Deck 1

Question 1

What is the definition of Soil?

Answer 1

• The unconsolidated mineral or organic material on the immediate surface of the Earth that serves as a natural medium for the growth of land plants.

Question 2

What is the composition of soil?

Answer 2

Solids - Minerals and Organic Matter

Liquids

Gases

Question 3

What are the 3 minerals found in soil?

Answer 3

Sand

SIlt

Clay

Question 4

For a soil particle to be considered Sand, SIlt and Clay…what sizes must they be?

Answer 4

Sand - .05 - 2mm

Silt - .002 - .05mm

Clay - < .002mm

Question 5

Sand has High or Low chemical reactivity?

Answer 5

Low

Question 6

What is the most chemically reactive soil type?

Answer 6

Clay

Question 7

What is the difference between thatch and mat?

Answer 7

– Thatch: organic matter on the soil surface with no mineral components.

– Mat: Thatch that contains a mineral component

(ie sand topdressing or soil from mixing)

Question 8

Define Pore Space…

Answer 8

• The voids within the physical matrix of the soil that plays essential functions in water retention, movement, gas exchange, and channels for root growth.

Question 9

Name all of the Macronutrients that are essential elements for plant growth:

Answer 9

• Nitrogen (N)
• Phosphorous (P)
• Potassium (K)
• Sulfur (S)
• Calcium (Ca)
• Magnesium (Mg)

Question 10

What is Black Layer and what causes it?

Answer 10

Physical condition in which a layer of the rootzone in a sand based system turns black due to anerobic conditions that exist. (Water gets caught up in certain areas)

______

• Changing topdressing sands
• Poor Drainage

Question 11

What are the three most important management practices that we have control over?

Answer 11

• Irrigation
• Fertilization
• Mowing

Question 12

Define Sufficient:

Answer 12

The nutrient concentration range in which added nutrient will not increase yield but can increase nutrient concentration.

Question 13

Define Deficient:

Answer 13

when the concentration of an essential nutrient is low enough to severely limit yield or deficiency symptoms are visible

Question 14

Define Excessive or Toxic :

Answer 14

when the concentration of essential or other elements is high enough to reduce plant growth.

Question 16

Name all of the Micronutrients that are essential for plant growth:

Answer 16

• Iron (Fe)
• Zinc (Zn)
• Manganese (Mn)
• Copper (Cu)
• Boron (B)
• Chlorine (Cl)
• Molybdenum (Mo)

Question 17

Name the 3 essential elements that are most abundant in plants:

Answer 17

Oxygen

Carbon

Hydrogen

Question 18

Name all 16 Essential Elemnts for Plant Growth:

Answer 18

• Oxygen
• Hydrogen
• Carbon
• Nitrogen (N)
• Phosphorous (P)
• Potassium (K)
• Sulfur (S)
• Calcium (Ca)
• Magnesium (Mg)
• Iron (Fe)
• Zinc (Zn)
• Manganese (Mn)
• Copper (Cu)
• Boron (B)
• Chlorine (Cl)
• Molybdenum (Mo