Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Chapter 6 and 7 > Deckers chapter 6 and 7 > Flashcards

Deckers chapter 6 and 7 Flashcards

1
Q

Arousal

A

refers to the mobilization or activation of energy that occurs in preparation or during actual behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Physiological Arousal

A

refers to those bodily changes that correspond to our feelings of being energized, such as sweaty palms and increased muscle tension, breathing, and heart rate.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Sympathetic Nervous System

A

responsible for arousing or preparing the body for action.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Parasympathetic nervous system

A

concerned with conserving the body’s energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Brain arousal

A

The activation of the brain, ranging from deep sleep to wakefulness to alertness.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Psychological Arousal

A

Refers to how subjectively aroused an individual feels.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Energenic Arousal

A

Is a dimension characterized by a range of feelings from tiredness and sleepiness at the low end to alert and awake in the high end.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Tense Arousal`

A

Is a dimension characterized by a range of feelings from calmness and stillness at the low end to tension and anxiety at the high end.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Collective Variables

A

Refers to collectively characteristics that include novelty , complexity, and incongruity.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Novel Stimulus

A

Is new and different type of stimuli to which a person has become accustomed.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Complexity Variable

A

Determined by the number of elements and dissimilarities of those elements in a stimulus array.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Incongruity Variable

A

Refers to the disparity between a single element in the stimulus array and other accompanying stimulus elements or previous elements.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Tasks

A

Arousal has also been linked to how much energy a person is willing to expend in order to successfully complete a task or attain an incentive.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Degree of Arousal or Energization

A

For getting ready to act is based on three factors:

1) The severity of the person’s need
2) The value of the incentive being pursued
3) The likelihood that successfully completing the behavior will actually result in the incentive.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Arousal-Performance Relationships

A

Personal introspection leads to conflicting conclusions about the relationship between arousal and performance efficiency.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Inverted-u arousal performance

A

as arousal increases, performance increases, levels off, and then decreases (Hebb, 1955; Malmo 1959).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Yerkes-Dodson law

A

Low arousal produces maximal performance on difficult tasks, and high arousal produces maximal performance on easy task

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Hull-Spence Theory

A

Arousal magnifies the intensity of all responses. In a simple task , arousal magnifies the dominant response, which is usually the correct one. Arousal of the dominant response in complex tasks is more likely to be the incorrect.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Cusp Catastrophe Model

A

performance efficiency is based on the interaction between physiological (somatic) anxiety and cognitive anxiety.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Arousal directs behavior in 3 ways

A
  1. Vigor 2. Persistance 3. effectiveness
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Arousal sources

A

Internal (hunger) External (pain)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

3 Categories of Arousal

A
  1. Physiological 2. Brain 3. Psychological
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Autonomic Nervous system

A

regulates the rate of physiological processes that keep the body going. (respiration digestion)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Stress definiton Seyle

A

A state manifested by the pattern of symptoms (responses) that characterizes the emotional fight flight reaction.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Strain

A

occurs when resources are not adequate for a person to achieve positive events or to avoid or escape negative events

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Strain results from losing a relationship, accident or being able to fight off germs

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Coping

A

behavior that is motivated to meet lifes demands and their consequences.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What are hormones responsible for?j

A

physiological symptoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Adrenaline

A

Hormone that prepares the body for the fight or flight response by causing the heart to pump faster, opening air passages to the lungs to provide more oxygen to muslces…….

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Cortisol

A

stress hormone, stimulates the release of glucose into the bloodstream that provides the energy necessary for any fight or flight response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Wood Study 2007

A

computer games 72 percent said helped boredom or relieve stress.

32
Q

Cormorbidity

A

refer to the association between psychological distress, on the one hand, and the use of illicit drugs on the other (PTSD)

33
Q

Comfort food

A

relieves our physiological and psychological distress.

34
Q

Rose et al

A

ppl with higher levels of depression ate chocolate more frequently and ate larger servings

35
Q

Lua and Wong

A

Eating dark chocolate for 3 days reduced anxiety, depression and stress ratings

36
Q

Stressors

A

Demands that are not dealt with effectively.

