Deb's Police Admin Notes Flashcards
In 1829 parliament passed the Metropolitan Police act with the strong support of ________ creating a full-time police Agency for London.
Sir Robert Peel
In 1833 who became the first city in this country to have a paid full-time police force?
Philadelphia
In 1844 what city created the first unified day-night police force?
New York City
There were already free African Americans in the west that number was increased after 1865 due to what four reasons?
- Assistance from the federal Freedmen’s Bureau
- Flight from the South’s new sharecropper system that effectively re-enslaved the recently emancipated
- Laws enacted to keep Negroes segregated and Powerless
- The brutality of the Klu Klux Klan KKK.
What Calvary was historically comprised of African Americans with an excellent reputation as Fighters?
The 10th Cavalry
The process of acquiring and maintaining control over a government, including its policies, Administration, and operations.
Politics
What was often a tightly controlled political party headed by a boss or small autocratic group whose purpose was to repeatedly win elections for personal gain often to graft and Corruption.
Political machine or machine politics
The use of government Resources by politicians to reward loyal rotors is called _____ or _q______ _______.
Patronage or spoils system
The _______ ______ was established mandating that federal employees pass a competitive examination and be appointed on the basis of merit
Pendleton Act
Change came in the form of the _____ _______ which had two immediate needs.
- Arousing the public from its apathy.
- Creating a conceptual cornerstone or model for improvement.
Reformation Period
Who is the father of modern law enforcement?
August “Gus” Vollmer
What movement had ministers use their pulpits to denounce drinking, claiming that those who imbided excessively were sinners who had lost their way with God.
Temperance movement
Prohibition was ratified as the eighteenth amendment to the Constitution that same year Congress pass the National Prohibition Act more commonly known as the ______ _______.
Volstead Act
CALEA is a independent accrediting body for law enforcement.
Commission on Accreditation of Law Enforcement Agencies
______ district received no regular patrols; officers who responded to calls entered and left the district by the shortest routes.
Reactive
________ districts were saturated with two or three times the normal amount of patrolling.
Proactive
________ districts were saturated with two or three times the normal amount of patrolling.
Proactive
______ district maintain regular or normal patrolling.
Control
Custom tailored police services and solutions to problems, as well as a renewed focus on crime prevention rather than crime detection.
Community Oriented Policing (COP)
Focuses on targeting police responses to less serious areas. Therefore requiring non-discriminatory enforcement of all crimes.
Zero Tolerance Policing (ZTP)
Is based on data analysis of a constellation of sources including intelligence, agency records and scientific research.
Evidence-based Policing (EBP)
Larry Sherman pioneered the notation of ___- ____ _____ by analyzing crime data. He concluded that a relatively few places or addresses in a city produce roughly half of all crimes.
Hot-spot Policing
The first mass murder on an American University campus occurred where?
University of Texas in 1966
This strategy was designed to move from a traditional, reactive, incident-driven agency to a more proactive and community -oriented department.
Chicago Alternative Policing Strategy (CAPS)
Wilson and Kelling argued that crimes seem to increase dramatically in neighborhoods where visible signs of social decay and disorder were present.
“Broken windows”
What are the three complementary elements of community policing (COP)?
- Community Partnership
- Problem solving using the SARA model
- Organizational transformation
Name the components in the problem-solving phase of community policing.
Scanning
Analysis
Response
Assessment
What are the key components of comstat?
- Accurate and timely intelligence
- Rapid deployment of resources
- Effective tactics and strategies that focus on visible Street crimes or quality of life crimes.
- Relentless follow-up and assessment.
The Newport News Police Department developed an approach to policing known as?
Problem-oriented policing or POP
Officers are encouraged to group individual, related incidents as problems and Define these problems in a more precise and useful terms.
Scanning
Collect information from a variety of public and private sources not just traditional police data.
Analysis
The knowledge gained in the analysis stage is then used to develop and Implement Solutions.
Response
Officers evaluate the impact and effectiveness of their responses. Were the original problems actually solved or alleviate it?
Assessment
The Minneapolis, Comstat program was referred to as
____ ______ _______- _____
__ ______. It combined the latest technology in computer applications and geographical mapping with field proven police techniques.
Computer Optimized Deployment Focused on Results.
CODEFOR
According to Sherman ______-_____ ______ is the use of best available research on the outcomes of police work to implement guidelines and evaluate agencies, units, and officers.
Evidence-Based Policing
In Shermans Triple-T strategy name the three components.
- Targeting
- Testing
- Tracking
Involves assessing relative levels of harm in allocating police resources based on this measure.
Targeting
Looks at examining research for evidence of success or failure to determine how the strategy is working.
Testing
Is an effort to continually check performance and implementations.
Tracking
Sherman (Hot-spots Policing) found that only a few locations were responsible for a majority of police calls for service and reported crimes particularly predatory crimes such as:
Muggings, vehicle thefts, burglary, robbery and rape.
Is a business model for policing.
Intelligence-led policing
Uses information and analytical tools to achieve the goal of crime prevention.
Predictive policing
Is the process of identifying patterns and relationships between crime data and other relevant data sources to prioritize and Target police activity.
Crime analysis
- A tabular or graphic display *Cluster in specific locations Focus is on recent criminal incidences.
Tactical crime analysis or crime specific analysis
The study of social problems in a specific area in an effort to determine long-term patterns
Strategic crime analysis
A graphic portrayal of associations and relationships among people organizations events activities and locations. This is a tool to reveal hidden connections among criminals.
Link analysis
Charting that depicts key events of criminal activity in chronological order.
Visual investigative analysis
Computerized case management in which large amounts of data are compiled and indexed.
Case analysis and Management Systems (CAMS)
Networks of offenders often associated with organized crime, gangs, drug traffickers, prostitution rings and terrorist organizations.
Intelligence analysis
Name two geographic information systems (GSI)
- statistical spatial analysis
(between points in a particular area) - spatial modeling
(concerned with the technology and application of data)
What is one of the most important technological advantages of the information age? ( speed and efficiency combined with global reach)
The internet
What is the most common use of social media in law enforcement?
Investigative purposes
What are the most frequently used social media platforms?
Facebook, Twitter and YouTube
President’s task force on 21st century policing make it clear that ______ _____ ______ should be the priority both to increase police legitimacy, tackle systemic quality-of-life issues and reinvigorate community and police dialogue.
Engaging with youth
What is the most common use of social media in law enforcement?
Investigative purposes
What are the most frequently used social media platforms?
Facebook, Twitter and YouTube
The President’s Task Force on 21st century policing makes it clear that engaging with _______ should be a priority both to increase police legitimacy, tackle systemic quality of life issues, and to reinvigorate Community Police dialogue.
Youth
Data and information that have been evaluated, analyzed and produced with careful conclusions and recommendations.
Intelligence
The _______ ______ is the process of developing unrefined data into polish intelligence for use of policymakers.
Intelligence Cycle
What are 6 steps of the intelligence cycle.
RPC-PAD
- Requirements
- Planning and Direction
- Collection
- Processing and Exploitation
- Analysis and Production
- Dissemination