Deck 1 Flashcards
Which of the following is a sign of an inadequate airway? A. Regular chest movements B. Equal expansion of both sides of the chest when patient inhales C. Typical skin coloration D. Nasal flaring
D
When inserting an oropharyngeal airway, how many degrees do you need to rotate the airway so the tip is pointing down into the patient's pharynx? A. 180 B. 45 C. 90 D. 270
A
You are ventilating a cardiac arrest patient when he begins to vomit copious amounts of large pieces of undigested food. Which of the following would be most effective in clearing the airway?
A.
Using large bore suction tubing without a tip or catheter attached
B.
Irrigating the mouth with sterile water to dilute the material before suctioning
C.
Using a rigid pharyngeal suction tip
D.
Using a 14 French suction catheter
A
Your patient is breathing 4 shallow breaths per minute due to overdosing on his pain medication but he has a palpable radial pulse. He vomited prior to your arrival and is choking. You should:
A.
insert an oropharyngeal airway and ventilate.
B.
roll him over onto his side to clear the airway.
C.
move the patient to the ambulance and suction.
D.
perform chest thrusts to clear the lungs.
B
Which of the following patients should NOT have their airway opened using a head-tilt, chin-lift maneuver?
A.
A homeless person of undetermined age found lying unresponsive in an alley with no bystanders.
B.
A 50-year-old woman who choked on a piece of food while dining in a restaurant and was lowered to the floor by a waiter.
C.
A 35-year-old diabetic woman who is in the driver’s seat of the car in her driveway, who becomes unresponsive while speaking to her husband.
D.
A 25-year-old man who is still unresponsive after a grand mal seizure.
A
The jaw-thrust maneuver is the only \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ airway procedure for an unconscious patient with possible head, neck, or spine injury or unknown mechanism of injury. A. forbidden B. recommended C. required D. prohibited
B
Which of the following structures is found in the lower airway? A. Bronchi B. Tonsils C. Pharynx D. Uvula
A
Which of the following is an advantage of using a nasopharyngeal airway (NPA)?
A.
It is ideal for patients with a suspected skull fracture.
B.
It eliminates the need for manual positioning of the patient’s head to keep the airway open.
C.
It may be tolerated by many patients with a gag reflex.
D.
All of the above
C
Perhaps the simplest way to determine if a patient has a patent airway is to: A. check for adequate chest rise. B. say "hello." C. auscultate for breath sounds. D. determine a respiratory rate.
B
You have performed a head tilt-chin lift maneuver on a 17-month-old boy and are attempting to ventilate him with a bag-valve mask. You are experiencing a lot of resistance with each breath and the chest is barely rising. Prior to attempting ventilations again, you should: A. perform chest thrusts. B. ease the head forward a little. C. tilt the head back further. D. finger sweep the airway.
A
The high-pitched sound caused by an upper airway obstruction is known as: A. rales. B. rhonchi. C. gurgling. D. stridor.
D
Which of the following is true concerning the procedure for inserting a nasopharyngeal airway (NPA)?
A.
The length of the device is not as important as it is with oropharyngeal airways.
B.
The bevel should be turned toward the nasal septum.
C.
If a water-soluble lubricant is not available, a silicon spray can be substituted.
D.
It can only be placed in the right nostril.
B
Which of the following should be kept in mind when assessing and managing the airway of a pediatric patient?
A.
Due to their short necks, pediatric patients require a greater degree of hyperextension to open the airway than do adults.
B.
The trachea is easily obstructed by swelling.
C.
The tongue is not as likely to obstruct the airway as in an adult.
D.
Gastric distention is unlikely.
B
When suctioning the airway, suction should never be applied for longer than \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ seconds. A. 45 B. 60 C. 10 D. 30
C
All of the following can result in upper airway obstructions, except: A. infections. B. burns. C. severe bronchoconstriction. D. facial trauma.
C
What is the sound of the soft tissue of the upper airway creating impedance or partial obstruction to the flow of air? A. Stridor B. Gurgling C. Hoarseness D. Snoring
D
Which of the following is a disadvantage of oropharyngeal airways (OPAs)?
A.
