Deep Currents & Upwelling Flashcards
The opposite of surface currents are _______.
deep currents
Deep currents cause chilly waters to creep slowly across the _______ and are caused by differences in the density of the ocean water.
ocean floor
What effects the density of water?
temperature & salinity
Deep currents form once _______ surface currents move from the equator to the poles.
warm
Once water cools, the density _______ because the salinity increases.
increases
Deep currents cause water to _______and flow back along the ocean floor.
sink
Deep currents move and _____ water around the world.
mix
Deep currents carry cold water from the _______ toward the equator.
cold
How long does it take deep currents to flow from the pole to the equator and back?
1000 years
Winds sometimes cause surface waters and deep water to mix causing _______.
upwelling
Upwelling is the movement of cold water _______ from the deep ocean.
upward
As winds blow away the warm surface water, _______ rises to replace it.
cold water
Upwelling brings up tiny ocean _______ mineral and other nutrients from the deeper layers of the water
organisms
Without upwelling, the surface waters of the open ocean would be very _______ in nutrients.
scarce
Zones of upwelling are usually home to ___________ because of the plentiful nutrients.
huge schools of fish
