Deck 3 Vinification

Question 1

What is the process of making wine called?

Answer 1

Vinification

Question 2

What is the first step taken for releasing the juice from freshly picked grapes

Answer 2

Crushing

For white wines this is one of the very first steps in the winemaking process

Question 3

What happens with black grapes after they are crushed and the juice is released

Answer 3

Typically they would then go (skins and pulp) into the fermentation vessel.

Question 4

What happens with white grapes after they are crushed and the juice is released

Answer 4

Typically, white grapes and juice would then go to the press, the remaining juice would be pressed off or released from the skins

Question 5

For red grapes what is done to maximise extraction of colour and tannins?

Answer 5

The skins are mixed thoroughly with the juice.

There are a number of ways to do this. “Punch-down” the skins into the juice,
pump the juice over the skins,
mix the tank with paddles,
roll the tank.

Question 6

For red wines, when is the juice drained off the skins

Answer 6

Usually after fermentation has completed, although some producers may leave the skins in the juice for longer to get more colour and tannins into the wine.

Question 7

What types of vessels can wine be matured in?

Answer 7

Stainless steel tanks and oak barrels.

Question 8

When making rose wine, how long is the juice in contact with the skins

Answer 8

Only a few hours

Question 9

In terms of skin contact, what is the difference between making white and red wine?

Answer 9

White wines usually have LITTLE or NO skin contact.
Red wines often have an extended period of skin contact, either before or after fermentation.
Rose wines only have a few hours of skin contact.

Question 10

True or false?

White wines can be made from black grapes

Answer 10

True

There are many examples of black grapes being used to make white wines, the most famous is perhaps Champagne.

Question 11

List the steps in the white winemaking process

Answer 11

The steps to make white wine are:
crushing
pressing
fermentation
maturation
bottling

Question 12

List the steps in the red winemaking process

Answer 12

The steps to make red wine are
crushing 
fermentation
draining
pressing
maturation
bottling

Question 13

List the steps in the rose winemaking process

Answer 13

The steps to make rose wine are
crushing
fermentation
draining (after just a few hours)
maturation
bottling