Deck 1 Flashcards
how are enzymes made
Enzymes are proteins, and so are made up of amino acids. This long chain amino acids is folded to produce a unique 3D structure.
What is meant by active site and substrate
The active site is specific to the substrate and each enzyme only works with one substrate
How is the shape of an enzyme important
Because each enzyme needs to be in a specific shape so that it can bind to the substrate to form a product
what do enzymes do
They act as catalysts, which means that they make biochemical reactions happen faster than they would otherwise. Without enzymes, those reactions simply would not occur or would run too slowly to sustain life.
Where are your enzymes found in a living organism
Your stomach, pancreas and small intestine
The enzyme’s active site and substrate are complimentary to each other, what is this known as
Lock and key hypothesis
Enzymes contain different amino acids which
Fold to give a different 3d shape
When the substrate and active site bind what does it form
It forms an enzyme substrate complex known as products that are then released
Why can enzymes be used multiple times
They remain unchanged by reactions
What are the types of reactions
The degradation reaction which the substrate is broken down to form the product and the synthesis reaction where the substrate is built to form a product
Enzymes speed up the reactions in the cell
True
Are enzymes proteins or catalysts
Proteins
The rate of enzyme reactions depends on 5 factors what are these
Tempature, PH, enzyme concentration, substrate concentration and surface area
What is the optimum
The best PH levels and tempatures wich are specific to each enzyme
What happens when the PH levels and tempatures changes sufficiently over the enzymes optimum
It means the enzymes reaction site will be changed and will no longer work. When this happens the enzyme is DENATURED
What are enzymes made of
Amino acids
What is an amylase
An important digestive enzyme found in saliva maand begins the process of breaking down food. It is a degradation enzyme which is specific to breaking down starch (the substrate) which is a large molecule that must be broken down into maltose (the product) to be absorbed by the small intestine
