deck_5340956 Flashcards
Why know improvised explosives?
-Reduce signature-For procurement of explosives-In conduct of sabotage and subversion
Define a chemical explosion.
A very rapid, self-propagating, Energy Releasing decomposition, releasing high volumes of highly heated gasses that exert pressure.
What does DDT stand for and what does it mean?
Deflagration to Detonation Transition, when a burn turns into a boom.
Black smoke?
Lacking oxygen
Colorless smoke?
1:1 ratio, balanced
Reddish orange or white smoke?
Too much oxygen
Define HME
An explosive that is not produced by conventional military or commercial manufacturing methods.
Define hygroscopic
The ability of a substance to absorb water
Define Phlegmatize
To reduce the sensitivity of an explosive.
Define precipitate
An insoluble solid that is formed during a chemical reaction in solution.
Define Nitration
A process of the introduction of a nitro group into a compound
Define slurry
A mixture of insoluble matter
Define TNT equilivence
Another word for RE factor
What is energetic material?
An explosive
Define hyperbolic mixture
An oxidizing agent and a fuel that ignite instantly upon contact
Define sublimation
A process where a solid is converted directly to a gas and back to a solid(TATP->DATP)
What is tinder?
Makes chemicals more sensitive to ignition
Three criteria to make and employ HME
AccessKnowledgeOpportunity
Define MSDS
Material Safety Data Sheet
Where in MSDS is emergency contact info?
Section 1
Colors and meanings of the fire diamond?
Red- FlamabilityYellow- InstabilityBlue- Health hazardsWhite- Special fire fighting measures/hazards
Name five HME Primary’s
Triacetone triperoxide (TATP)HMTD (Hexamine…)Lead AzideMethyl Ethyl Ketone Peroxide (MEKP)Mercury FulminateSilver Fulminate, Azide and AcetylideLead PicrateLead Styphnate
What goes into TATP
AcetoneHydrogen Peroxide (18%)Sulfuric Acid
Improvised TATP ingredients?
Acetone, soft swim (HP, 18%), liquid fire(SA)
Ingredients of HMTD
Hexamethylene Triperoxide Diamine,Hexamine, HP, Citrix Acid
Exothermic?
Sheds heat
Endothermic?
Develops heat
HMTD temp must not exceed:
35 degrees Celsius
Name 6 secondary explosives
PETNETNRDXNGEGDNUrea NitrateNitromethanePoor mans C4(Potassium Chlorate and Sugar)FOX mixtures
What is the most efficient use of nitric acid?
PETN
What makes RDX?
Nitric Acid and Hexamine,But it’s a poor use of NA
What is HME sensitive to?
HeatShockPressureFrictionElectrostatic discharge
Field ID of HP?
-Drip onto rust and watch for fizzing-Add a few drops of chlorine bleach and watch for vigorous fizzing
Field ID of NA?
Drip some on copper and watch for red fumes
Field ID of AN?
Soluble in water and gets cold when dissolved
Field ID of Sulfuric Acid
Turns paper blackMakes water hot
Field disposal of precursors?
Dilution is the Solution to Pollution. Wash it away.
Define an incendiary system
A group of components assembled to start a fire
Easy incendiary igniter?
Potassium Chlorate and sugar, 3:2 by volume
Nitrate Black Powder?
Potassium Nitrate, Charcoal, Sulfur6:4:1
Incendiary main charge?
Sawdust/WaxFerric Iron Oxide/AL powderAlice Mix (AL Powder, Plaster of Paris, Water; 3:5:4 by volumes, 1:1:1 by weight)
Chemical fire bottle?
3/4 full of Gas,Full remaining with NA, AAA(!!)Cap tightly. Will get hot, just let it vent.NeutralizePrep igniter (pref. Potassium chlor., sugar)Place igniter in package secured to bottleThrow
Molotov cocktail?
1/3 oil, 2/3 gas, cloth, tip, light, sidearm
Who gives authorization to lay booby traps?
Army level or higher commanders
What must booby traps be recorded on?
DA 1355-1-R
Components of a booby trap
InitiatorBoosterMain charge
