Deep Back Layers Flashcards
Deep back Superficial Layer muscles
Splenius Capitis & Splenius Cervicis
Splenius Capitis & Splenius Cervicis (Purposeful Activity)
-Social Interactivity
-Driving
Splenius Capitis & Splenius Cervicis (Proximal Attachment)
-Nuchal ligament
-SP C7-T6
Splenius Capitis & Splenius Cervicis (Distal Attachments)
-Splenius capitis: Fibers run superolaterally to mastoid process of temporal bone and lateral third of superior nuchal line of occipital bone.
-Splenius cervicis: TP of C1–C4 vertebrae
Splenius Capitis & Splenius Cervicis (Nerve Innervations)
Dorsal rami of spinal nerves
Splenius Capitis & Splenius Cervicis (Action)
-Acting unilaterally: laterally flexes the neck and rotates the
head to side of active muscles (ipsilateral)
-Acting bilaterally: extend the head and neck
Deep Back Intermediate group (Group name & Muscles involved) list Medial to Lateral
Erector Spinae Group
-Spinalis
-Longissimus
-Iliocostalis
Erector Spinae Group (Purposeful Activity)
Maintaining an upright posture for ADLs/IADLs
Erector Spinae Group (Proximal Attachment)
- Common tendon (thoracolumbar fascia) that attaches to the posterior surface of the sacrum
- iliac crest
- spinous processes of the lumbar
- last two thoracic vertebrae
Erector Spinae Group (Nerve Innervation)
Dorsal rami of Spinal Nerves
Erector Spinae Group (Action)
Unilaterally:
Laterally flex the vertebral column to ipsilateral the side
Bilaterally:
Extend the vertebral column
Iliocostalis (Distal Attachment)
lower rib angles and cervical TP
Longissimus (Distal Attachment)
between rib tubercles and angles to thoracic TP
Spinalis (Distal Attachment)
upper thoracic SP and to cranium
Major deep back (Group Name and Muscles involved) list deep to superficial
Transversospinalis Group
-Rotatores (brevis and longus)
-Multifidus
-Semispinalis (thoracis, cervicis, and capitis)
Rotatores (Purposeful Activity)
Tai chi or yoga (deep postural stability)
Rotatores (Inferior Attachment)
TP of vertebrae (thoracic the best)
Rotatores (Superior Attachment)
SP of lumbar vertebrae through second cervical vertebrae
(rotatores span 1-2 vertebrae)
1= brevis
2= longus
Rotatores (Nerve Innervation)
Dorsal rami of Spinal Nerves
Rotatores (Action)
-Unilaterally:
Rotate the vertebral column to the opposite side (contralateral)
-Bilaterally:
Extend the vertebral column locally
May function as organs of proprioception
Multifidi (Purposeful Activity)
Tai chi or yoga (deep postural stability)
Multifidi (Action)
-Unilaterally:
Rotate the vertebral column to the opposite side (contralateral)
-Bilaterally:
Extend the vertebral column
-Stabilizes vertebrae during local movements of vertebral column
Multifidi (Inferior Attachment)
- Arises from posterior sacrum, PSIS
- Aponeurosis of erector spinae
- SI ligaments
- Mammillary processes of lumbar vertebrae
- TP of T1–T3, articular processes of C4–C7
Multifidi (Superior Attachment)
- Thickest in lumbar region
- Fibers pass obliquely superomedially to
entire length of SP - Located 2–4 segments superior to proximal attachment
Multifidi (Nerve Innervation)
Dorsal rami of Spinal Nerves
Semispinalis (Purposeful Activity)
Using a computer workstation, looking overhead
Semispinalis (Action)
- Extends the head, neck, and thoracic spine
- Rotates them contralaterally
Semispinalis (Inferior Attachment)
TP of C4 to T12
Semispinalis (Superior Attachment)
- Fibers run superomedially to occipital bone and SP in thoracic and cervical regions
- Spanning 4–6 segments.
Semispinalis (Nerve Innervations)
Cervical dorsal rami of Spinal Cervical Nerves
