DECK ONE Flashcards
To design or organize something so that it is suitable for a particular purpose, situation, or group of people.
Most public places are simply not ……….. the needs of people with disabilities.
These advertisements are ………. a younger audience.
The workshops are ……….. helping people to become more employable.
gear something to/towards someone/something
phrasal verb with gear verb
UK /ɡɪər/ US /ɡɪr/
https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/gear-to-towards
The Russian economy is geared increasingly towards war.
Having enough skills and abilities for someone to employ you. If so, you are…
Computer skills make you far more …
employable
adjective
UK /ɪmˈplɔɪ.ə.bəl/ US /ɪmˈplɔɪ.ə.bəl/
To spoil something or make it weaker so that it is less effective.
Cutting off Russian access to semiconductor technology from the West would ………… their ability to manufacture precision-guided weapons.
Lack of sleep ………. her ability to think clearly.
impair
verb [ T ]
UK /ɪmˈpeər/ US /ɪmˈper/
to damage or weaken
To have someone or something as the main or most important interest or subject.
The conversation ……….. childcare problems.
His whole life ………. homebrewing.
revolve around someone/something
phrasal verb
UK /rɪˈvɒlv/ US /rɪˈvɑːlv/
Concentrate on
Focus on
Making you feel slightly frightened or worried about your ability to achieve something.
The prospect of climbing Mount Everest can be quite …………, even for experienced mountaineers.
Starting a new job can be a ………. experience.
Public speaking can be a ……. .challenge.
The massive stack of paperwork on her desk seemed ……., but she tackled it one task at a time.
Synonim
intimidating
daunting
adjective
UK /ˈdɔːn.tɪŋ/ US /ˈdɑːn.t̬ɪŋ/
https://dictionary.cambridge.org/pl/dictionary/english/daunting
Not certain.
The quality of the product is ……… based on customer reviews.
The ……… decision led to a debate among the committee members.
disputable
adjective
US /dɪˈspjuː.t̬ə.bəl/
indisputable = undeniable
adjective
/ˌʌndɪˈnaɪəbl/
CHANGE DIRECTION
It typically means to change the direction or course of something, often to avoid a particular path or situation. It can refer to redirecting resources, attention, or traffic, among other things.
The flight had to ……..to another airport due to bad weather.
The administration had to …….funds from the defense budget to education.
divert
verb [ T ]
US /dɪˈvɝːt/
Coming or likely to happen very soon. Coming or approaching.
An …. event could be even anticipated or expected.
…disaster/danger/risk
A rainstorm is …… today
The …. release of the highly anticipated movie generated excitement among fans.
The …….. retirement of the CEO led to speculation about the company’s future direction.
imminent
adjective
US /ˈɪm.ə.nənt/
imminently
New initiatives will be announced by the government imminently, according to reports.
imminence
Something that must exist or happen before something else can exist or happen. Precondition.
Public support is a ……… for the success of this project.
prerequisite
noun [ C ] formal
US /ˌpriːˈrek.wə.zɪt/
Having many different skills or uses.
adaptable
flexible
all-purpose
versatile
adjective
UK /ˈvɜː.sə.taɪl/ US /ˈvɝː.sə.t̬əl/
He’s a very versatile young actor who’s as happy in highbrow dramas as he is in TV comedies.
Teachers have to be versatile to cope with different ability levels.
Relating to or characteristic of a whole group or class : GENERAL
“Romantic comedy” is the ….. term for such films.
generic
adjective
US /dʒəˈner.ɪk/
Synonyms: poor, disadvantaged, needy, in need.
These people are desperate and ………… hope.
deprived
be deprived of something - być pozbawionym czegoś
adjective
US /dɪˈpraɪvd/
Civilian industries are being deprived of resources, and those resources are being funneled into military production.
deprived child = dziecko z ubogiej rodziny
deprived area = ubogi rejon, zubożały obszar
A process in which you steadily reduce the strength of an enemy by continually attacking them.
Any gradual weakening,
The act of rubbing against something.
attrition
US (əˈtrɪʃən)
NOUN
We’re using sanctions much more as a weapon of economic attrition.
Hold back, keep.
If you ….. from something, usually something you want to do, you deliberately do not do it.
If you ……. during a vote, you do not use your vote.
…… from sex or use condoms.
abstain
verb [ I ]
US /æbˈsteɪn/
He took a vow to abstain from alcohol/smoking/sex.
To some degree.
She was known for being …. of a strange character.
His reply to my question was …. ambiguous.
somewhat
adverb formal
US /ˈsʌm.wɑːt/
Favorable (adj) favorably (adverb)
Supportive
Providing the right conditions for something to happen or exist.
A quiet room is a more …………. atmosphere for studying.
conducive
adjective
US /kənˈduː.sɪv/
A quiet room is a more conducive atmosphere for studying.
The Scrum Master should be highly committed to ensure that the Scrum Team is provided with a conducive work environment to ensure the successful delivery of Scrum projects.
To watch or organize a job or an activity to make certain that it is being done correctly.
manage
supervise
We’ve just appointed a coordinator who will ………. the whole project.
oversee
verb [ T ]
US /ˌoʊ.vɚˈsiː/
present participle overseeing
past tense oversaw
past participle overseen
As marketing manager, her job is to oversee all the company’s advertising.
Approaching
In the pipeline
Being planned.
Coming.
upcoming
adjective [ before noun ]
US /ˈʌpˌkʌm.ɪŋ/
Check the website for a calendar of upcoming events.
Praising or expressing admiration for someone.
Flattering.
Our guests said some very ……….. things about the meal I’d cooked.
complimentary
adjective
US /ˌkɑːm.pləˈmen.t̬ɚ.i/
The reviews of his latest film have been highly complimentary.
https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/complimentary
Change things to make it fairer or equal.
Redress the balance.
to judge an individual broadly and unfairly based on very few factors.
Put someone in a box
to be very careful not to offend or upset someone
walk/be on eggshells
idiom
If you’re sick you don’t want people treating you differently, and you really don’t want people walking on eggshells around you
To include different types of things.
cover
embrace
include
involve
comprise
encompass
verb [ T ] formal
/ɪnˈkʌm.pəs/
combined with something
couple something with something
US/ˈkʌp·əl/
Is that hampering the impact of these sanctions because they can’t be coupled with a goal that the West is working towards?
make sth difficult
hamper
verb [ T ]
US /ˈhæm·pər/
High winds hampered efforts to put out the fire.
most secret and hidden
innermost
adjective [ before noun ]
US /ˈɪn.ɚ.moʊst/
opposite: outermost
This was the diary in which Gina recorded her innermost thoughts and secrets.
The second, non-trivial consideration is that the innermost SUMX computes Sales…
najskrytszy
położony najbliżej środka - oficjalnie
outermost regions
Consistent with
In line with
Coherent with
I can help in ……. our team’s goals with the company’s overall mission,
Aligned (with)
adjective
US /əˈlaɪnd/
Our business model will become more aligned with the needs of our customers.
I can help in aligning our team’s goals with the company’s overall mission,
In a way that is good or good enough for a particular need or purpose.
I’m sure these problems can be satisfactorily resolved.
The work had been done satisfactorily.
satisfactorily
adverb
US /ˌsæt̬.ɪsˈfæk.tɚ.əl.i/
satisfactory
adjective
US /ˌsæt̬.ɪsˈfæk.tɚ.i/
Able to be made, done, or achieved.
doable
viable
workable
Feasible
adjective
US /ˈfiː.zə.bəl/
With the extra resources, the project now seems feasible.
Imagine
Visualize
Picture
Conceive
When they hear about the show a lot of people …….. something outrageous.
She could …….. the finished painting in her mind before even touching the canvas.
envision
verb [ T ] US
US /ɪnˈvɪʒ.ən/
It’s hard to envision a world without the internet in this day and age.
Can you envision a more sustainable way of living in the future?
to throw away or get rid of something because you no longer want it
reject
refuse
turn down
Cut the melon in half and …… the seeds.
discard
verb
US /dɪˈskɑːrd/
Publicly available information
openly viewable information
To come together in a single place, or bring people or things together in a single group.
Gather
Join (furniture)
assemble
verb
US /əˈsembl/
To assemble data (gather)
We assembled in the meeting room for the meeting.
Furniture that is easy to assemble
Permission.
Approval.
consent
noun
US /kənˈsent/
They can’t publish your name without your consent.
Patients must be informed of the risks of the surgery and give their informed consent.
randomly
by chance
I met him by chance at the bus station.
Do you have by chance a cell phone charger?
arbitrarily
adverb
US /ˌɑːr.bəˈtrer.əl.i/
However, in order to avoid issues with arbitrarily shaped filters, KEEPFILTERS is helpful.
in order to be used or looked at some time in the future
I keep important emails in separate folders for …….
For future reference
For future reference, jeans are not considered acceptable office wear.
I keep important emails in separate folders for future reference.
occasionally
sometimes
at times
In a way that happens repeatedly.
Regularly.
Constantly.
I …. tell my son I love him.
continually
adverb
US /kənˈtɪn.ju.ə.li/
The teacher was angry because a student continually interrupted him during the lesson.
To help make something or someone more complete or effective.
“Strawberries and cream are a perfect pairing.”
“Strawberries and cream go hand in hand beautifully.”
“Strawberries and cream harmonize perfectly.”
The data from the two studies … each other, providing a comprehensive view.”
His skills in evaluation …. his expertise in data analysing.
complement
verb [ T ]
US /ˈkɑːm.plə.ment/
Note:
Do not confuse with compliment.
I take it as a compliment (= I am pleased) when people say I look like my mother
The data from the two studies complement each other, providing a comprehensive view.”
His skills in evaluation complement his expertise in data analysing.
MISTAKE
RESPONSIBILITY
(responsibility for a job or activity and for making sure it is being done correctly)
oversight
noun
US /ˈoʊ.vɚ.saɪt/
Because of a bank oversight, i received 400 dollars.
Who has oversight that project?
work simultanisly
work in parallel
A person or a newspaper that expresses the opinions of others.
This newspaper is just a Republican ……… .
mouthpiece
noun [ C ]
US /ˈmɑʊθˌpis/
The judiciary and public media have been brought under greater control, with state-run television outlets essentially becoming government mouthpieces.
Used to describe an event or situation that happens at the same time as and/or is similar to another one
synonym of simultaneously
parallel
adjective
US /ˈper.ə.lel/
Work in parallel on that experiment
Parallel experiments are being conducted in Rome, Paris and London.
To choose someone officially for a job or responsibility.
appoint
verb
US /əˈpɔɪnt/
The role is also involved in appointing Scrum Masters for individual projects.
A date has been appointed for the election.
Something continues to be relevant without any changes or expiration.
Remain valid
The contract will remain valid for another year.
Your passport remains valid until the expiration date.
ON OUTSIDE
Relating to how people, situations, or things seem to be, rather than how they are inside.
outward
adjective
US /ˈaʊt.wɚd/
The outward appearance of the building has not changed at all in 200 years.
Come from
Derive from
Arise from
The conflict between us arose from my switching the career field.
The confusion among the team members arose from a lack of clear communication.
Her success in the field of science arose from her early passion for experimentation.
The word “etymology” derives from the Greek word “etymologia,” meaning the study of words.
