribution.

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3
Q

What is the leading case in contributory negligence?

A

Jackson v Murray

  • 13 year old girl crossed the road behind a bus and got hit by a car.
  • in lower court held 90% her fault 10% defender’s fault.
  • in appeal court held 70% her fault 30% defender’s fault
  • in Supreme Court held 50% her fault 50% defender’s fault. (Important/unusual)
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4
Q

A finding of contributory negligence on the part of a child will depend on:

A
  • the nature of the particular danger

- the child’s capacity to appreciate its danger

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5
Q

What is the defence of volenti non fit injuria and what happens when it is established?

A
  • the pursuer knowingly consented to run the risk of injury

- where established this is a complete defence

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6
Q

What defence is Damnum Fatale?

A

This is an attempt to pin the blame for a harmful event on an extraordinary natural occurrence.

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7
Q

What happens if the defence of damnum fatale is established?

A
  • if successful it establishes that the defender was not at fault
  • unless liability in the circumstances is absolute it will exonerate the defender
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8
Q

What is the defence of Ex turpi causa non oritur actio? It is complete or not?

A

Where the pursuer was involved in some relatively serious crime or immoral activity at the time the harm occurred.

It is a complete defence.

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9
Q

What are the 3 remedies?

A
  • Declarator
  • Interdict
  • Damages
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10
Q

What is declarator?

A
  • a statement concerning the rights of the petitioner.

- accompanied by another remedy (damages or interdict)

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11
Q

What is interdict?

A
  • restrains activity but must be ‘in wider than necessary’

- petitioner seeks interdict against the respondent

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12
Q

What is the Latin phrase for damages?

A

“Restitutio in integrum”

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13
Q

What are the 2 types of claim for damages?

A
  • Patrimonial

- Solatium

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14
Q

What is raised by the victims relatives under s.6 Damages (Scotland) Act 2011?

A

Where the victim dies outright, the relatives’ claim for loss of services that might have been rendered to them by the victim had he lived.

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15
Q

Solatium damages if victim lives:

A
  • damages incurred for pain and suffering

- common law

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16
Q

Patrimonial damages if the victims lives:

A
  • Damages incurred for diminished life expectancy
  • Based on expected earnings / benefits during “lost period”
  • Statutory law: Damages (Scotland) Act 2011
17
Q

Patrimonial claim for ‘loss of services’:

Victim dies

A
  • services that might have been rendered by the victim had they lived.
  • s.6 Damages (Scotland) Act 2011
18
Q

Patrimonial claim for ‘loss of support’:

Victim dies

A
  • includes reasonable funeral expenses.

- available to members of immediate family and any other relative actually supported by the victim.

19
Q

Solatium claim for ‘loss of society’:

Victim dies

A
  • available to immediate family only.

- distress and anxiety endured by relative in contemplation of suffering of victim before death.

20
Q

What damages can be claimed by a victims relatives under s.4 (3)(b)(ii) of the Damages (Scotland) Act 2011?

A

Grief and sorrow caused by the victims death.

21
Q

What damages can be claimed by a victims relatives under s.4 (3)(b)(i) of the Damages (Scotland) Act 2011?

A

Loss of non - patrimonial benefit the relative might have been expected to derive from the victim’s society guidance had they lived.