Deeper Parts of the CNS (Lecture #3)

Question 1

structures of the basal ganglia

Answer 1

caudate
putamen
globus pallidus

Question 2

basal ganglia is made up of (axons/cell bodies)

Answer 2

cell bodies

Question 3

function of basal ganglia

Answer 3

refining movement
help determine extent of speed of movement
help suppress unwanted movement

Question 4

are cerebral hemispheres longer in the anterior-posterior direction or the superior-inferior direction?

Answer 4

anterior-posterior

Question 5

internal capsule

Answer 5

axons going from thalamus to cerebral cortex
of
axons going from cerebral cortex to basal ganglia, thalamus, brainstem, or spinal cord

Question 6

parts of internal capsule

Answer 6

anterior limb
genu
posterior limb

Question 7

3 major parts of the diencephalon

Answer 7

thalamus
hypothalamus
epithalamus (pineal gland)

Question 8

what is the largest portion of the diencephalon

Answer 8

thalamus

Question 9

how many thalami does the brain have?

Answer 9

1 for each hemisphere

Question 10

what is the only collection of cell bodies that can send info directly to the cerebral cortex?

Answer 10

thalamus

Question 11

hypothalamus function

Answer 11

homeostasis

Question 12

how many hypothalami do we have?

Answer 12

1

Question 13

mammillary bodies

Answer 13

part of the hypothalamus involved in memory

Question 14

epithalamus

Answer 14

thought to be involved in sleep-wake cycle

Question 15

parts of brainstem

Answer 15

midbrain
pons
medulla

Question 16

cranial nerves attached to cerebral hemispheres

Answer 16

CN I

Question 17

cranial nerves attached to diencephalon

Answer 17

CN II

Question 18

cranial nerves attached to midbrain

Answer 18

CN II, IV

Question 19

cranial nerves attached to pons

Answer 19

CN V

Question 20

cranial nerves attached to junction between pons and medulla

Answer 20

CN VI-VIII

Question 21

cranial nerves attached to medulla

Answer 21

CN IX, X, XII

Question 22

cranial nerves attached to spinal cord

Answer 22

CN XI

Question 23

cranial nerves

Answer 23

I Olfactory
II Optic
III Oculomotor
IV Trochlear
V Trigeminal
VI Abducens
VII Facial
VIII Vestibulocochlear
IX Glossopharyngeal
X Vagus
XI Accessory
XII Hypoglossal

Question 24

CN II function

Answer 24

(optic)

vision

Question 25

CN III function

Answer 25

(oculomotor)

eye movement, makes pupil smaller

Question 26

CN IV function

Answer 26

(trochlear)

eye movement

Question 27

CN V function

Answer 27

(trigeminal)
face sensation
muscles of mastication

Question 28

CN VI function

Answer 28

(abducens)

eye movement

Question 29

CN VII function

Answer 29

(facial)
movement of face
taste

Question 30

CN VIII function

Answer 30

(vestibulocochlear)
hearing
sensation of movement

Question 31

CN IX, X function

Answer 31

(glossopharyngeal, vagus)
swallowing
gagging
voice quality

Question 32

CN XI function

Answer 32

(accessory)
turn head
shrug shoulders

Question 33

CN XII function

Answer 33

(hypoglossal)

move tongue

Question 34

what is inside the brainstem?

Answer 34

1. cranial nerve nuclei
2. reticular formation
3. 3 long pathways
4. other nuclei

Question 35

cranial nerve nuclei

Answer 35

cell bodies for muscles in neck and head
cell bodies for receiving sensory info from head and neck
parasympathetic cell bodies

Question 36

reticular formation

Answer 36

net-like collection of cell bodies and axons in the center area of the brainstem

Question 37

function of rostral part of reticular formation

Answer 37

maintaining consciousness

Question 38

function of caudal part of reticular formation

Answer 38

motor and autonomic functions (swallowing, vomiting)

Question 39

3 long pathways thru brainstem

Answer 39

1. corticospinal tract (always ventrally located)
2. dorsal column medial lemniscal pathway (medial)
3. anterolateral pathway (lateral)

Question 40

other nuclei in brainstem

Answer 40

midbrain: red nucleus, substantia nigra
pons: pontine nuclei

Question 41

how many lateral ventricles do we have?

Answer 41

one in each hemisphere

Question 42

where is the third ventricle located

Answer 42

between thalami

Question 43

where is fourth ventricle located

Answer 43

dorsal aspect of pons