In line with something
The company’s results are in line with stock market expectations.
In accordance with (a rule, law, wish)
Organizations should try to maximize the benefits that arise from change and minimize any negative impacts through diligent change management processes in accordance with the principles of Scrum
Not expected.
Over the course of the project the team met …. impediments.
unforeseen
adjective
US /ˌʌn.fɚˈsiːn/
unforeseen complications/difficulties/problems
Due to unforeseen circumstances the cost of the improvements has risen by 20 percent.
Unless there are any unforeseen problems the whole project should be finished by the spring.
to happen at or near the same time
to be the same or similar:
occur simultaneously
corresponds
coincide
verb [ I ]
US /ˌkoʊ.ɪnˈsaɪd/
If our schedules coincide, we’ll go to Spain together.
I timed my holiday to coincide with the children’s.
It refers to the quality of things sticking together or being united.
The team was very ………., working well together.
The musical album had a ………… theme throughout, with each song contributing to the overall story.
cohesive
adjective
kō-ˈhē-siv -ziv
cohesively
adverb
cohesiveness
noun
All actions planned for my field switch are cohesive and complement each other, adding value to the overall plan.
Their tribe is a small but cohesive group.
The team was very cohesive, working well together.
When making a cream sauce or soup, the addition of milk can help integrate the water and fat components, resulting in a cohesive and creamy texture.
We’ve got to eliminate those things and start playing cohesively.
Consistent, understandable.
Refers to something that is logical, clear. It often describes the quality of an argument, a piece of writing, or a speech that is easy to understand because its components fit together logically.
“The author’s argument was ……… and easy to follow.”
coherent
adjective
US /koʊˈhɪr.ənt/
He is able to speak coherently about politics.
To bring together a group of people for a meeting, or to meet for a meeting
convene
verb [ I or T ] formal
US /kənˈviːn/
convene a meeting/conference/hearing
An emergency board meeting was convened by the directors later that afternoon.
To take care of, feed, and protect someone or something, especially young children or plants, and help him, her, or it to develop.
RAISE is a synonym.
I didn’t raise you like that!
nurture
verb [ T ] formal
US /ˈnɝː.tʃɚ/
You are not born with the knowledge of how to nurture a plant, what’s more, how to nurture a child.
Upbringing (noun) a child is a challenging process that requires knowledge, commitment, and patience.
Adolescence is the most important time in I child’s upbringing.
Universal, comprehensive, catholic.
(of people) able to do many different things or to adjust to new conditions, or (of things) able to be used for many different purposes
He is a very … actor.
versatile
adjective
US /ˈvɝː.sə.t̬əl/
He is a very versatile actor.
We want all our staff to be versatile.
Teachers have to be versatile to cope with different ability levels.
To influence people’s opinion of a person, group, or organization.
Thinking about sth deeply and drawing conclusions from one’s thoughts and experiences.
Reflect on someone/something
The outstanding work of our scientists reflects well on the entire university
Ilya Sutskever, a prominent AI scientist behind ChatGPT, reflects on his founding vision and values.
Reflecting on his ideas today, amid a global debate over safety and regulation, we consider the opportunities as well as the consequences of AI technology
to remove something that is inside something else with a spoon
scoop something out
phrasal verb
US /skuːp/
Cut the tomato in half and scoop out the seeds.
In a way that is good or good enough for a particular need or purpose.
The mystery was never ….. explained.
The solution you proposed is … for solving that problem I guess.
She solved that issue … , I guess.
satisfactorily
adverb
US /ˌsæt̬.ɪsˈfæk.tɚ.əl.i/
She solved that issue satisfactorily, I guess.
Things seemed to be working out satisfactorily.
She doesn’t perform her tasks satisfactorily.
A box-shaped container, without a top, that is part of a piece of furniture.
drawer
(drołe)
noun
US /drɔːr/
To decide to achieve something.
To decide that you want something and to try very hard to get it
IDIOM
Jenny has ………. winning the competition.
She ………….. becoming the first woman president of the United States.
set your sights on something
Seeing the robbery unfold, the desperate employee tried to offer the monkey a banana in exchange for the money, but the thief obviously had its sights set high and rejected the offer
Although she came from a family of bankers, Fiona set her sights on a career in medicine.
The election in Poland has …….. the attention of the public from the country’s economic problems.
His storytelling skills were so captivating that they could …… anyone’s mind from their worries.
TAKE ATTENTION AWAY
to take someone’s attention away from something.
Open, develop
Seeing the robbery ……., the desperate employee tried to offer the monkey a banana in exchange for the money…
unfold
verb
US /ʌnˈfoʊld/
Events unfolded in a way that no one could have predicted.
Her journey of self-discovery continued to unfold as she explored new interests
Their friendship began to unfold as they spent more time together.
He unfolded the map to get a better view of the area.
The plot of the novel began to unfold, revealing unexpected twists.
a number of things that have been fastened or are held together
It took a seat in an office chair, then suddenly opened a drawer and took out a …… of notes/money/clothes/newspapers/books/sticks.
bundle
noun [ C ]
US /ˈbʌn.dəl/
How much asparagus shall I buy - a couple of bundles?
paczka, zawiniątko, plik, pakiet, tobołek, wiązka
acknowledge
We should… for her commitment to the job.”
give somebody credit
He was given credit for completing the work so quickly.
Beethoven was credited for writing that symphony.
If
You can keep that dog … you promise to feed it.
As long as
We’ll continue the project as long as we receive the necessary funding
…………. kids screaming, he was able to learn English
…………..the rain, they decide to go for a hike
Despite = In spite of
Despite + noun or gerund (the -ing form of a verb).
Despite the storm, they were intimate with each other.
Despite being pregnant, she can climb up the stairs.
In spite of the low temperatures during the winter, Moscow is always worth visiting.
Although
………… rains, they decide to go for a hike.
……….. I didn’t feel well, I decided to lick that ice cream
Even though
Even though they didn’t remember my birthday, they came with a visit
Even though a loud song was playing, he was able to learn.
Earlier, before, previously
Beforehand
adverb
US /bɪˈfɔːr.hænd/
She had phoned beforehand to let me know she was coming.
To fail to keep a promise, or to change a decision or agreement
I hope he will not go back on his decision and we will make that deal.
go back on something
phrasal verb
She’s gone back on her word and decided not to give me the job after all.
I took it for granted that
different points of view, and different beliefs.
The first thing that drew my attention was
Everyone attended a meeting with the exception of Carla.
It’s not in the company’s interests
some of us seem to have nothing in common with each other.
It is a bit of a surprise for me
even if you are striving to create a conducive workplace.
That’s why I’ve decided there is no point in retaking the meeting.
I took it for granted that my team would cooperate smoothly. I derive my belief from the Agile approach in which I immersed myself lately, completely forgetting about differences between people, different points of view, and different beliefs.
The first thing that drew my attention was the absence of some team members. Everyone attended a meeting with the exception of Carla. It’s not in the company’s interests to retake a meeting, in terms of potential costs concerning rental space.
The atmosphere in a team could be better, some of us seem to have nothing in common with each other. It is a bit of a surprise for me, especially from the perspective of recently conducted team-building activities, when everyone seemed to have found common ground.
In conclusion, sometimes people may not be fully honest with you, especially in a business environment, even if you are striving to create a conducive workplace.
That’s why I’ve decided there is no point in retaking the meeting.
Getting things done in a quick and practical way
The meeting was brief and ….
We hope the meeting can be conducted in a ………. way, without a lot of emotional statements.
businesslike
adjective
US /ˈbɪz.nɪs.laɪk/
She had a brisk and businesslike manner.
The CEO’s businesslike attitude contributed to the company’s success, fostering a culture of efficiency and accountability.
During the interview, she answered questions in a direct and businesslike manner, showcasing her skills and experience.
The email response was prompt and businesslike, addressing the customer’s concerns professionally.
The new manager introduced a more businesslike approach to workflow, streamlining processes for increased productivity.
To criticize
Why are you always … your manager?
bad-mouth
verb [ T ] informal (also badmouth)
US /ˈbæd.maʊθ/
Even though they don’t agree with each other, he decides not to badmouth her in front of family members.”
Despite their disagreement, he decided not to badmouth her.
Even if your last job was a real-life nightmare, you shouldn’t badmouth about it.
No one wants to hire an individual who bad-mouths a prior employer.
Make public, uncover, reveal, bring to light
The audit ………. widespread corruption in the accounting department.
They removed the poster to expose the original wall’s bricks.
Expose
verb [ T ]
US /ɪkˈspoʊz/
exposure = exposal - noun
under-exposed
over-exposed
There’s nothing worse in a job interview than being exposed that you are lying.
There’s nothing worse in a job interview than getting exposed as a liar.
Embarrassing details of their private life were exposed to the public.
This photograph was under-exposed .
Excessive exposure/exposal to the Sun may result in skin cancer.
to attract or please someone very much
He was ……. by her performance/voice.
Warm candlelight created an ………. atmosphere at the party.
The author used vivid language to enchant readers with the beauty of the enchanted forest.
The melody of the music and the warm candlelight created an enchanting atmosphere at the party.
We stumbled upon an enchanting little café in the heart of the city.
I was completely enchanted by the way she told stories.
Suffer, having an impact, often in a negative way
get to someone
phrasal verb with get verb
Workload: “The increasing workload is really getting to me. I feel overwhelmed.”
Personal Relationships: “The constant arguments with my friend are getting to me. I need some space.”
Noise: “The construction noise outside is really getting to us. It’s hard to concentrate.”
Financial Stress: “The financial challenges are getting to him. He’s been more stressed lately.”
Health Issues: “Dealing with the chronic pain is really getting to her. It’s affecting her mood.”
blend in with
adapt to
integrate with
fit in with
“She struggled to fit in with her new classmates after transferring to a different school.”
“It’s important for a manager to understand how to fit in with the team to foster a positive work environment.”
“He never felt like he could fit in with the corporate culture, so he decided to pursue a different career path.”
“The challenge for international students is often how to fit in with the local customs and traditions.”
“She found it difficult to fit in with the community at first, but over time, she became an integral part of the neighborhood.”
to attract and hold the attention or interest of someone, often in a charming or enchanting way
enchant is a synonym
His speech … the audience.
captivate
captivating
being captivated by someone, sth
verb [ T ]
US /ˈkæp.tə.veɪt/
His speech captivated the audience.
His eloquent storytelling skills never failed to captivate the children during storytime.
The novel’s captivating plot twists kept readers eagerly turning the pages until the very end.
The professor had a remarkable ability to captivate his students.
more important than anything else:
paramount
adjective [ not gradable ]
US /ˈpær·əˌmɑʊnt/
Everybody agrees that education is the paramount issue.
“I think it’s paramount that you and I understand each other clearly, leader to leader, with no misconceptions or miscommunication,” Biden told Xi as their talks got underway in a secluded estate south of San Francisco.
unusual or special and therefore surprising and worth mentioning
Exceptional, Noteworthy, Extraordinary, Impressive, Amazing
Eagles have … long-distance vision.
remarkable
adjective
US /rɪˈmɑːr.kə.bəl/
Meeting you here in Rome is a remarkable coincidence.
