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Decontamination > Decontamination > Flashcards

Decontamination Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 ways that personnel may be exposed to ionizing radiation?

A
  1. External irradiation
  2. External Contamination
  3. Wound Contamination
  4. Internal Contamination
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2
Q

What takes precedence over radiologic injuries?

A

Medical Emergencies.

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3
Q

What is the primary purpose of decontamination of external contamination? Secondary?

A

To prevent Internal Contamination.

Secondary would be to limit dose to the skin.

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4
Q

What are the 4 ways that an individual could have internal contamination?

A
  1. Inhalation
  2. Ingestion
  3. Absorption
  4. Impingement
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5
Q

What should be done if the exposure limits (aka 5 rem) were to be exceeded?

A
  1. Call BUMED
  2. Situational Report 6470/1 within 24 hours.
  3. Situational RME (SE)
  4. Obtain CBC with differential and platelets repeated every 24 hours for 2 days.
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6
Q

What should be done if personnel were to become contaminated?

A
  1. 6470/11 Internal Monitoring.
  2. 6470/10 with remarks
  3. Addendum to 6470/10 (appendix O) Detailing explanation of contamination.
  4. Incident Report
  5. SF form 531 - Anatomical Form
  6. SF 600 if there is an injury.
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7
Q

What are the 6 decontamination methods for forces afloat and ashore?

A
  1. Self Adhering Tape
  2. Wash 1-3 minutes with soap and water
  3. Wash 1-3 minutes with waterless hand cleaner.
  4. Wash 1-3 minutes with mild abrasive and water.
  5. Sloughing.
  6. Magnet (when applicable)
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8
Q

A reading of ______ mR/hr above background represents a neutron exposure above 25 rads. At that level, what should be done?

A
  1. 2mR/hr.
  2. Collect 10cc blood
  3. Collect 100cc urine
  4. Collect 1/2 gram of hair
  5. Collect any metal objects worn during the individual and document their location.
  6. Send collected items to NDC.
  7. Treat patient symptomatically.
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9
Q

For what type of ingestion should you never give antacids?

A

Chromium (Cr - 51).

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10
Q

If someone were to ingest 1uCi of Co-60, what amount of radiation would that commit to the GI tract; what CEDE would that give in the first year?

A

80mRem to GI tract

10mRem CEDE

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11
Q

What are the 1/8th rules of inhaled Co-60?

A

80% eliminated in 1 day or less.
1/4th exhaled
5/8th concentrates in the pulmonary mucous.
1/8th is processed more slowly via other mechanisms.

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12
Q

What are the wound decontamination procedures for Co-60?

A

WMD:
Wash
Probe with Magnet
Debridement

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13
Q

In the case of I-131 exposure due to an accident, what are the rules for the uptake of iodine?

A

50% absorbed at 6 hours
90% absorbed at 24 hours
100% absorbed at 48 hours

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14
Q

What amount of potassium iodide should be given to a patient with an I-131 exposure?

A

130mg/day KI.

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15
Q

What are the internal concerns for Plutonium 239.

A

Lung, Liver, Bone.

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16
Q

If a MFR with DT 681 notes greater than 50 cpm after a plutonium exposure, what should be done? What if it is over 500 cpm?

A

50 cpm - Follow internal decon procedures.

500cpm - Transfer to MTF.

17
Q

What percent of radium-226 is absorbed, and how is it eliminated?

A

30% absorbed
95-98% Fecal
2-5% Urine

18
Q

How do we test for radium-226 exposure?

A

Radiobioassay of excreta.

19
Q

How do we treat for a radium 226-exposure?

A

Magnesium sulfate 10% solution followed by daily saline purgatives (with MgSO4).

20
Q

If tritium is absorbed, what should be collected for testing and when?

A

100cc urine should be collected 4 hours after exposure.

- Increase fluid intake 2-4L daily to help remove H-3.

21
Q

What are 7 items the Decontamination Kit?

A 
Porous Tape
Bar Soap
Laundry Detergent
Surgical Brushes
Sterile Water
Waterless hand cleaner
Soft Scrub/Lava Soap
Aluminum Hydroxide
Antacids
Magnesium Sulfate/Castor Oil
Cathartics
Specimen Containers
Potassium Iodide tablets.
22
Q

What is the purpose of anti-contamination clothing?

A
  1. Prevent personnel contamination when working in areas here unsealed radioactive material is present.
  2. Prevent the Spread of contamination if personnel are contaminated.
23
Q

When should a full set of Anti-Cs be worn?

A

When surface contamination limits are > 10,000 uuCi/100cm2

24
Q

What is in a full set of Anti-C’s?

A 
Hood
Coveralls
Cotton Liners
Rubber Gloves
Plastic Shoe Covers
Rubber Overshoes
Respirator (If required)
25
Q

Who is required to be at the Control Point Area?

A 
Man in Charge
Phone Talker
ELT/RCA
Corpsman
CPW
26
Q

What is the acronym used in describing emergency response to a radioactive spill casualty?

A 
SWIMS
Stop the Spill
Warn Others
Isolate the Area
Minimize your Exposure
Secure OR redirect ventilation.
27
Q

What are the contents of a spill kit?

A 
Yellow Poly Bags
Tweezers
Absorbent Material
Survey Maps
PAS Paper
Barrier Materials (rope)
Signs
Tape
Swipe Materials
Anti-Cs
28
Q

What color bag is radioactive waste placed within? What about non-radioactive waste?

A 
Radioactive = Yellow
Non-Rad = Green poly bags.
29
Q

Who is responsible for the amount of decon material afloat?

A

Surface - TYCOM

SUB - Engineering Department Manual

30
Q

What is the biological half life of cobalt - 60?

A

42 hours

Decontamination (1 decks)

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