They cannot be used in a patient with a gag reflex.
B.
They require the use of a water-soluble lubricant.
C.
They cannot be used in patients with a suspected skull fracture.
D.
They do not come in pediatric sizes.
A
On which of the following types of calls should you bring your portable suction unit to the patient's side upon arrival on the scene? A. Cardiac arrest B. Seizure C. Motor vehicle collision D. All of the above
D
You are ventilating an 85-year-old male without difficulty. A nurse tells you that the patient has dentures. To ensure a good mask seal, you should: A. use an infant mask over the nose. B. remove the dentures. C. leave the dentures in place. D. tape the dentures in place.
C
Which of the following is the correct method of suctioning?
A.
Suction continuously, both while inserting and withdrawing the suction tip or catheter.
B.
Insert the catheter or tip to the desired depth prior to applying suction.
C.
Begin suctioning as you insert the suction tip or catheter into the mouth.
D.
Suction intermittently, both while inserting and withdrawing the suction tip or catheter.
B
To be effective, a suction unit must be able to generate air flow of \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ liters per minute and create a vacuum of \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ mmHg. A. 30; 30 B. 30; 300 C. 300; 30 D. 300; 330
B
The trachea branches off at the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ and forms two mainstem bronchi. A. pleura B. alveoli C. bronchioles D. carina
D
What is the danger that an altered mental status can pose to a patient's breathing? A. Depressed alveolar function B. Loss of muscle tone and airway collapse C. Bronchospasms D. Hyperoxia
B
A complex structure formed by many independent cartilaginous structures that all work together; where the upper airway ends and the lower airway begins; also called the voice box.
larynx
Mechanical maintenance of pressure in the airway at the end of expiration to increase the volume of gas remaining in the lungs.
positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP)
The amount of air (in milliliters) that is moved in or out of the lungs during one breath.
tidal volume
The amount of gas in air or dissolved in fluid, such as blood.
Partial pressure
____ respirations have an irregular or unidentifiable pattern and may follow serious head injuries.
Ataxic
____ respirations are deep, gasping respirations associated with metabolic or toxic disorders.
Kussmaul
Plastic, rigid pharyngeal suction tips, are called tonsil tips or ____ tips
Yankauer
Remember this rule: If you hear ____, the patient needs suctioning!
gurgling
The direct carry is used to transfer a patient:
from a bed to the ambulance stretcher
Prior to applying medical restraints to a combative patient, you should:
evaluate the patient for potentially correctible cause of combativeness, such as head injury, hypoxia, or hypoglycemia
What is the MOST appropriate method to use when moving a patient from his or her bed to the wheeled stretcher?
draw sheet method
The extremity lift would NOT be appropriate to use on a patient:
with a deformed humerus
Which of the following conditions or situations presents the MOST unique challenge to the EMT when immobilizing an elderly patient on a long backboard?
abnormal spinal curvature
To avoid injury when pushing a patient or other object, you should
avoid pushing the patient with your elbows fully extended.
Which of the following is the MOST appropriate device to use when immobilizing a patient with a suspected spinal injury?
long backboard
When a person is standing upright, the weight of anything being lifted and carried in the hands is FIRST reflected onto the:
shoulder girdle
In which of the following situations would a direct ground lift be the MOST appropriate method of moving a patient?
a conscious patient complaining of abdominal pain
When pulling a patient, you should do all of the following except:
a. extend your arms no more than about 15”-20”
b. reposition your feet so that the force of pull will be balanced equally
c. when you can pull no farther, lean forward another 15”-20”
d. pull the patient by slowly flexing your arms
C
You have been called to the scene of a high-speed motor vehicle collision involving two compact cars. The first vehicle was a roll-over, ejecting the driver. The second vehicle contained both a driver and a front-seat passenger who cannot be reached because the door is up against a building. You’ll likely use the ________ to transfer the patient from your stretcher to the hospital bed.
a. diamond carry
b. scoop stretcher
c. portable stretcher
d. draw sheet method
D
True or False: An isolette is used to transport neonatal patients.
True
True or False: Pneumatic stretchers were developed to increase patient comfort on the road.
False
