December Flashcards
This African American inventor had as many as sixty patents in his name. Many of his inventions were related to electrical systems and train transportation. His inventions would be sold to industries like General Electric, Westinghouse, and the American Bell Telephone. He turned down a job from Thomas Edison and was named one of, if not ”the greatest electrician in the world.” Name this inventor
Granville T. Woods
This prominent journalist, activist, and researcher was a skilled writer during the late 19th and early 20th century. As a writer, she wrote about the conditions of African Americans throughout the South. She later became a part-owner and editor of the Memphis Free Speech and Headlight. She was one of the founders of the National Association of Colored Women’s Club, which was created to address issues dealing with civil rights and women’s suffrage. Name this journalist, activist, and writer
Ida B. Wells-Barnett
This individual was an American poet, novelist, and short-story writer. Born in Ohio in 1872, he served as the editor of his school’s newspaper, president of the literary society, and a member of the school’s debate team. In 1893, his first collection of poetry, Oak and Ivy, was published. After several other publications, this poet became famous around the globe. Name this poet:
Paul Laurence Dunbar
This United States Supreme Court case upheld segregation laws in the country by deciding that the “separate but equal” doctrine should be followed in cases pertaining to race. Separate but equal meant that there should be separate facilities for two races but not equal access to the same facility. This case upheld the terrible Jim Crow laws of the south. Name this case
Plessy v. Ferguson
In 1895, this educator, author, and social activist became the first African American awarded a Ph.D. degree from Harvard University. He later became a professor of economics and history at Atlanta University and became one of the most prolific writers of the time. His most important works, The Souls of Black Folk, was published in 1903. He served as one of the founders of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) and the first editor of the Crisis. The Crisis was a magazine of the NAACP. Name this person:
W.E.B. Du Bois
This African American, Civil Rights activist became one of the most notable women of her generation. After earning a bachelor’s and master’s degree from Oberlin College in Ohio, she moved to Washington D.C. to serve as a teacher. She would become the first Black women to be appointed to the Board of Education in the city. She was a champion of racial equality and women’s suffrage. In 1896, she became one of the organizing founders of the National Association of Colored Women (NACW) and the association’s first president. Her words, “Lifting as we Climb” became the motto of the NACW and is still used today. Name her.
Mary Church Terrell
his inventor and scientist was one of the first soil scientists to support crop rotation and developed hundreds of household uses of peanuts, sweet potatoes, and other products. He was so successful in his work that farmers from around the world visited him and adopted many of his ideas. Name this inventor and scientist.
George Washington Carver
In 1903, this individual became the first Black woman to head a bank. She oversaw the St. Luke Bank and Trust Company in Richmond, Virginia. The Bank would go on to help many African Americans get an education, secure housing, and gain economic independence. Name her.
Maggie Lena Walker
Written by Rosamond Johnson and his brother, James Weldon Johnson, this song is often called the “Black National Anthem” and was written in 1901. Name this song
Lift Every Voice and Sing
Born in 1875, this person became one of the most influential Black educators, civil and women’s rights leaders, and government officials of the 20th century. She founded a college and served as an advisor to several Presidents. She was a champion of racial and gender quality and led voter registration drives after women gained the vote in 1920. Name this educator and civil rights leader
Mary McLeod Bethune
This entrepreneur and activist rose from poverty in the South to become one of the wealthiest African American women of her time. She created a manufacturing company for hair products that would eventually employ thousands of workers. She would become a millionaire by the time of her death. She actively advocated for the advancement of Black Americans and an end to lynching. Name this entrepreneur
Madame C.J. Walker
This individual was a scholar whose dedication to celebrating the historical contributions of Black people led to the establishment of Black History Month, marked every February since 1976. He founded the Association for the Study of Negro Life and Culture in 1915 and later began publishing history journals. He believed that Black people should be proud of their heritage and all Americans should understand the largely overlooked achievements of Black Americans. Name this educator.
Carter G. Woodson
This person was the first African American writer to have a long-running Broadway hit. In addition to being a playwright, this individual was an accomplished writer and poet. He wrote and published two volumes of poetry, more than 60 short stories, and several other pieces. His novels Not Without Laughter and One Way Ticket are some of his most famous works. Name this writer and poet.
Langston Hughes
This athlete was regarded as one of, if not the greatest, track and field athlete of all time. Earning four gold medals in the Berlin 1936 Olympics. He became the first Olympian ever to win four gold medals. He was later awarded the Medal of Freedom. Name this Olympian
Jesse Owens
This African American musician formed his own band at the age of 17. He would go on to be a prolific musician and actor and was featured in more than a dozen movies. He had several music hit songs like “Sweet Lorraine,” “Mona Lisa,” and “Those Lazy, Hazy, Crazy Days of Summer.” In 1965 he received a Lifetime Achievement Grammy for his work. Name this person.
Nat “King” Cole
This group of Black soldiers served in the U.S. Army Air Force. They completed more than 1,500 missions during the Second World War and destroyed more than 400 enemy aircraft. Name this prolific group of pilots:
Tuskegee Airmen
This individual was one of the most widely praised and known artists of the 20th century. He created painting series that featured Frederick Douglass, Harriet Tubman, life in Harlem, and the civil rights movements of the 1960s. He was one of the first nationally recognized African American artists. His work is still displayed in several National Smithsonian Museums. Name this artist:
Jacob Lawrence
This choreographer, educator, author, and activist was a pioneer in restoring the African and Caribbean heritage to dance in America. She was featured as “Georgia Brown” in Cabin in the Sky. With her inclusion of dances that reflected Black culture, she became known as “The Queen Mother of African American Dance.” Name her
Katherine Dunham
To protest racial inequality, CORE (Congress of Racial Equality), was a non-violent action group that would eventually provide advice and support to Martin Luther King during the Montgomery bus boycott. Founded in Chicago, this group used this tactic first in 1947 to protest against discrimination in Chicago restaurants. What was the tactic they used
sit-ins
On April 10, 1947, this athlete broke the color barrier in professional baseball as he took the field for the Brooklyn Dodgers. An exceptional athlete in several sports, he became the first Black person to play in modern major league baseball. He would later go on to the baseball hall of fame, and his number was retired by all of baseball. Name this player.
Jackie Robinson
This author became one o the most prolific and important writers in history. His novels present aspects of his life as an African American and the psychological effects of racism on him. Some of his novels include The Fire Next Time, Go Tell it on the Mountain, Nobody Knows My Name, Notes of a Native Son, and Giovanni’s Room. Name this author
James Baldwin
On May 17, 1954, an important U.S. Supreme Court decision declared “racial segregation in public schools is unconstitutional.” The decision reversed the Plessy v. Ferguson ruling and declared the notion of separate but equal inherently unequal. Name the lawyer who argued this key Supreme Court Case Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka Kansas in the Supreme Court
Thurgood Marshall
This minister started his civil rights activists in Montgomery, Alabama but grew to be one of the faces of the civil rights movement. He served as a minister at Dexter Avenue Baptist Church in Montgomery. He was elected president of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference and delivered his “I Have a Dream” speech on the steps of the Lincoln Memorial in front of 250,000 people. At 35, he was the youngest man to have received the Nobel Peace Prize. Name him
Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.
On December 1, 1955, this woman boarded a bus in Montgomery, Alabama. Instead of going to the back of the bus, which was designated for African Americans, she sat in the front. She refused to move for a white passenger and was arrested. She was an established organizer and leader in the Civil Rights Movement in Alabama. Her refusal led to the Montgomery Bus Boycott and is known as one of the most important moments of the Civil Rights Movement. Name this civil rights leader.
Rosa Parks