The team achieved remarkable success in a short period
Not taking into consideration all those excellent pieces of advice would spoil my efforts of having a meaningful and remarkable journey.
Come on, let’s go! We don’t wanna be late!
Hey Dan, I’m stuck in traffic but I’m on my way. I’ll be there in about 5 minutes.
I better run, I have a few more things to finish before the kids get out of school.
Ok everyone, it’s time to start winding down. Let’s put on PJs and brush our teeth!
After I make my to-do list, I whip up something to eat, usually scrambled eggs, toast, and fresh fruit.
compared with the fact that; but:
whereas
conjunction
US /werˈæz/
You eat a huge plate of food for lunch, whereas I have just a sandwich.
Forgetting of sth.
To forget about an important idea or fact because you are thinking too much about other things.
He seems to ……. of the fact that they are just kids and they need to play around, sometimes in a noisy manner.
lose sight of something
He seems to lose sight of the fact that they are just kids and they need to play around, sometimes in a noisy manner.
To my amazement, she lost sight of her ultimate goal of switching career paths.
We can’t lose sight of our main objectives.
It wasn’t his incapability of remembering the names of team members but rather explicit ignorance.
Submit
to give something to an authority or responsible person
He decided it was his last day at work and … his resignation.
hand in something
phrasal verb with hand verb [ T ]
Hand in resignation.
“The students were asked to hand in their essays at the end of the class.”
“I need to hand in my expense report to the finance department.”
“Could you please hand in your homework before leaving the classroom?”
misjudgment or mistake in estimating or planning
to calculate an amount wrongly
W. Putin thought he could win the war, and that was a horrible …………
miscalculate
verb [ I or T ]
US /mɪsˈkæl.kjə.leɪt/
Financial department miscalculated my salary.
The project manager realized they had miscalculated the time required for certain tasks.
He miscalculated badly when he underestimated the response of the international community to the invasion.
decisive is a synonym you can use every time
proving that something is true, or ending any doubt
term refers to something that provides a definite conclusion, settles an issue, or leaves no room for doubt
Example: The DNA analysis provided ….. proof of the genetic relationship between the individuals.
conclusive
adjective
US /kənˈkluː.sɪv/
The evidence against the two accused was inconclusive, so they were allowed to leave the courtroom
a conclusive argument
conclusive decision
Conclusive proof:
Example: The DNA analysis provided conclusive proof of the genetic relationship between the individuals.
Conclusive findings:
Example: The research team presented their conclusive findings on the effectiveness of the new drug.
It implies an intense and highly concentrated level of attention or concentration directed toward a specific task, goal, or topic. It’s often used to describe someone who is extremely focused and dedicated to a particular objective. For example:
“He had a ……. focus on completing the project ahead of schedule.”
Keep your ……. focus on your goals and remove everything that stands in your way.
laser focus on sth
Keep your laser focus on your goals and remove everything that stands in your way.
“He had a laser focus on completing the project ahead of schedule.”
“Her laser focus on her studies allowed her to excel in difficult subjects.”
“The team maintained a laser focus on customer satisfaction throughout the product development process.”
having a negative or harmful effect on something
It is clear that these violent films have an ………. effect on children.
adverse
adjective [ before noun ]
US /ædˈvɝːs/
“Adversely” is an adverb
“Adversity” is a noun
The road to happiness is paved with adversities.
adverse effect So far the drug is thought not to have any adverse effects.
adverse reaction I had an adverse reaction to the injection.
adverse conditions The match has been cancelled because of adverse conditions.
adverse weather The forecasters are expecting adverse weather for the next few days.
Lift or Move Upward:
Retrieve Information:
Arrive in a Vehicle:
Improve Performance:
It started to rain just as we ……… in front of the restaurant.
pull up
— phrasal verb with pull verb
pull over = park (a car)
pull off = start (a car) || to achieve sth.; pull off the deal
It started to rain just as we pulled up in front of the restaurant.
Lift or Move Upward:
“The pilot decided to pull up the aircraft to avoid colliding with the building.”
Retrieve Information:
“Can you please pull up the document on your computer?”
Arrive in a Vehicle:
“They will pull up in front of the house shortly.”
Improve Performance:
“The team needs to pull up their performance if they want to win the championship.”
to persuade someone not to do something:
Her teachers tried to ………. her …….. …….. it, often saying she was “setting her sights too high”.
talk someone out of something
phrasal verb with talk verb [ I ]
“I was trying to talk her out of the divorce.”
“I was trying to persuade/convince her against the divorce.”
Her teachers tried to talk her out of it, often saying she was “setting her sights too high”.
I wanted marry her but my brother talked me out of it
He felt completely ….. (relaxed)
at (your) ease
He was a seasoned performer, completely at his ease on the stage.
A good interviewer will know how to put you at your ease.
The act of forming or creating ideas, plans, or thoughts.
Imagine, come up with
One of my responsibilities revolved around …………. a strategy for my department.
She …….. a brilliant idea for the project.
conceive
verb
US /kənˈsiːv/
conceivable = imaginable =/= inconceivable
Books on every conceivable subject lined one wall.
Termination/closure of war is inconceivable at this point.
In the world of technology, advancements that were once inconceivable are now becoming a reality.
One of my responsibilities revolved around conceiving a strategy for my department.
Idea Formation:
“She conceived a brilliant idea for the project.”
“It’s hard to conceive a solution to this problem.”
Thoughts or Perceptions:
“It’s difficult for me to conceive of a world without technology.”
“He couldn’t conceive how anyone could be so careless.”
Creating a Plan:
“The team conceived a strategy to increase productivity.”
“They conceived a plan to tackle the issue.”
Imagining or Understanding:
“Can you conceive what it would be like to live in a different country?”
“I can’t conceive why he would make such a decision.”
I am a reliable employee; I …….
–> work on my tasks until they are finished
I am a reliable employee; I get the job done.”
Something that could happen or is not beyond the scope of what is conceivable or achievable. IDIOM.
Buying a new car is …… …. …… …. ……. if you save enough money over the next few months
Within the realm of possibility
[relm]
Buying a new car is within the realm of possibility if you save the money habitually.
Even though it’s a challenging project, completing it within the given timeframe is within the realm of possibility if we stay focused and work efficiently.
With proper planning and resources, expanding our business to international markets is within the realm of possibility.
With the current economic downturn, a significant salary increase is not within the realm of possibility for most employees this year.
SMEs
small and medium-sized enterprises
words or behaviour that give someone confidence to do something:
encouragement
noun [ C or U ]
US /ɪnˈkɝː.ɪdʒ.mənt/
/// encourage /// - verb
I could never have achieved this without the encouragement of my husband and family.
We give positive encouragement to a new employee.
They’ve always encouraged me in everything I’ve wanted to do.
something that causes growth or activity.
something that encourages growth or causes activity
incentive
Tax cuts are the classic ……. for a sluggish economy.
stimulus
noun [ C ]
US /ˈstɪm.jə.ləs/ – stimjules
plural stimuli UK/ˈstɪm.jʊ.laɪ/
fiscal stimulus
economic stimulus
monetary stimulus
Expressing a chance or likelihood; maybe.
We’ll …… have a picnic in the park if the weather remains sunny.
used with “can” or “could” for emphasis.
We did all that we …… could to persuade her to come.
possibly
adverb
US /ˈpɑː.sə.bli/
We’ll possibly have a picnic in the park if the weather remains sunny.
Try to conceive what you possibly can do in that situation.
We did all that we possibly could to persuade her to come.
Could you possibly get me an ice cream?
Expresses an observation or impression; suggests that something appears to be true based on available information.
It seems like…
It seems like everyone enjoyed the new movie that just came out.
It seems you love ketchup (she ate a lot of it).
Based on likelihood or a reasonable assumption.
The train is delayed, ….. due to the heavy snowfall in the area.
presumably
adverb
US /prɪˈzuː.mə.bli/
The train is delayed, presumably due to the heavy snowfall in the area.
They can presumably afford to buy a bigger apartment.
Presumably, he just forgot to send the letter.
Introducing a contrasting idea or situation.
She loves hot weather; …… , her sister prefers the cold
conversely
adverb
US /ˈkɒnvɜːsli/
Many companies believe in flexible work hours; conversely, some argue that strict office hours enhance productivity.
Proceed
After you master basic skills you can …. … … more advanced cases.
In lower-income economies children will .. … … look after their parents while they can no longer work.
Go on to
After you master basic skills you can go on to more advanced cases.
In lower income economies children will go on to look after their parents while they can no longer work.
Let’s go on to the next question.
A situation in which a price, etc. becomes lower, or a situation gets worse and is difficult to control because one bad event causes another.
moving towards a lower position, DOWN.
It is a …. ….., a runaway train of bad habits.
The Russian economy is on a …… …..
downward spiral
It is a downward spiral, a runaway train of bad habits.
We have to avoid the downward spiral in which unemployment leads to homelessness and then to crime.
The downward spiral of her career was distressing (upsetting) to witness.
So our predictions indicate a downward trend in revenues for 2Q.
You’d rather be outwardly oriented/focused rather than inwardly focused.
To persuade someone to do something. Cause.
nothing could …. me to climb a mountain / dive in the ocean.
Pills for seasickness often …. dizziness.
He will try to …. Thomas Edisson to give him a job.
induce
verb formal
UK /ɪnˈdjuːs/ US /ɪnˈduːs/
nothing could induce me to climb a mountain / dive in the ocean.
Pills for seasickness often induce dizziness.
Cue-induced wanting.
He will try to induce Thomas Edisson to give him a job.
Many times, I caught myself wandering away from the tasks I should have been committed to finishing.
Many times, I caught myself steering away from the tasks I should have been committed to finishing.”
Poor. Deprived.
Not having the standard of living conditions, education, etc. that most people have.
“The poor” refers to a specific group of economically ………… individuals.
I say, right now, we’ve been hugely …………..
“Children from deprived neighborhoods often face educational challenges.”
disadvantaged
adjective
US /ˌdɪs.ədˈvæn.t̬ɪdʒd/ /// Disedvanydż/////
“The poor” refers to a specific group of economically disadvantaged individuals.
I say, right now, we’ve been hugely disadvantaged.
A new educational programme has been set up for economically disadvantaged children.
“Programs are implemented to support economically disadvantaged individuals.”
the disadvantaged
people who do not have good living conditions, a good standard of education, etc., considered as a group:
These measures are intended to help the disadvantaged.
A strong commitment or dedication, often involving time, energy, or resources.
I’ve recently decided to ….. my Sundays TO spending time with my family.
Parents often …… themselves TO the well-being and happiness of their children
devote
verb
/diˈvəut/
I’ve recently decided to devote my Sundays TO spending time with my family.
I wish I hadn’t devoted my last 7 years to working for the City Council of Warsaw
You have no choice, you must devote your career TO our twins.
DEVOTE:
Time
Effort
Attention
Energy
Resources
Life
Career
To lack or be without something that is necessary or usual.
His voice was … of emotion.
He seems to be … of compassion.
devoid
adjective
UK /dɪˈvɔɪd/
His voice was devoid of emotion.
He seems to be devoid of compassion.
Devoid of purpose
Devoid of joy
Completely devoid of options.
