Defences

Question 1

What are the physical defences in a plant?

Answer 1

Two types :

Barriers - for example waxy cuticle, thick cell wall & closed stomata

Prevent infection spreading - invading pathogen will stimulate plant to produce callose which is deposited inbetween cell wall & cell membrane reinforcing wall
Also plant can detach leaf through a process known as abscission

Question 2

What are the chemical defences in a plant?

Answer 2

Produce chemicals which repel, kill or prevent growth of pathogens e.g.- hydrolitic enzymesto break down call wall of invading pathogen

Question 3

What are non - specific defenses?

Answer 3

The ways in which the body defends against all pathogens

Question 4

State three ways in which the non-specific defense system prevents the entry of pathogens

Answer 4

Skin, mucous membranes & expulsive reflexes

Question 5

Explain mucous membranes

Answer 5

-Line the airway, gut & reproductive system

-Mucous membranes contain mucous secreting goblet cells. This mucous traps pathogens & contains enzymes & white blood cells which kill those pathogens

Question 6

Explain expulsive reflexes

Answer 6

coughes & sneezes which get rid of mucous with pathogens trapped within