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AP/College Biology - 250 > Deck 2 > Flashcards

Deck 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

all other animals are these and they have distinct tissues

A

eumetazoa

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2
Q

which has symmetry? parazoa or eumetazoa

A

eumetazoa

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3
Q

the plane that bisects an animal with bilateral symmetry into two halves

A

mid-sagittal plan

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4
Q

two advantages of symmetry:

A

cephalization and greater mobility

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5
Q

how many germ layers produced by eumetazoa

A

three

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6
Q

body coverings and nervous system germ layer

A

ectoderm

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7
Q

skeleton and muscles germ layer

A

mesoderm

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8
Q

digestive organs and intestines

A

endoderm

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9
Q

space in between tissues, surrounded by mesoderm

A

coelom

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10
Q

body cavity between mesoderm and endoderm

A

pseudocoelomates

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11
Q

body cavity entirely within the mesoderm

A

coelomates

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12
Q

zygote dvides to form a blank

A

blastula

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13
Q

holllow ball of cells

A

blastula

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14
Q

this becomes an opening to the digestive system

A

blastopore

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15
Q

type of cleavange in protostomes and the cells move as they divide

A

spiral

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16
Q

type of cleavage in deuterostomes and cells stay in position as they divide

A

radial

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17
Q

determinate development becuase if you remove one cell, development ceases

A

protostomes

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18
Q

indeterminate development because embryonic cells can develop a new individual

A

deuterostomes

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19
Q

coelom forms simply and directly from splitting the mesoderm in

A

protostomes

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20
Q

coelom forms indirectly from outpocketing of the archenteron in

A

deuterostomes

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21
Q

blank evolved from blank about how many mya

A

deuterostomes….protostomes…500 mya

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22
Q

two advantages of segmentation

A

allows redundant organ systems, and allows for more efficient and flexible movement

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23
Q

lack symmetry and tissues

A

parazoa

24
Q

have symmetry and tissues

A

eumetazoa

25
Q

have two germ layers

A

diploblastic

26
Q

have three germ layers

A

triploblastic

27
Q

how are triploblastic animals divided today?

A

genetics

28
Q

the animal kingdom is

A

monophyletic

29
Q

two theories of where protists came from

A

multinucleate hypothesis, colonial flagellate hypothesis

30
Q

which theory of where protists came from is supported by molecular systematics today

A

colonial flagellate hypothesis

31
Q

enormous expansion of animal diversity in the Cambrian period

A

cambrian explosion

32
Q

how did the cambrian explosion occur

A

the Hox developmental gene complex evolved

33
Q

Fungi spores are always blank, no matter what

A

Haploid

34
Q

Collemchyma, parenchyma, and sclerenchyma are all blank tissue

A

Ground

35
Q

Leaves do not have blank

A

Pericycle

36
Q

Phloem consists of blank

A

Sieve tube members

37
Q

Blank causes seed germination

A

Gibberellic acid

38
Q

What regulates direction of cell expansion in plants?

A

Direction of cellulose reinforcement

39
Q

Phloem has cells separated by blank

A

Sieve plates

40
Q

Root pressure can result in blank

A

Guttation

41
Q

Root pressure is independent or dependent on transpiration

A

Independent

42
Q

These promote lateral bud growth in branches

A

Cytokinins

43
Q

Plants tolerate supercooling by increasing blank in blank

A

Saturated lipids in plasma membranes

44
Q

Parazoans first separated from blank

A

Eumetazoans

45
Q

larval sponges are different from adult sponges because they are

A

free-swimming

46
Q

the inner layer of porifera contains blank

A

choanocytes which are also called collar cells

47
Q

central layer of porifera which are gelatinous and are called blank

A

mesohyl

48
Q

sponges digestion is known as blank

A

intracellular

49
Q

type of digestion where each cell eats on its own

A

intracellular

50
Q

where waste exits from the spong

A

osculum

51
Q

Asexual reproduction of a sponge is called blank

A

fragmentation

52
Q

larval sponges are produced by blank reproduction and use blank for swimming

A

sexual, cilia

53
Q

have radial symmetry and two germ layers… examples are cnidaria and ctenophora

A

diploblasts

54
Q

The layers of a diploblast are called

A

epidermis, gastrodermis, and in between is the mesoglea

55
Q

the mesoglea is blank

A

noncellular

AP/College Biology - 250 (2 decks)

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