Devoid of passion
Devoid of empathy
Devoid of intelligence
Devoid of creativity
Devoid of hope
Devoid of energy
Devoid of flavor
To obey or closely follow a rule, a standard, an agreement. To be in a line with sth.
To ……. to standard English grammar, you should include the indefinite article “an” before “enormous speed.”
adhere to sth
phrasal verb with adhere verb
UK /ədˈhɪər/ US
To adhere to standard English grammar, you should include the indefinite article “an” before “enormous speed.”
Children didn’t adhere to the sanatorium rules; therefore (and as a result), they were dismissed.
Maintain. To Keep Something Going or Continuous.
Nothing …… motivation better than belonging to the tribe.
Nothing …… economic growth better than internal consumption.
In order to ….. a healthy work-life balance, it’s essential to prioritize self-care and leisure activities.
sustain
verb [ T ]
US /səˈsteɪn/
Nothing sustain motivation better than belonging to the tribe.
Nothing sustain economic growth better than internal consumption.
In order to sustain a healthy work-life balance, it’s essential to prioritize self-care and leisure activities.
a disadvantage of a situation. Minus of situation.
The downside of this job is the lack of remote work. But the …. is they do not care if you work or not.
The ….. of living here, of course, is that it is expensive.
downside
noun
US /ˈdaʊn.saɪd/
The downside of this job is the lack of remote work. But the upside is they do not care if you work or not.
The downside of living here, of course, is that it is expensive.
for a period of time with no fixed end.
I can’t put up with // ENDURE// my boss’s fickle mood …… (unstable mood).
I am not going to wait for you … (w nieskoncoznosc).
indefinitely
adverb
US /ɪnˈdef.ən.ət.li/
I can’t put up with // ENDURE// my boss’s fickle mood indefinitely.
Fulfilling or meeting expectations.
The new software update …. … the user’s request for improved functionality.
Deliver on.
The company promised high-quality products, and they certainly delivered on that promise.
Democracies can deliver on the challenges that matter most to our people’s lives.
not based on facts
She assured me that my fears were ……
baseless
adjective formal
US /ˈbeɪs.ləs/
baseless accusations/allegations/rumors
She assured me that my fears were baseless.
Decided by.
Whether I get into college or not is …… on how good my grades are..
dependent
adjective
US /dɪˈpen.dənt/
Our success is dependent on everyone’s hard work.
Whether I get into college or not is dependent on how go
not thinking about or not interested in someone or something
Apathetic
Unconcerned
Disinterested
Detached
Why don’t you vote - how can you be so …….. .
indifferent
adjective
US /ɪnˈdɪf.ɚ.ənt/
indifferently
adverb
US /ɪnˈdɪf.ɚ.ənt.li/
Why don’t you vote - how can you be so indifferent.
“You can stay if you like,” she said indifferently.
in a careful and well-considered way that avoids risk.
Mom opened the door and ….. crept into the room.
She remains …… optimistic about the company’s future.
cautiously
adverb
UK /ˈkɔː.ʃəs.li/ US /ˈkɑː.ʃəs.li/
cautiously optimistic
She remains cautiously optimistic about the company’s future.
Mom opened the door and cautiously crept into the room.
(creep, crept, crept)
He’s a cautious driver.
reasonable, practical and pragmatic
It’s ……… to prioritize tasks and focus on the most critical aspects of the project.
sensible
adjective
US /ˈsen.sə.bəl/
Common sense (n).
It’s sensible to prioritize tasks and focus on the most critical aspects of the project.
It would be sensible to take an umbrella.
moving in a smooth, relaxed, attractive way, or having a smooth, attractive shape
Gracefull
Dance, movements, neck (shape of the neck could be graceful)
In her youth she was such a graceful dancer.
to refuse to do something that you are told to do:
The soldier …… the orders and was immediately discharged.
disobey
verb [ I or T ]
US /ˌdɪs.əˈbeɪ/
How dare you disobey me!
A disobedient (adj) child.
discharge somebody
zwolnić kogoś ze służby
My boss discharged me because I am too old.
If a situation or experience is …….. , it is so unpleasant or painful that it is almost impossible to bear. Synonym: intolerable (US /ɪnˈtɑː.lɚ.ə.bəl/)
… pain.
The atmosphere at work at the moment is almost …./unbearable.
The heat was ……./unbearable.
unendurable
adjective formal
US /ˌʌn.ɪnˈdʊr.ə.bəl/
unendurable pain
The atmosphere at work at the moment is almost unendurable/unbearable.
The heat was unendurable/unbearable.
Strongly advise
Urge
I would strongly urge you to set aside a day or two in every week for journaling.
many different types of things or people
They stock a wide …… of tools.
If you are looking for a bit of ….. in a bed, call Emma.
Most people like a bit of ….. in their work.
variety
noun
UK /vəˈraɪəti/ US
plural varieties
VARY (v), VARIOUS (adj)
They stock a wide variety of tools.
Most people like a bit of variety in their work.
Most people like a bit of variety in their work.
to stop something from succeeding
to cause a train to run off the tracks
That new regulation can completely ……. our efforts to complete the project on time and within the budget.
Investors are very concerned that a new crisis could ….. the economic recovery.
Analysts identified five factors that could ……. the hi-tech markets
derail
verb [ T ]
UK /dɪˈreɪl/ US
That new regulation can completely derail our efforts to complete the project on time and within the budget.
Investors are very concerned that a new crisis could derail the economic recovery.
Analysts identified five factors which could derail the hi-tech markets
According to my knowledge.
As far as I can tell … they gonna come here tomorrow.
Device.
domestic/kitchen/household …..
Appliance.
noun [ C ]
UK /əˈplaɪəns/ US
domestic/kitchen/household appliances
to make a problem or difficult situation worse.
spotegowac
His financial problems were … when he unexpectedly lost his job.
Severe drought has …. food shortages in the region.
Continuous learning and skill-building can lead to ……. gains in career opportunities and professional growth.
The company’s strategic decision to reinvest a portion of its profits back into the business resulted in ……. gains and long-term sustainability.
compound
verb
US UK /kəmˈpaʊnd/
compound verb (WORSEN)
COMPOUND GAINS - refers to the cumulative growth or increase in gains.
In general, “compound gains” emphasizes the idea of gains growing or accumulating through a compounding process.
The company’s strategic decision to reinvest a portion of its profits back into the business resulted in compound gains and long-term sustainability.
Continuous learning and skill-building can lead to compound gains in career opportunities and professional growth.
His financial problems were compounded when he unexpectedly lost his job.
Severe drought has compounded food shortages in the region.
Don’t let losses eat into your compounding.
Compounding: In the context of finance, compounding refers to the process where the earnings on an investment, both capital gains and interest, earn interest as time goes on. It’s a snowball effect that can lead to exponential growth.
It emphasizes the importance of having a strategy to handle losses and staying focused on the long-term goal of allowing your investments to grow over time through the compounding effect.
to eat a meal in a restaurant and then leave without paying:
Not everyone has an opportunity to …. with the president.
Dine and dash
Not everyone has an opportunity to dine with the president. (Nie każdy ma okazję zjeść obiad z prezydentem.)
A good (goods plural), merchandise - towar.
a substance or a product that can be traded in large quantities, such as oil, metals, grain, coffee, etc.
anything that can be bought or sold
Data has enormous power. It is the most sought after and expensive ……. in the world.
commodity - towar
goods/commodity/merchandises and services
noun [ C ]
UK /kəˈmɒdəti/ US - kamadidti
Data has enormous power. It is the most so
Be contradicotry.
These ideas are contradictory to each other.
Goals … … … with long-term progress.
Be at odds.
Her version was at odds with the police report.
Goals are at odds with long-term progress.
Focused attention, often with the implication of commitment and determination.
To concentrate on something with great attention.
“During the meeting, we need to … ….. on the key issues and make decisions.”
“It’s important to … …. on your priorities to achieve success in your career.”
“I’m completely …. … on this project.”
Lock in on // Dialed in
“During the meeting, we need to lock in on the key issues and make decisions.”
“It’s important to lock in on your priorities to achieve success in your career.”
“The player locked in on the basket and made a perfect shot.”
Dialed in:
“I’m completely dialed in on this project.”
“She’s dialed in and ready for the competition.”
Lock in on:
“It’s time to lock in on our objectives for the quarter.”
“The team needs to lock in on the game plan.”
informal
to force a lot of things into a small space. LEARN QUICKLY.
in some cases you can use it interchangably with: “fill to the brim” - (brim - brzeg szklanki)
You will face attention overload if you want to …. so many actions at once.
Eight children were …. into the back of the car.
She’s ….. for her history exam.
Cram
You will face attention overload if you want to cram so many actions at once.
Eight children were crammed into the back of the car.
She’s cramming for her history exam.
as a result of a routine or established practice.
I reached for my phone … .. … ….. of checking messages in the morning.”
I started working two jobs out of necessity to cover my expenses.
Out of the habit - habitually.
Out of necessity - because the situation forced me to do that.
I reached for my phone out of the habit of checking messages in the morning.
to sit down on your heels:
We …… …… around the campfire, toasting marshmallows.
It took him a long time to ….. …… and propose to her.
I’m gonna …. …….. at my present job for a while, and start applying for a new role next year. (“stay in shelter”)
In a business context, it typically means to prepare for a difficult or challenging period by taking protective measures or becoming more conservative in one’s approach.
hunker down
phrasal verb with hunker verb
US /ˈhʌŋ.kɚ/
to sit down on your heels:
We hunkered down around the campfire, toasting marshmallows.
I’m gonna hunker down at my present job for a while, and start applying for a new role next year
It took him a long time to hunker down and propose to her.
A company might hunker down during an economic recession by reducing unnecessary expenditures, streamlining operations, and concentrating on core business functions to ensure survival during challenging times.
Significant
Important
Substantial
Meaningful
Noteworthy
Creating most value
Consequential
adjective
US /ˌkɑːn.səˈkwən.ʃəl/
Decision, task.
to create or obtain something
A niche:
Example: The startup was able to ____________ in the market by offering unique and specialized products that addressed a specific customer need.
Time:
Example: Despite her busy schedule, she always managed to ____________ for her daily meditation practice.
A career:
Example: Through hard work and dedication, he was able to ____________ in the competitive world of finance.
A sculpture:
Example: The artist spent weeks ____________ a beautiful sculpture from a single block of marble.
A reputation:
Example: Over the years, the company has managed to ____________ for reliability and customer satisfaction.
A role:
Example: As a pioneer in the field, she helped to ____________ a significant role for women in the traditionally male-dominated industry.
carve out something
phrasal verb with carve verb [ I/T ]
US /kɑrv/
Carve out a niche:
Example: The startup was able to carve out a niche in the market by offering unique and specialized products that addressed a specific customer need.
Carve out time:
Example: Despite her busy schedule, she always managed to carve out time for her daily meditation practice.
Carve out a career:
Example: Through hard work and dedication, he was able to carve out a successful career in the competitive world of finance.
Carve out a sculpture:
Example: The artist spent weeks carving out a beautiful sculpture from a single block of marble.
Carve out a reputation:
Example: Over the years, the company has managed to carve out a reputation for reliability and customer satisfaction.
Carve out a role:
Example: As a pioneer in the field, she helped to carve out a significant role for women in the traditionally male-dominated industry.
