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Question 1

Active Transport

Answer 1

Movement of molecules across a cell membrane from Low concentration to High concentration

Question 2

Difusion

Answer 2

The spreading of a substance from region of high concentration to a region of low conctration

Question 3

Extracellular Fluid

Answer 3

All body fluid outside the cells.

E.g. blood plamsa, cranial fluid. In Humans about 33% of the total fluid

Question 4

partially permeable

Answer 4

Something that will allow only certain molecules or ions to pass through it

Question 5

Solute

Answer 5

Substance that is disolved in a solvent

e.g. salt in sea water

Question 6

Cell Membrane

Answer 6

Membran surroundin the cytoplasm of living cells, physically separating the intracellular component from its environment

Question 7

Endocytosis

Answer 7

Process by which cells absorb molecules by engulfing them

(energy using process required because proteins etc can’t move Copythrough the cell wall.)

Question 8

Facilitated diffusion

Answer 8

Process of spontaneous passive transport of molecules/ions across a cell membrane.

(Different to Active Transport, and uses specific proteing gateways)

Question 9

Osmosis

Answer 9

Spontaneous movement of solvent through a semipermeable membrane into a region of higher solute concentraion in a way that equalises the solute concentrations

i.e. Movement of Water from low salt solution into the egg (when it has more salt)

Question 10

Phospholipids

Answer 10

Class of Lipids that make up cell membranes

Can form lipid bilayers

Question 11

Solvent

Answer 11

A substance that disolves a solute

e.g. Water in sea water

Question 12

Cholesterol

Answer 12

Orgainic molecule which is essential structural part of cell wall

Cholesterol enables animal cells to

1. not need a cell wall (like plants & bacteria) to protect membrane integrity/cell-viability and thus be able to
2. change shape and
3. move about (unlike bacteria and plant cells which are restricted by their cell walls).

Question 13

Exocytosis

Answer 13

Process by which cells excrete molecules by extruding them.

Consumes energy and is different to diffusion methods