Decision Making in Clinical Medicine

Question 1

Used to describe the integration of the best available research evidence with clinical judgment and experience in the care of patients

Answer 1

Evidence-Based Medicine

Question 2

Judgments from which all other aspects of clinical medicine flow

Answer 2

Clinical Reasoning

Question 3

Way to organize the complex unstructured material that is collected in the clinical evaluation

Answer 3

Use of cognitive shortcuts

Question 4

Makes us of Px history in searching for diagnosis for which the patient appears to be a representative

Answer 4

Representativeness Heuristics

Question 5

Failure to consider the underlyin prevalence of 2 competing diagnoses

Answer 5

Error encountered in Representativeness Heuristics

Question 6

Recalling of cases

Answer 6

Availability Heuristics

Question 7

Rare catastrophes and more recent experiances are more likely to be recalled

Answer 7

Recall bias

Question 8

Involves estimating a probability by starting from a familiar point and adjusting to the new case from there

Answer 8

Anchoring Heuristics

Question 9

Very accurate, greater precision and specificity

Answer 9

Anchoring Heuristics

Question 10

Often used incorrectly

Answer 10

Anchoring Heuristics

Question 11

To consolidate the info and indicate appropriate management steps or diagnostic steps to follow

Answer 11

Use of Diagnostic Hypotheses

Question 12

Decision-making is affected by the physician’s perception about the risk of malpractice suit

Answer 12

Defensive Medicine

Question 13

Gold standard in Diagnostic testing

Answer 13

Accuracy

Question 14

Proportion of patients with disease who have a positive test

Answer 14

Sensitivity (True-Positive Rate)

Question 15

Proportion of patients without disease who have a negative test

Answer 15

Specificity (True-Negative Rate)

Question 16

Proportion of patients without disease who have a positive test

Answer 16

False-Positive Rate