(a lot of objects in) a state of being untidy.
Sorry about the ….. (noun) in the kitchen.
I’m gonna …. my digital environment.
clutter
verb and noun
US /ˈklʌt̬.ɚ/
Noun: The room was filled with a chaotic clutter of papers.
Verb: She tends to clutter the desk with unnecessary items.
I’m gonna declutter my digital environment.
Decluttering your room should be your every weekend habit.
to prevent something from being seen or heard
The sun was …… by clouds.
If you’re working in a noisy coffee shop, music can …. conversations around you, which are much more destructive than familiar melodies.
obscure
verb [ T ]
US /əbˈskjʊr/
The sun was obscured by clouds.
If you’re working in a noisy coffee shop, music can obscure conversations around you, which are much more destructive than familiar melodies.
On the other hand
On the flip side
It’s a way of conveying that the speaker doesn’t fully align with either extreme viewpoint and may hold a more nuanced or moderate position on the matter.
I personally fall somewhere in between
An idea that you suddenly have.
Visit briefly.
He jotted down story ideas that …. …. his head.
Why don’t you …. and see us this afternoon?
“I’ll just …. …. the store to grab some milk.”
“Feel free to … my office if you have any questions.”
pop in/into (somewhere)
phrasal verb
He jotted down story ideas that popped into his head.
Why don’t you pop in and see us this afternoon?
“I’ll just pop into the store to grab some milk.”
“Feel free to pop into my office if you have any questions.”
someone who worries a lot:
I can’t help being a ….. - some people are just born that way.
worrier
noun [ C ]
US /ˈwɝː.i.ɚ/
I can’t help being a worrier - some people are just born that way.
If a problem or responsibility makes you worried or unhappy.
You feel some kind of pressure in your head, you have too much to carry on your shoulders.
It …… … …. …. for a long time, and I finally decided to change my job.
The financial difficulties have been ….. …. him for months
weigh on sth/someone
weigh on someone’s mind
It weighed on my mind for a long time, and I finally decided to change my job.
The responsibility of leading the project can sometimes weigh on her shoulders.
Financial concerns can often weigh on a person’s mind, affecting their overall well-being.
The uncertainty about the future can weigh heavily on individuals, causing stress and anxiety.
concern
This information ….. to the new project.
The rules and regulations ….. to all employees.
Everything that …. to work drives me crazy.
pertains
This information pertains to the new project.
The rules and regulations pertain to all employees.
Optimal point.
2 hours per day is my ……. ….. as far as learning English is concerned.
Investors aim to find the … …. between risk and reward to maximize their returns without taking on too much risk
sweet spot
2 hours per day is my sweet spot as far as learning English is concerned.
The marketing team strives to identify the sweet spot in the market where demand is high, and competition is manageable.
Investors aim to find the sweet spot between risk and reward to maximize their returns without taking on too much risk
pamper myself
satisfy a desire, especially one that might be considered a luxury or treat:
I …… myself in a sweet breakfast from time to time.
I love to ….. myself with pistachio nuts.
The parents decided to ….. their children with a trip to Disneyland.
These activities can be found but should generally be …… in small doses.
indulge
verb
US /ɪnˈdʌldʒ/
indulgence (n)
I indulge myself in a sweet breakfast from time to time.
I love to indulge myself with pistachio nuts.
Some people regularly overindulge in alcohol.
Chocolate is my only indulgence.
The parents decided to indulge their children with a trip to the amusement park
These activities can be found but should generally be indulged in small doses.
without limits; extremely large or great
an … number/variety
The universe is theoretically ….
infinite // finite is opposite
adjective
US /ˈɪn.fə.nət/
an infinite number/variety
The universe is theoretically infinite.
Famous; world-famous
Well-known
Prominent
Notable
According to …. psychologist Marc Cikszentimihalyi …
renowned
adjective
US /rɪˈnaʊnd/
The region is renowned for its outstanding natural beauty.
According to renowned psychologist Marc Cikszentimihalyi …
a board with a clip at the top that holds sheets of paper in position and provides a surface for writing on
Clipboard
extremely large in size or degree
While there is ….. value in letting your mind scatter, most times we would do better to focus on the present.
They spent an …. amount of time getting the engine into perfect condition.
Country music is …. popular.
immense
adjective
US /ɪˈmens/
immensely (averb)
immensity (n)
While there is immense value in letting your mind scatter, most times we would do better to focus on the present.
immense wealth/value
They spent an immense amount of time getting the engine into perfect condition.
Country music is immensely popular.
He realized the immensity of the risk he was taking.
remarkably well or unexpectedly well.
surprisingly well
allow me to demonstrate
let me prove my point
Isolated physically and also socially:
She appeared ……… at the party, not engaging in conversations with others.
The label became ……. from your parcel.
A …. house is not connected to any other building.
detached
adjective
US /dɪˈtætʃt/
She appeared detached at the party, not engaging in conversations with others.
The label became detached from your parcel.
A detached house is not connected to any other building.
in the same way, similarly
likewise
adverb
US /ˈlaɪk.waɪz/
Person A: “I enjoyed the movie.”
Person B: “Likewise.”
to end something by force:
The Hungarian uprising in 1956 was …. by the Soviet Union.
suppress
verb [ T ]
US /səˈpres/
The Hungarian uprising in 1956 was suppressed by the Soviet Union.
Sharpen focus
Time pressure …. our focus on a task.
Narrows focus
Time pressure narrows our focus on a task.
extremely productive
uberproductive
Too full.
It refers to a situation where a liquid exceeds the capacity of its container and spills over the edges. It implies an excess amount that cannot be contained within the designated space.
When a liquid ….. , it flows over the edges of a container, etc. because there is too much of it.
The milk …. when I poured it into the glass.
Your attentional space doesn’t …. if you focus just on one task.
overflow
verb
UK /ˌəʊ.vəˈfləʊ/ US /ˌoʊ.vɚˈfloʊ/
The milk overflowed when I poured it into the glass.
Your attentional space doesn’t overflow if you focus just on one task.
nothing is more false
nothing can be further from true
Only
Exclusively
Entirely
Engaging …… luretempt with your external environment means you are living on autopilot. Focusing only on your thoughts means you a daydreaming.
solely [sołli] NOT SOLEŁLI!!!
adverb
UK /ˈsəʊl.li/ US /ˈsoʊl.li/
Engaging solely with your external environment means you are living on autopilot. Focusing only on your thoughts means you a daydreaming.
lure, tempt
to attract someone to a particular place or activity by offering something pleasant.
People are ….. away from government jobs by higher salaries.
A smell of coffee in the doorway …….. people to enter the shop.
The adverts ….. the customer into buying things they don’t really want.
entice
verb [ T ]
US /ɪnˈtaɪs/
enticing
adjective
US /ɪnˈtaɪ.sɪŋ/
People are enticed away from government jobs by higher salaries.
The adverts entice the customer into buying things they don’t really want.
A smell of coffee in the doorway enticed people to enter the shop.
an enticing job offer
evaluating or considering something in relation to opposing factors, opinions
“When making decisions, it’s essential to ….. the pros and cons …… each other.”
“She had to …… \ the potential benefits of the project ….. the risks involved.”
Weight sth against sth
“When making decisions, it’s essential to weigh the pros and cons against each other.”
“She had to weigh the potential benefits of the project against the risks involved.”
an adjective that describes something as astonishing, overwhelming, or incredibly impressive in terms of size, quantity, or extent. It often conveys a sense of astonishment or amazement.
The company reported a …… increase in profits this quarter.
Staggering (adj)
Stagger (n); staggered = shocked.
The company reported a staggering increase in profits this quarter.
Reluctant, unwilling
Averse
How averse you are to what you intended to accomplish.
to indicate a specific aspect or regard in which something is being considered
… … ….. distractions and interruptions are the same.
John is very skilled in project management, and .. …. …… , he outshines his colleagues.
The two theories differ in their approaches, and .. … …., Theory A is more practical than Theory B.
in this respect
pod tym względem
In this respect distractions and interruptions are the same.
In this respect, you are not different.
John is very skilled in project management, and in this respect, he outshines his colleagues.
The two theories differ in their approaches, and in this respect, Theory A is more practical than Theory B.”
Stiff, not permitting any change
“I find it hard to work with such a …. schedule; I need a bit more flexibility.”
“Her parenting style is pretty ……. —always insisting on the same routine every day.”
“I thought the dress code was a bit too …. for a casual Friday.”
rigid
adjective
UK /ˈrɪdʒ.ɪd/ US /ˈrɪdʒ.ɪd/
The rigidity of the work time is the main reason that convinces me to change a job. adj.
He rigidly nodded his head and walked away. adverb
“I find it hard to work with such a rigid schedule; I need a bit more flexibility.”
“Her parenting style is pretty rigid—always insisting on the same routine every day.”
“I thought the dress code was a bit too rigid for a casual Friday.”
Disclose
The survey …. that.
reveal
verb [ T ]
US /rɪˈviːl/
The survey reveals that…
By heart
Data entry can sometimes be considered a …. task, as it involves repetitive inputting of information.
Repetitive task - …. task.
Rote
noun
By rote
A “rote task” refers to a task that is performed through repetition and memorization.
Data entry can sometimes be considered a rote task, as it involves repetitive inputting of information.
Be different, change
The value of stocks will vary from month to month.
vary
verb
UK /ˈveəri/ US
The value of stocks will vary from month to month.
Prices vary widely from shop to shop.
We enjoy eating in various types of restaurants. (adj)
a short description of something that provides general information about it, but no details
10000-foot view - it’s a synonym.
I’ll give you a brief ….. of what the job involves.
This chart provides an ……. of sales for the past six months.
overview
noun [ C ]
US /ˈoʊ.vɚ.vjuː/
I’ll give you a brief overview of what the job involves.
provide/give/offer an overview of sth
This chart provides an overview of sales for the past six months.
a broad/general/brief overview
I’ll give you a brief overview of what the job involves.
data duplication
data redundancy
someone whose job involves working with numbers and doing calculations
number cruncher
noun [ C ] informal
crunch (the) numbers
verb
We believe we have made a profit, but we haven’t crunched the numbers yet.
a very small amount of a drink that you take into your mouth
I’m ….. my morning coffee.
sip
noun [ C ]
US /sɪp/
I’m sipping my morning coffee.
to force someone to do something: - verb
strong - adj. it makes you believe it or accept it because it is so strong - przekonujacy
Reading is a ….. example of the power of connecting and collecting dots. [persuasive, captivating, or convincing example]
At school, we were ….. to wear uniforms, which I hated.
compelling
adjective
US /kəmˈpel.ɪŋ/
compel
verb [ T ]
US /kəmˈpel/
It compels me to dwell on sth - it is prompting me or forcing me to reflect or focus on a particular subject or matter - verb
At school, we were compelled to wear uniforms, which I hated.
Reading is a compelling example of the power of connecting and collecting dots.
compelling evidence
Contemplate
Meditate
Reflect
Ruminate
To think carefully about something, especially for a noticeable length of time.
She sat back for a minute to ….. her next move in the game.
I’m …. whether to accept a new job.
ponder
verb [ I or T ] formal
UK /ˈpɒn.dər/ US /ˈpɑːn.dɚ/
rozwazac
She sat back for a minute to ponder her next move in the game.