37
Q

Eustress

A

physiological arousal the resulted from positive events

38
Q

Distress

A

occurs when arousal is too low or too high

39
Q

Same domain effect

A

Negative events produce distress and reduce the quallity of life. Positive events increase positive feelings and increase the quality of life.

40
Q

Preparatory response hypothesis

A

a signal receding a biologically relevant event allows the organism to prepare for that event

41
Q

Saftey hypothesis

A

Maintains that it is crucial to distinguish safe intervals when shock is not being delivered from unsafe intervals when it is

42
Q

Objective measures

A

the degree of adjustment already has an assigned value.

43
Q

Subjective measures

A

Individuals assign their own value to the degree of adjustment

44
Q

Life Change Unit

A

Dgree of adjustment necessary to cope with life changes

45
Q

Life change research

A

Events of our life influence our susceptibility to physical and mental illness

46
Q

Social readjustment rating scale (Holmes and Rahe)

A

List of stressful events (degree of stressfulness of different life changes

47
Q

What is the correlation between these changes and incidence of illness?

A

Life changes cluster before onset of illness. Increase in LCU associated with increase probability of illness. Correlations are small 1.5-2.0

48
Q

Holmes and Masuda

A

2 years on SRS scale

49
Q

Preparatory response Hypothesis

A

states that a signal preceding a biologically relevant event allows the organism to prepare for that event

50
Q

Psychophysiological or psychosomatic disorders

A

asthma headaches hypertension, and heart disease

51
Q

Psychoneuroimmunology

A

the science that studies the relationship among stressors, the bodys immune system and disease

52
Q

cytokines

A

cells in the immune system

53
Q

open window hypothesis

A

a few hours after strenuous exercise the immune system is suppressed and allows and open window for a virus or bacteria to invade and infect the body.

54
Q

Moderator variables

A

characteristic of the environment or of the person that alter the relationship or less vulnerable to life events

55
Q

Primary appraisal

A

potential event is evaluated as to whether or not it is relevant, benign, positive, or stressfull.

56
Q

Secondary appraisal

A

what strategies can meet the demands of life events

57
Q

Problem-focused coping

A

involves trying to identify the problem more clearly and consider potential solutions

58
Q

Emotion-focused coping

A

Managing the negative reactions of the accompanying stress

59
Q

Emotion focused coping strategies

A

Wishful thinking, distancing, emphasizing the positive, self-blame, tension reduction, self isolations

60
Q

Wishful thinking

A

desire that the problem would somehow go away or that the person would feel differently about it

61
Q

Distance

A

bidings ones time before doing anything or trying to forget the problem

62
Q

emphasizing the positive

A

interpreting the problem in a positive light

63
Q

Self-blame

A

A way of coping refers to the realization that you are responsible for your actions and their consequences.

64
Q

Tension reduction

A

things that make a person feel better. Drugs eating jogging

65
Q

self Isolation

A

keep other people ignorant of their problems or avoid people in general

66
Q

Hardiness

A

Personality trait composed of three characteristics: Control commitment and challenge

67
Q

Charcteristics of stress

A

Physical (cold Psychological (boredom) Maladaptive Taking drugs

68
Q

Tonic Immobility

A

Refers to behavioral paralysis, unresponsiveness to pain and feigning death.

69
Q

Cue Utilization Hypothesis

A

The amount of information utilized in the situation declines as arousal increases.

70
Q

Cool memory system (hippocampus)

A

Works best under moderate arousal

71
Q

Hot memory system (amygdale)

A

Works best under high arousal

72
Q

Trait anxiety

A

Is an individual difference variable to respond negatively and with worry to the environment in general.

73
Q

State anxiety

A

Refers to feelings of apprehension activated by a particular situation .

74
Q

Processing efficiency theory definition

A

State anxiety - specially in Math - expresses itself as worry, which takes up working memory capacity. So the efficiency on solving math problems declines.

75
Q

Optimal level of stimulation theory

A

One postulate of this theory is that every person has an optimal (best) level of stimulation and arousal that is associated with the highest positive affective valence.

76
Q

Hedonic reversal

A

Repeated exposure to unpleasant stimuli at weak intensities eventually evokes positive affect

77
Q

Sensory Depravation

A

Is a way of creating extremely low levels of stimulation

Chapter 6 and 7 (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions