decontamination Flashcards
What are the stages of the life cycle diagram for prcessing instruments
- Acquisition
- Cleaning
- Disinfection
- Inspection
(If fails inspection scrap or return)
- Packaging
- Sterilization
- Transport
- Storage
- Use
- Transport
Then repeat back to cleaning
What are the reason for cleaning instruments
1) functionality of instruments
2) minimise spread of contamination
3) Prevent failed procedures
4) Achieve steam contact
5) legal requirement
What are the stages of cleaning
Washer disinfector is the first step
Secondary/backup method is ultrasonic bath and manual cleaning
When would you use steam sterilisers
After all vasible contamination is removed
What is the best form of sterilisation
Vaccum (type B)
When is manual cleaning carried outt
only if thres no other options
What does the cleaning stage do
Removes proteins or prions (vCJD)
If manual washing what is required
Wear adequate PPE
Use of sink that is dedicated to manual cleaning with a seperate sink for rinsing
Tap water temp at 30-35 so proteins dont coagulate
No splashing
Soft brstled brush used
What does Ultrasonic bath not do
Does not disinfect
What does the ultrasonic bath have potential to do and how do you prevent it
To damage the instrument so read manufactors instructions
What is the operating temperature of the ultrasonic bath
20-30
How do you fiil an ultrasonic bath and add the cleaning stuff
You can just use tap water and fill up to the line and then just add the chemical to the water to MI
With the ultrasonic cleaner what must you do before any production cycles and why
the chamber must be filled with water and detergent
A standard production cycle should be ran with the chamber empty,except from the load carrier
The reason for this is that there are air/gas bubbles inside water normally and during the Ultrasonic process any bubbles created will collapse into the air bubbles This will effect the efficacy of the equipment and prevent proper cleaning of instrumentation
What mustthe ultrasonic cleaner go through before use
Degas cycle
What is done after the Ultrasonic cleaner is used
Put back into the washer disinfector
What is the use of an ultrasonic bath
Cleans contaminants off the instruments
What are the stages of the washer disinfector
Flush/Prewash – this stage saturates the contamination and removes gross contamination, temp.<35
Main wash – this stage is supplemented by detergent tomore effectively remove biological matter, temp. dependant on chemical used
Rinse – this stage removes any remaining residue, biological or chemical before disinfection, temp. <65
Thermal Disinfection – this stage actively kills microorganisms with the use of heated water, temp. 90-95
Drying – this stage uses hot air to remove any remaining moisture from the surface of the instruments, temp. 100
What is the first step in the decontamination process
Using the washer disinfector
What are the daily checks required with the washer disinfector
- Check that the Sprays arms spin freely without obstruction
- Check the spray jets are not blocked
- Make sure there is no debris on the strainer/filter, and that there are no parts of instruments or any other potential blockage’s.
- Check the condition of the door seal and wipe and clean if necessary
- Verify there is a suitable amount of chemical in the reservoir
- Record the disinfection temperature of the first cycle every day (commonly referred to as an ACT)
What is the stage carried out after the washer disinfector
Inspection to check for any contaminents left
Why is steam used in cleaning
Steam carries a massive amount of energy
It is a non-toxic component in the sterilisation process
The main ingredient is water which is readily available
There is no waste product except water
Small amounts of water creates lots of steam and in a small space creates high pressure
In steam sterilisers what must be used
purified water
What are the types of steam sterilisers
Type N (most basic)
Type B (most used)
Type S (specialised)
Talk about the type N steriliser
Not entirely efficent
ONLY rigid steel/solid instuments with no pocket chanels or lumens
Cannot procces wrapped instruments
Makes instruments sterile but not to point of use
TEmp. of 134-137 for 3 mins
Talk about the Type B steriliser
Creates a vaccum and puts steam in it
can process wrapped, channelled and lumened instruments, also process porous items such as cotton wool swabs
Creatse a -ve presssure where as the steam rushes in it expands into the chamber and is forced to contact all surfaces due to the vacuum effect, penetrating wrappings as well
Temp 134-137 for 3 mins
Talk about the Type S steriliser
Washes and lubricates as well as sterilising
For specific instruments check MI
What must be carried out daily for steam sterilisers
Checking door seals are intact and free from debris and Clean if necessary.
Verify the chamber is free from damage/debris/contamination or instruments from previous cycles
Verify the condition of the load carrier
Fill and drain the feedwater reservoir each day
Drain the used water reservoir each day
What must be carried out for type B steam sterilisers
On a daily basis – A steam penetration test must be carried out using a test device such as a Bowie Dick test pack or a Helix
On a weekly basis –
An ‘Air Leakage Test’ must be ran
An Air Detector Function Test (ADFT) must be ran
What is the sinners circle and what does it contain
It shows the 4 key elements that are required for a successful cleaning process:
Energy, temperature, chemicals, Time
What is not used in decontamination
Chemical disinfectants
what PPE to be worn during manual cleaning
apron, gloves, heavy duty gloves, visor