I’m pondering whether to accept a new job.
synthesize ideas
piece together ideas
to pause before you do or say something, often because you are uncertain or nervous about it
If you need anything, don’t ….. to call me.
I’m somewhat …. to engage this mode in a disruptive environment, that is not conducive.
hesitate (wahac sie)
verb [ I ]
UK /ˈhez.ɪ.teɪt/ US /ˈhez.ə.teɪt/
hesitation
noun [ U ] US /ˌhez·ɪˈteɪ·ʃən/
hesitant
adjective US /ˈhez·ɪ·tənt/
I’m somewhat hesitant to engage this mode in a disruptive environment, that is not conducive.
There’s no time to hesitate, just do it!
If you need anything, don’t hesitate to call me.
past simple and past participle of seek
sought
verb
US /sɑːt/
to seem to be true or reasonable, logic
This doesn’t … …., can you explain it again?
My plan will work, it …. ……
hold water
idiom
This doesn’t hold water, can you explain it again?
My plan will work, it holds water.
refill
to fill something up again.
to fill or restore something that has been depleted or used up
You will …….. your mental energy when you scatter focus.
The company was able to …… its financial reserves.
We need to …… our supplies/stock.
replenish
verb [ I or T ] formal
UK /rɪˈplenɪʃ/ US
You will replenish your mental energy when you scatter focus.
The company was able to replenish its financial reserves
We need to replenish our supplies/stock.
subsequent
latter
US: [lader]; UK: later
decrease
(price f. e.)
The graph shows a … in sales during the winter months.
dip //often dip down
The graph shows a dip in sales during the winter months.
After a period of growth, the stock prices began to dip down, causing concern among investors.
the strategy of setting prices for goods or services at a level lower than those of competitors
The store announced a special promotion, …… prices on popular items to draw in customers during the holiday season
undercut
verb [ T ] COMMERCE
US /ˌʌndəˈkʌt/
The store announced a special promotion, undercutting prices on popular items to draw in customers during the holiday season
to evaluate and understand the current state or conditions of a particular situation. It’s a way of assessing what resources are available, what has been accomplished, and what needs to be done.
Let’s take …. .. the situation.
Take …. .. everything you consume.
take stock of
Let’s take stock of the situation
Take stoke of everything you consume.
The phrase originates from gambling. It means to increase one’s commitment or investment in a particular course of action, idea, or strategy, typically despite potential risks or challenges.
to continue to do something in an even more determined way than before
The company decided to …. …… on its marketing efforts.
After a setback, she decided to … …. on her studies to improve her grades.
Instead of giving up, the community decided to … …. on efforts to address environmental issues
double down (on sth)
phrasal verb with double verb [ I or T ]
US /ˈdʌb.əl/
The company decided to double down on its marketing efforts.
After a setback, she decided to double down on her studies to improve her grades.
Instead of giving up, the community decided to double down on efforts to address environmental issues
eureka
jurika
to relax and spend time doing very little; informal
I’m exhausted - I think I’ll just go home and … …. in front of the TV tonight
veg out
phrasal verb
US /vedʒ/
I’m exhausted - I think I’ll just go home and veg out in front of the TV tonight
a term often used metaphorically to describe the act of taking a broader perspective or looking at a situation from a higher level.
It’s akin to stepping back and getting a more comprehensive understanding of a situation.
Before making any major life decisions, it’s essential to occasionally ….. …. and assess your long-term goals and aspirations.
During a project review, it’s important to encourage team members to ….. ….and evaluate the project’s progress.
zoom out
phrasal verb with zoom verb [ I ] infml
Before making any major life decisions, it’s essential to occasionally zoom out and assess your long-term goals and aspirations.
During a project review, it’s important to encourage team members to zoom out and evaluate the project’s progress.
Take the time to consider whether it is worth your attention.
Synonym to worth
Take the time to consider whether it merits your attention
different in every way
The two cultures were so utterly [completely] ……
that she found it hard to adapt from one to the other.
In the research project, the team faced the challenge of integrating …….. data from various sources, including surveys, interviews, and online databases
disparate
adjective formal
US /ˈdɪs.pɚ.ət/
The two cultures were so utterly disparate that she found it hard to adapt from one to the other.
In the research project, the team faced the challenge of integrating disparate data from various sources, including surveys, interviews, and online databases
The compressed file maintained such high quality that the images were nearly ………… from the original. [not possible to see the difference]
The compressed file maintained such high quality that the images were nearly indistinguishable from the original
to take food or liquid into the stomach
ingest
verb [ T ] fml
US /ɪnˈdʒest/
ingesting (n)
ingesting of heroin/water/coca cola (spozycie)
a warning to consider something before doing anything more
I agreed to the job offer with one …. , I would like to work entirely remotely.
I’ll lend you my camera for the weekend, but there’s a …… : please handle it with care and return it on Monday.
You’re welcome to use my car, with the …. that you fill-up the gas tank before returning it.
caveat
noun [ C ] formal
US /ˈkæv.i.æt/ - kaviat
I agreed to the job offer with one caveat, I would like to work entirely remotely.
I’ll lend you my camera for the weekend, but there’s a caveat: please handle it with care and return it on Monday.
You’re welcome to use my car, with the caveat that you fill up the gas tank before returning it.
the ability to judge correctly what is going to happen in the future and plan your actions based on this knowledge:
Bill Gates’s …. and vision for personal computers was central for Microsoft.
She’d had the …. to sell her apartment just before the housing market collapsed.
foresight - zdolnosc przewidywania
noun [ U ]
UK /ˈfɔː.saɪt/ US /ˈfɔːr.saɪt/
Bill Gates’s foresight and vision for personal computers was central for Microsoft.
She’d had the foresight to sell her apartment just before the housing market collapsed.
not thinking about or interested in someone or something.
(WITHOUT INTEREST)
He found it very hard teaching a class full of …. teenagers.
indifferent
adjective
UK /ɪnˈdɪf.ər.ənt/ US /ɪnˈdɪf.ɚ.ənt/
indifferently [adverb]
He found it very hard teaching a class full of indifferent teenagers.
He responded to the news indifferently, showing no emotion or interest in the outcome.
a situation where you accept something bad in order to have something good
compromise
give and take
trade-off
noun [ C ]
US /ˈtreɪdɒf/
trade-off between something and something = kompromis pomiędzy czymś a czymś
monotonous, boring, repetitive but also żmudny
a ….. job/task
Learning a new computer program can be a …. process.
tedious
adjective
UK /ˈtiː.di.əs/ US /ˈtiː.di.əs/
a tedious job/task
Learning a new computer program can be a tedious process.
the possibility of being successful, especially at work
Chance, odds, likelihood,
He’s hoping the course will improve his career …..
Is there any ….. of the situation improving?
prospects
prospect noun (POSSIBILITY)
He’s hoping the course will improve his career prospects.
Is there any prospect of the situation improving?
future prospects = widoki na przyszłość
employment prospects = szanse zatrudnienia
promotion prospects = perspektywy awansu, szanse na awans
work prospects = perspektywy awansu, widoki na awans
Generate, Produce
My company …… a lot of profit.
We hope that this latest improvement will help us ……… better results.
The experiment ……… an answer the scientists have been looking for.
I hope all your hard work will ………. positive results during the upcoming presentation.
Sometimes, taking a step back and reflecting on a situation can ………. surprising solutions.
yield
verb
US /jiːld/
My company yields a lot of profit.
We hope that this latest improvement will help us yield better results.
The experiment yielded an answer the scientists have been looking for.
I hope all your hard work will yield positive results during the upcoming presentation.
Sometimes, taking a step back and reflecting on a situation can yield surprising solutions.
Withdraw, back off
Every person who wins in any UNDERTAKING
- noun/ undertake - verb
[a big/enormous/major undertaking This is an enormous and most ambitious undertaking - przedsiewziecie]
must be willing to burn his ships and cut all sources of …..
The government is withdrawing […] from its promises.
Enemy soldiers are now in (full) …….. .
……… from your stupid idea, Tom.
The snow will …..in a few days.
retreat
verb
US /rɪˈtriːt/
The government is retreating from its promises.
Enemy soldiers are now in (full) retreat.
Retreat from your stupid idea, Tom
The snow will retreat in a few days.
He had to undertake a job not connected with his studies.
Very much, extremely
I was ….. disappointed with the customer service.
He was … punished.
sorely
adverb formal
US /ˈsɔːr.li/
I was sorely disappointed with the customer service.
He was sorely punished.
self-content
very pleased with yourself and showing no criticism of yourself:
self-satisfied
adjective disapproving
US /ˌselfˈsæt̬.ɪs.faɪd/
the quality of being willing to consider ideas and opinions that are new or different to your own
Thanks to your ….-…., we were able to find a solution for that case.
open-mindedness
noun [ U ]
US /ˌoʊ.pənˈmaɪn.dɪd.nəs/ [open majDEDdness]
Thanks to your open-mindedness, we were able to find a solution for that case.
The way of doing sth that was set up and became common by practicing. It’s the kind of rule that comes from practice.
You can also iterate the sales table to get unique customer key values, however, the ….. … …… is to iterate as little data as possible.
rule of thumb
noun [ C ]
US/ˈrul əv ˈθʌm/
plural rules of thumb
You can also iterate the sales table to get unique customer key values, however, the rule of thumb is to iterate as little data as possible.
milestone, landmark
or
one of a row of large, flat stones on which you can walk in order to cross a stream or river that is not deep
This job is a ….. …. to better things.
Graduating from a language course was a crucial …. …..in her journey to becoming fluent in English.
stepping stone
noun
US /ˈstep.ɪŋ ˌstoʊn/
This job is a stepping stone to better things.
Graduating from a language course was a crucial stepping stone in her journey to becoming fluent in
entrepreneurship [auntreprenership]
the ability to make decisions and act on your own. being business-oriented, and value-oriented.
resourcefulness [risorsfulness]
noun [ U ] approving
US /rɪˈsɔːr.sfəl.nəs/
certain to fail, die, or be destroyed
The person who stops studying merely because they have finished school is forever … to mediocrity [midijokridi], no matter what their calling [what their profession, career].
This plan was … to failure from the start
Many think they are … to poverty and failure.
doomed
adjective
US /duːmd
The person who stops studying merely because they have finished school is forever doomed to mediocrity, no matter what their calling.
[These people are just mediocrities.]
This plan was doomed to failure from the start.
Many think they are doomed to poverty and failure.
to give support, strength, or a basic structure to something
He presented data to ….. his argument.
underpin
verb [ T ]
US /ˌʌn.dɚˈpɪn/
underpinning
noun
He presented data to underpin his argument.
height above sea level
Mountain climbers use oxygen when they reach higher ……
altitude
noun [ C ]
US /ˈæl.tə.tuːd/
Mountain climbers use oxygen when they reach higher altitudes.
a feeling of great sadness:
sadness (FEELING)
unhappiness
The ….. she felt at the death of her husband was almost too much to bear.
sorrow - żal
noun [ C or U ] formal
US /ˈsɔːr.oʊ/
The sorrow she felt at the death of her husband was almost too much to bear.
logicalness [noun]
The main issue was the financial …. of the deal.
.. and profitable investment [adj]
soundness
noun
soundness of philosophy described in this book
sound [adj] idea, sound advice, strategy
complete or detailed:
A sound knowledge of law is essential.
The main issue was the financial soundness of the deal.
to look like or be like someone or something
You …. your mother very closely
After the earthquake, the city ….. a battlefield.
Recall what has been said about the subconscious mind …. a fertile [breeding ground - żyzna gleba] garden spot in which weeds will grow in abundance if the seeds of more desirable crops are not sown there.
resemble
verb [ T ]
UK /rɪˈzem.bəl/ US /rɪˈzem.bəl/
resembling [adj]
You resemble your mother very closely.
After the earthquake, the city resembled a battlefield.
Recall what has been said about the subconscious mind resembling a fertile [breeding ground - żyzna gleba] garden spot in which weeds will grow in abundance if the seeds of more desirable crops are not sown there.
Let’s look at that from a different perspective.
Let’s tackle that from a different angle.
Reflecting on the experience after the fact.
As I reflect on the experience.
Looking back on the experience, as I analyze it.
As I analyze the experience in retrospect.
Self-sufficient. To take matters into your own hands.
I’ve always been pretty independent [synonym], so I prefer working on projects by myself.
John is very …… - …… ; he prefers to solve problems on his own rather than asking for help.
Growing your own vegetables allows you to be ….-….when it comes to your food supply.
I want to build and encourage a sense of ….-….. [independence-noun], and responsibility in my kids.
self-reliant
adjective approving
US /ˌself.rɪˈlaɪ.ənt/
self-reliance
noun [ U ]
US /ˌself.rɪˈlaɪ.əns/
John is very self-reliant; he prefers to solve problems on his own rather than asking for help.
Growing your own vegetables allows you to be self-reliant when it comes to your food supply.
I want to build and encourage a sense of self-reliance, and responsibility in my kids.
to provide support for someone or something:
to make an extra copy of a computer file [IT]
The investors decided to …. .. the startup with additional funding.
Honestly, that’s exactly what happened - Claire will … me ….
Will you ….me up…if I say that I never saw him?
back someone up
phrasal verb
The investors decided to back up the startup with additional funding.
Honestly, that’s exactly what happened - Claire will back me up.
Will you back me up if I say that I never saw him?
largely, mostly
.. . ….. ….. your major purpose of learning will be determined by your goal.
To a large extent
reliable, trustworthy [adj]
Reliable//…// sources of knowledge.
dependable
to involve something, to require sth, formal
“If you decide to take on this project, it will ……. long hours and a lot of hard work.”
This sentence suggests that accepting the project will involve or require long hours and hard work.
“Traveling to the conference will ….. making arrangements for accommodations and transportation.”
Here, “entail” is used to convey that making arrangements for accommodations and transportation is necessary when traveling to the conference.
“Joining the fitness program …. following a strict diet and attending regular workout sessions.”
In this example, the verb “entail” is used to indicate that participating in the fitness program requires following a strict diet and attending regular workout sessions.
entail
verb [ T ] formal
US /ɪnˈteɪl/
“If you decide to take on this project, it will entail long hours and a lot of hard work.”
“Traveling to the conference will entail making arrangements for accommodations and transportation.”
“Joining the fitness program entails following a strict diet and attending regular workout sessions.”
were fired in a more polite way
Unfortunately, several employees were made ……. due to the company’s financial difficulties.
Were made redundant
Unfortunately, due to the company’s financial difficulties, several employees were made redundant.
provide a service.
render a service.
it’s the opposite of keep up with
to not finish work at the time you planned or promised to finish
to fail to do something fast enough or on time:
phrasal verb
She has … …. with her school work again.
If we … ….. schedule we may lose the contract.
We started to … …. with our mortgage payments when my husband lost his job.
fall behind
phrasal verb with fall verb
She’s fallen behind with her school work again.
If we fall behind schedule we may lose the contract.
We started to fall behind with our mortgage payments when my husband lost his job.
I can easily keep up with the pace of work in my company
DIVERSE (adj)
The job requires a ….. skill set, as employees need to be adept at problem-solving, communication, and project management.”
VARIED [verid]
VARIED work/task/diet - różnorodny, urozmaicony
The job requires a varied skill set, as employees need to be adept at problem-solving, communication, and project management.”
Misinform
to cause someone to believe something that is not true:
The advertising campaign intentionally ….. consumers about whether the product was natural.
mislead
misled, misled
verb [ T ]
US /mɪsˈliːd/
misleading information/ad
The advertising campaign intentionally misled consumers about whether the product was natural.
of very bad quality [informal] = lousy [adj]
sth inferior [gorszy, podwładny]
crummy
adjective informal
US /ˈkrʌm.i/
crummy weather
a crummy job
a crummy movie
very and obviously: [formal]
She’s ……… qualified to handle the job.
The story is ……. worth reading.
eminently
adverb formal
US /ˈem.ə.nənt.li/
She’s eminently qualified to handle the job.
The story is eminently worth reading.
used to describe someone or something about which people have a good opinion
having good opinions, being respected by people
Her … - …. workshops and presentations are highly sought after [desirable] by data-minded individuals and companies.
The airline is …-… by passengers.
well-regarded
adjective
Her well-regarded workshops and presentations are highly sought after by data-minded individuals and companies.
The airline is well-regarded by passengers.
understand data
make sense out of data
Being able to effectively tell stories with data is one area that will give you an edge and position you for success in nearly any role.
Being able to effectively tell stories with data is one area that will give you an edge and position you for success in nearly any role.
not causing someone to feel any excitement or admiration:
niezachwycajacy [adj]
underwhelming
To adopt an analytical mindset or approach or any midset or approach.
Let’s put on our …. ….. and carefully examine the data to identify patterns and insights
put on our analytical hats
Let’s put on our analytical hats and carefully examine the data to identify patterns and insights
“The team was organized …. subgroups based on their expertise and skills.”
“The event was organized …. different sessions covering various topics.”
“The survey results were organized …. charts and graphs for clearer visualization.”
“The project tasks were organized ….. a timeline to track progress.”
Organized INTO [ogenajzd] !!!!
“The team was organized into subgroups based on their expertise and skills.”
“The files were organized into folders for better accessibility and management.”
“The event was organized into different sessions covering various topics.”
“The survey results were organized into charts and graphs for clearer visualization.”
“The project tasks were organized into a timeline to track progress.”
Secure sensitive data [ synonym ]
Protect confidential information
That experience will position you for success
That experience will set you on a path to success
to destroy a building:
The old community center is being … …, and a new one will be built there instead.
Retrieve [Information]
“Let me … …. the latest data from the server before the meeting.”
“I’ll ….. ….. the necessary reports for the presentation.”
Reduce or Lower:
“We are working on ways to … ….production costs without compromising quality.”
pull something down
phrasal verb
The old community center is being pulled down, and a new one will be built there instead.
“Let me pull down the latest data from the server before the meeting.”
“I’ll pull down the necessary reports for the presentation.”
Reduce or Lower:
“We are working on ways to pull down production costs without compromising quality.”
precisely, briefly
to express something in a clear and brief manner, using as few words as possible while conveying the intended meaning effectively
there are questions you should be able to ….. answer
The information was presented clearly and ……
concisely
adverb
US /kənˈsaɪs.li/ [KENSAISLI}
there are questions you should be able to concisely answer
The information was presented clearly and concisely.
second from the last
penultimate
adjective [ before noun ] formal
US /pɪˈnʌl.t̬ə.mət/
This will guide you toward a solution.
This gonna set you on a path to a solution / success
Before you initiate the process of creating a report, you need to understand the context.
Before you delve into the process of creating a report, you need to understand the context.
Before you embark on the journey of creating a report, you need to understand the context.
Before you begin down the path of creating a report, you need to understand the context.
Opinion, position, approach that was taken by someone or company
In general, those communicating with data need to take a more confident …. when it comes to making recommendations based on their analysis.
The government took a tough …. against terrorism.
stance
noun [ C ]
US /stæns/
take a position = take a stance [zajac stanowisko, ustosunkowac sie]
a stance against/on/towards sth
In general, those communicating with data need to take a more confident stance when it comes to making recommendations based on their analysis.
The government took a tough stance against terrorism.
to act according to an order, set of rules, or request [verb]
synonym - follow [the rules], obey the rules, adhere to
There are serious penalties for failure to ….. with the regulations.
comply
verb [ I ] formal
US /kəmˈplaɪ/
compliance
noun
compliant [ulegly]
adjective
comply with something = adhere to something
Your son is a hopeless case - he doesn’t adhere to any of the rules.
A compliant child.
There are serious penalties for failure to comply with the regulations.
The company said that it had always acted in compliance with environmental laws.
invoke reaction
to get or produce something, especially information or a reaction
… a response from Have you managed to … a response from them yet?
… information The questionnaire was intended to … information on eating habits.
elicit reaction
This handbook elicited only negative reviews.
elicit a response from
Have you managed to elicit a response from them yet?
elicit information
The questionnaire was intended to elicit information on eating habits.
regardless, despite [synonyms]
You are there to answer any questions that arise over the course of the presentation and should be able to do so [] regardless of the detail is in the presentation itself.
I wouldn’t buy it, regardless of the price.
The rules apply to everyone, irrespective of how long they have been with the company. can we say it like that?:
irrespective
adverb
US /ˌɪr.əˈspek.tɪv/
You are there to answer any questions that arise over the course of the presentation and should be able to do so irrespective OF the detail is in the presentation itself.
I wouldn’t buy it, irrespective OF the price.
The rules apply to everyone, irrespective OF how long they have been with the company. can we say it like that?:
to make a mistake, or to pause unexpectedly when speaking
to
to hit your foot against something while walking and almost fall
Stumble over - synonym
She stumbled over a toy.
I did fine on the exam except for the last question, where I stumbled over a word I didn’t understand.
stumble across/on/upon = to discover something by chance
trip up (someone)
phrasal verb with trip verb [ I/T ]
Transitions between slides often trip up presenters
I did OK on the exam except for the last question, when I got tripped up by a word I didn’t understand.
In the interview, they kept trying to trip me up [fail].
He tripped up on the doorstep.
This term describes something that is thinly scattered, having few elements or being in low density. [adj]
…. specifically refers to a low density or a small number of items in relation to the space they occupy. If you say, “The dataset is ….,” it means there is not much information, and what is available is widely spaced or not densely populated.
Keep your slides …., and only put on them things that reinforce what you will say.
A … hair/population.
Data dispersion refers to how our data points spread out and vary around the mean.
sparse
adjective
US /spɑːrs/
A sparse hair/population.
sparsely populated [adverb] = słabo zaludniony
Keep your slides sparse, and only put on them things that reinforce what you will say.
In the case of written documents, it’s advisable to keep them denser, since the audience is left to consume the content on their own.
This term emphasizes the spreading or distribution of items or entities. It suggests that these items are scattered over an area but doesn’t inherently convey the idea of density or lack thereof. For example, you might say, “The data points were ….. across the graph,” indicating that they were spread out but not necessarily indicating if there are few or many.
…. data = scattered data
Police …. the crowd that had gathered.
The …distribution of resources across the region led to varying levels of development.”
disperse
verb [ I or T ]
US /dɪˈspɝːs/
Police dispersed the crowd that had gathered.
