deck_14955192 Flashcards
Nurse Lucia is providing breast cancer education at a community facility. The American Cancer Society recommends that women get mammograms:A.yearly after age 40.B after the birth of the first child and every 2 years thereafter.C after the first menstrual period and annually thereafter.every 3 years between ages 20 and 40 and annually thereafter.
A. The American Cancer Society recommends a mammogram yearly for women over age 40. The other statements are incorrect. It’s recommended that women between ages 20 and 40 have a professional breast examination (not a mammogram) every 3 years.
Breast Cancer is most likely to spread to your ____________area.A FaceB StomachC. UnderarmD Leg
C. Underarm
A client with breast cancer is returned to the room following a right total mastectomy. The nurse should: A.Elevate the client’s right arm on pillowsB Place the client’s right arm in a dependent slingC Keep the client’s right arm on the bed beside herD Place the client’s right arm across her body
A. A total mastectomy involves removal of the entire breast and some or all of the axillary lymph nodes. Following surgery, the client’s right arm should be elevated on pillows, to facilitate lymph drainage. Other options are incorrect because they would not help facilitate lymph drainage and would create increased edema in the affected extremity.
Nina, an oncology nurse educator is speaking to a women’s group about breast cancer. Questions and comments from the audience reveal a misunderstanding of some aspects of the disease. Various members of the audience have made all of the following statements. Which one is accurate?A Mammography is the most reliable method for detecting breast cancer.B Breast cancer is the leading killer of women of childbearing age.C Breast cancer requires a mastectomy.D Men can develop breast cancer.
D. Men can develop breast cancer, although they seldom do. The most reliable method for detecting breast cancer is monthly self-examination, not mammography. Lung cancer causes more deaths than breast cancer in women of all ages. A mastectomy may not be required if the tumor is small, confined, and in an early stage.
What is Breast Cancer?A A tumor that developes in the breast areaB A very common disease among womenC A deadly diseaseD. All of the above
D. All of the above
Jeovina, with advanced breast cancer is prescribed tamoxifen (Nolvadex). When teaching the client about this drug, the nurse should emphasize the importance of reporting which adverse reaction immediately?A.Vision changesB Hearing lossC HeadacheD Anorexia
A.Vision changes The client must report changes in visual acuity immediately because this adverse effect may be irreversible. Tamoxifen isn’t associated with hearing loss. Although the drug may cause anorexia, headache, and hot flashes, the client need not report these adverse effects immediately because they don’t warrant a change in therapy.
What is a symptom of Breast Cancer?A Itchy throatB. Lump in underarm or breast area.C Pain in the arm
B. Lump in underarm or breast area.
A 37-year-old client with uterine cancer asks the nurse, “Which is the most common type of cancer in women?” The nurse replies that it’s breast cancer. Which type of cancer causes the most deaths in women? A.Breast cancerB. Lung cancerC Brain cancerD Colon and rectal cancer
B. Lung Cancer Lung cancer is the most deadly type of cancer in both women and men. Breast cancer ranks second in women, followed (in descending order) by colon and rectal cancer, pancreatic cancer, ovarian cancer, uterine cancer, lymphoma, leukemia, liver cancer, brain cancer, stomach cancer, and multiple myeloma.
A female client is receiving chemotherapy to treat breast cancer. Which assessment finding indicates a fluid and electrolyte imbalance induced by chemotherapy?A Urine output of 400 ml in 8 hoursB Serum potassium level of 3.6 mEq/LC Blood pressure of 120/64 to 130/72 mm HgD.Dry oral mucous membranes and cracked lips
D.Dry oral mucous membranes and cracked lips Chemotherapy commonly causes nausea and vomiting, which may lead to fluid and electrolyte imbalances. Signs of fluid loss include dry oral mucous membranes, cracked lips, decreased urine output (less than 40 ml/hour), abnormally low blood pressure, and a serum potassium level below 3.5 mEq/L.
The nurse is teaching the client about breast self-examination. Which observation should the client be taught to recognize when doing the examination for detection of breast cancer?A.tender, movable lumpB pain on breast self-examinationC round, well-defined lumpD. dimpling of the breast tissue
D. dimpling of the breast tissueThe tumor infiltrates nearby tissue, it can cause retraction of the overlying skin and create a dimpling appearance.
Ductal lavage is used forA women at higher risk for benign proliferative breast disease.B women at low risk for breast cancer.C screening women over age 65.D women with breast implants.
A. Women at higher risk for benign proliferative breast disease Performed in the doctor’s office, a microcatheter is inserted through the nipple while instilling saline and retrieving the fluid for analysis. It has been shown to identify atypical cells in this population and has been found to be adept at detecting cellular changes within the breast tissue.
A 52 yr-old female tells the nurse that she has found a painless lump in her right breast during her monthly self-examination. Which assessment finding would strongly suggest that this client’s lump is cancerous?A eversion of the right nipple and a mobile massB nonmobile mass with irregular edgesC mobile mass that is oft and easily delineatedD nonpalpable right axillary lymph nodes
B. nonmobile mass with irregular edgesBreast cancer tumors are fixed, hard, and poorly delineated with irregular edges. Nipple retraction —not eversion—may be a sign of cancer. A mobile mass that is soft and easily delineated is most often a fluid-filled benigned cyst. Axillary lymph nodes may or may not be palpable on initial detection of a cancerous mass.
A client receiving chemotherapy for breast cancer has an order for Zofran (ondansetron) 8mg PO to be given 30 minutes before induction of the chemotherapy. The purpose of the medication is to: A Prevent anemiaB Promote relaxationC.Prevent nauseaD Increase neutrophil counts
C. Zofran is given before chemotherapy to prevent nausea. Answers A, B, and D are not associated with the medication; therefore, they are incorrect.
Nurse April is teaching a group of women to perform breast self-examination. The nurse should explain that the purpose of performing the examination is to discover:A.cancerous lumps.B areas of thickness or fullness.C.changes from previous self-examinations.D fibrocystic masses.
C. Women are instructed to examine themselves to discover changes that have occurred in the breast. Only a physician can diagnose lumps that are cancerous, areas of thickness or fullness that signal the presence of a malignancy, or masses that are fibrocystic as opposed to malignant.
A male client with a nagging cough makes an appointment to see the physician after reading that this symptom is one of the seven warning signs of cancer. What is another warning sign of cancer?A Persistent nauseaB RashC IndigestionD Chronic ache or pain
C. Indigestion, or difficulty swallowing, is one of the seven warning signs of cancer. The other six are a change in bowel or bladder habits, a sore that does not heal, unusual bleeding or discharge, a thickening or lump in the breast or elsewhere, an obvious change in a wart or mole, and a nagging cough or hoarseness. Persistent nausea may signal stomach cancer but isn’t one of the seven major warning signs. Rash and chronic ache or pain seldom indicate cancer.