The dispersed distribution of resources across the region led to varying levels of development.”
something such as a speech, piece of writing, or act that asks or encourages people to take action about a problem
The … … …. would be different for the different groups [during presentation]
The film is a … … ….. on climate change.
The study is a … … ….. to avoid a public health disaster.
call to action
noun [ C
The film is a call to action on climate change.
The study is a call to action to avoid a public health disaster.
The expression ….. … ….. ….. …… is commonly used to characterize a scenario in which someone communicates information with bias or incompleteness, typically favoring a specific perspective or viewpoint while skipping others.
The journalist was accused ….. … …. … …, as the article focused solely on the positive aspects of the company while neglecting/skipping/omitting important criticisms and concerns from its employees.
painting a one-sided story
The journalist was accused of painting a one-sided story, as the article focused solely on the positive aspects of the company while neglecting important criticisms and concerns from its employees.
deceptive
adjective
US /dɪˈsep.t̬ɪv/ it’s a synonym
causing someone to believe something that is not true:
misleading information/statements
Adverts must not create a misleading impression.
It’s deceptive - from the outside the building looks small, but inside it’s very big.
misleading
adjective
US /ˌmɪsˈliː.dɪŋ/
You shouldn’t be misleading by painting a one-sided story, neglecting, skipping some facts from that event.
synonyms for that adj are: reluctant, unwilling or averse.
What biases does our audience have that might make them supportive of or reluctant/unwilling/abverse to our message?
resistant
adjective
US /rɪˈzɪs·tənt/
What biases does our audience have that might make them supportive of or resistant to our message?
Why are you so resistant to change?
a disease-resistant variety of tomato
Extending influence, broadening engagement, or growing the audience for a particular initiative or message
“The organization plans to extend / expand its ….. with the introduction of online services.”
Expand reach with sth
“The company aims to broaden/extend its reach with the new marketing campaign.”
“The organization plans to extend / expand its reach with the introduction of online services.”
“Using social media can help increase reach with your target audience.”
It suggests that the communication is well-crafted, focused, and meets the specific goals or objectives you have in mind.
As good as it could be. Accurate. Zwiezly, trafny.
Use this method to ensure the communication you crafted is ….
On point
idiom
From that point on /since than/ I stopped using peanut butter in my kitchen.
Use this method to ensure the communication you crafted is on point.
a surface that lies at an angle to the horizontal so that some points on it are higher than others: [noun]
a measure of how steep an angle a line has
The roof is at a ….. (= at an angle to a horizontal surface) of 30°.
a steep ….. [stromy] [It’s a steep learning curve when you’re thrown into a job.]
a ski/mountain ….
There has been a ….. increase/rise in prices. [goes very quickly from low to high or from high to low]
slope
noun [ C ]
US /sloʊp/
Slope graph
The roof is at a slope (= at an angle to a horizontal surface) of 30°.
a steep slope
There has been a steep increase/rise in prices.
Twist.
This bar can even ….. your perception of relative height such that 20 is less than half of 41.
A sudden increase in one category can … the ratio
Certain factors can …. twist your perception, making it difficult to see the truth.
The outliers in the dataset can …. the results.”
In the photo, the angle of the camera can …… the way things really look.
The company’s income is ….. because not all customers have paid their bills.
skew [wypaczyc, zmienic, zakrzywic obraz]
verb [ T ]
/skjuː/ UK US
This bar can even skew your perception of relative height such that 20 is less than half of 41.
A sudden increase in one category can skew the ratio
The outliers in the dataset can skew the results.”
In the photo, the angle of the camera can skew the way things really look.
The company’s income is skewed because not all customers have paid their bills.
to be enough or adequate for a particular purpose
In this case a simple sentence would …
suffice
verb [ I ] formal
US /səˈfaɪs/ [sufajs]
sufficient [adj] <=> insufficient
sufficiently [adverb]
self-sufficient - o osobie, samowystarczajaca
In this case a simple sentence would suffice.
furthest to the left
In the matrix, the ……….. column represents the initial set of variables that influence the outcome of the experiment.
The ………… data point on the line chart indicates the starting value of the trend we are analyzing
Start cleaning the data from upper …. cell.
leftmost
/ˈlɛf(t)məʊst/
In the matrix, the leftmost column represents the initial set of variables that influence the outcome of the experiment.
The leftmost data point on the line chart indicates the starting value of the trend we are analyzing.
Belonging or relating to each one of the people or things that have been mentioned
All have increased in price since their ………… individual / particular / launches. ( since each one’s launch)
All departments met their ………… targets for the quarter.
The data sets were analyzed in their ……….. categories.
Each data set was analyzed within its own category.
respective
adjective [ before noun ]
US /rɪˈspek.tɪv/
respectively
adverb
US /rɪˈspek.tɪv.li/
All departments met their respective targets for the quarter.
The data sets were analyzed in their respective categories.
Each data set was analyzed within its own category.
At the same time
Simultaneously [adverb] Simultaneous [adj]
In parallel (but it’s less general, oftentimes it’s used in technical setting or PM setting) - developing two solutions równolegle, but not at the same time specifically.
He was …….. learning English and enhancing his technical skills.
The company launched its new marketing campaign ……….. with the product release.
concurrently
adverb
US /kənˈkɝː.ənt.li/
concurrent [adj]
He was concurrently learning English and enhancing his technical skills.
The company launched its new marketing campaign concurrently with the product release.
side job
side hustle
Misuse vs overuse
…….. of antibiotics can lead to antibiotic resistance.
The ………. of company resources, such as vehicles and expense accounts, led to a significant financial loss.
Misuse of social media implies using it in a way that is harmful, inappropriate, or unethical. This could include cyberbullying, spreading misinformation, or sharing private information.
Overuse of social media refers to excessive use, often to the point where it negatively impacts other aspects of life, such as sleep, relationships, or work.
Overuse of antibiotics can lead to antibiotic resistance.
The misuse of company resources, such as vehicles and expense accounts, led to a significant financial loss.
Oversee vs overlook
I ……… a small typo in the report.
The project manager will …….. the entire workshop.
I overlooked a small typo in the report
The project manager will oversee the entire construction process.
neutral evaluator
independent reviewer
Receiving feedback on your report from a …… third …… can enhance its quality.
nonbiased third party
unbiased
Receiving feedback on your report from a nonbiased third party can enhance its quality.
a piece of curved glass that makes objects look larger than they are
He uses a ………. glass to read tiny print.
magnifying glass
noun [ C ]
He uses a magnifying glass to read tiny print.
to make something look larger than it is, especially by looking at it through a lens:
to make a problem bigger or more important
The sound was ………….. a thousand times in my head.
Communication technologies exponentially ……. the lack of clear limits to our commitments, our work and our lives.
magnify
verb [ T ]
US /ˈmæɡ.nə.faɪ/
The sound was magnified a thousand times in my head.
Communication technologies exponentially magnified the lack of clear limits to our commitments, our work and our lives.
vague - synonym
ill-defined
existing as a natural and basic part of something
The report was full of errors due to ……… poor data quality.
This picturesque landscape amazed me thanks to its ……. beauty.
There’s nothing There’s nothing ……… wrong with his ideas. wrong with his ideas.
inherent
adjective
US /ɪnˈherənt/
inherently [adverb]
The report was full of errors due to inherently poor data quality.
This picturesque landscape amazed me thanks to its inherent beauty.
There’s nothing inherently wrong with his ideas. wrong with his ideas.
inherent risk = ryzyko nieodłączne
inherent immunity = odporność wrodzona, odporność gatunkowa
inherent law = prawo nabyte przez urodzenie
inherent property = nieodłączna cecha, właściwość naturalna
……… land or soil produces a lot of healthy plants.
If people or animals are ….., they are able to have babies.
The artist’s ………. imagination led to a series of groundbreaking works.
The ……… collaboration between the data analysts and engineers led to groundbreaking
fertile
adjective
US /ˈfɜːrtəl/
The artist’s fertile imagination led to a series of groundbreaking works.
The fertile collaboration between the data analysts and engineers led to groundbreaking
one of several layers or levels
one of the levels of management in an organization
My wedding cake had four ……, each supported by small pillars.
The redundancies will only affect the top three ……. of management.
The bottom ……. of society in this country is profoundly poor.
tier
noun [ C ]
US /tɪər/
My wedding cake had four tiers, each supported by small pillars.
The redundancies will only affect the top three tiers of management.
The bottom tier of society in this country is profoundly poor.
happening very easily without anything to make it slower or more difficult
Effortlessly
Seamlessly
Cartilage [chrząstka] covers the ends of the bones in our joints and permits nearly ……… movement.
The new payment system is designed to be completely ………, allowing customers to make purchases with just a single click
frictionless
adjective
US /ˈfrɪk.ʃən.ləs/
frictionlessly
adverb
Cartilage covers the ends of the bones in our joints and permits nearly frictionless movement.
The new payment system is designed to be completely frictionless, allowing customers to make purchases with just a single click
a standard or benchmark used for comparison or measurement to provide context or perspective
The revenue from last year was taken as a ……. point for Q3 predictions.
The average customer satisfaction score serves as a ………… point for this year’s improvement.
Reference point
The revenue from last year was taken as a reference point for Q3 predictions.
The average customer satisfaction score serves as a reference point for this year’s improvement
to suddenly become angry
The children behaved so badly that I ….. my ………
If you hadn’t been so rude, I wouldn’t have ….. my …….
opposite
I found it hard to …. my ……. with so many things going wrong.
lose your temper
opposite
keep your temper
The children behaved so badly that I lost my temper.
If you hadn’t been so rude, I wouldn’t have lost my temper.
I found it hard to keep my temper with so many things going wrong.
Grumpy, irritable, impatient
Someone becomes angry and annoyed easily
Working with a ….-…. boss can make the job very stressful.
bad-tempered
adjective
US /ˌbædˈtemp.ɚd/
Working with a bad-tempered boss can make the job very stressful
opposite
good-temperd
An increase of energy
I usually feel a ……. of energy after vigorous exercise.
After hearing the good news, she felt a …….. of energy and immediately started planning her next steps
The balloon …… with a loud pop.
Burst
Burst of energy
I usually feel a burst of energy after vigorous exercise.
After hearing the good news, she felt a burst of energy and immediately started planning her next steps
The balloon burst with a loud pop.
The quality of your workflow management is only as good as the ….. ………. in these five-phase chain.
When working on personal goals, remember that your progress is only as good as the ……… ……. in your habits.
The quality of your workflow management is only as good as the weakest link in these five-phase chain.
When working on personal goals, remember that your progress is only as good as the weakest link in your habits.
to describe or identify someone or something by a specific name, term, or label. Call. Sth is called.
Categorical variables are sometimes …….. … ascalled qualitative variables.
The city is sometimes ………… … as the ‘Big Apple’
This plant is ……. …. as aloe vera
refer to as
Categorical variables are sometimes referred to as qualitative variables.
The city is sometimes referred to as the ‘Big Apple’
This plant is referred to as aloe vera
impose, execute
enforce
verb
Display, design, set out
The men set the stand out.
Could you … a logo … for me?
Lay out
(laid, laid )
The men lay the stand out
Could you lay a logo out for me?
