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MSK > DDx List > Flashcards

DDx List Flashcards

1
Q

What are congenital causes for osteoporosis?

A 
OI
Turner's syndrome
Homocystinuria
Neuromuscular diseases
Mucopolysaccharidoses
Pseudohypoparathyroidism
Pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism
Glycogen storage diseases
Progeria
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2
Q

What are endocrine/met causes for osteoporosis?

A 
Cushing's syndrome
Diabetes mellitus
Acromegaly
Addison's disease
Hyperthyroidism
Hyperparathyroidism
Mastocytosis
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3
Q

What are endocrine/met causes for diffuse increased sclerosis?

A
  • Fluorosis
  • Hypoparathyroidism
  • Renal osteodystrophy
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4
Q

What is the DDx of bilateral periosteal reactions in adults?

A 
HOA
Pachydermoperiostosis
Vascular insufficiency
Thyroid acropachy
Fluorosis
DISH
Hypervitaminosis A
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5
Q

Excessive callus formation ddx?

A 
Steroid therapy/Cushing's syndrome
Neuropathic arthropathy
OI
Non-accidental injury
Paralytic states
Renal osteodystrophy
Multiple myeloma
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6
Q

Focal rib lesions ddx?

A 
Multiple myeloma/plasmacytoma
FD
Enchondroma
Osteochondroma
LCH
Paget's disease
Brown tumor of HPT
Healed rib fx
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7
Q

Superior rib notching ddx?

A 
RA
SLE
Scleroderma
NF
HPT
Marfan
OI
Progeria
Poliomyelitis
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8
Q

Wide or thick ribs ddx?

A 
Chronic anemias
FD
Paget's disease
Healed fx with callus
Achondroplasia
Mucopolysaccharidoses
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9
Q

Bilateral Madelund deformity ddx?

A 
RED HOT:
Radial ray anomalies
Ellis-van Creveld Syndrome
Dyschondrosteosis (Leri-Weil disease)
HME
Ollier's
Thalidomide
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10
Q

Arachnodactyly ddx?

A

Marfan’s syndrome

Homocystinuria

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11
Q

Resportion of distal tuft (and mid-portion) ddx?

A 
Scleroderma
Raynaud's disesae
Psoriatic arthropathy
Neuropathic diseases
Thermal injuries
Trauma
HPT
Snake & scorpion venom

Mid-portion:

  • PVC
  • HPT
  • Hajdu-Cheney

OR PINCHFO:
P - PVC/Psoriatic arthritis/Pyknodysostosis/Progeria
I - Injury (thermal & frostbite)
N - Neuropathy (diabetes & leprosy)
C - Collagen vascular disease (scleroderma etc.)
H - HPT
F - Familial
O - Other (Lesch-Nyhan, Reiter’s, snake venom)

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12
Q

Photopenic areas on bone scans ddx?

A 
Artefacts
Avascular lesions
MM
Mets (sometimes)
Leukemia
Hemangioms of spine (only slight uptake)
Radiotheraphy fields
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13
Q

What is H-vertebrae ddx?

A 
STOC G:
Sickle cell anemia
Thalassemia
Osteoporosis
Congenital hereditary spherocytosis
Gaucher's disease
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14
Q

Dense metaphyseal bands ddx?

A 
Heavy metal
Cretinism
Congenital syphilis
Scurvy
Rickets, healed
Chronic anemia (SCA, thalassemia)
Normal variant
OR -- DENSE LINES:
D - D vitamin intoxication
E - elemental arsenic & heavy metal poisoning
N - normal variant
S - scurvy, syphilis, sickle cell anemia
E - early hypothyroidism (cretinism)
L - leukemia
I - infection, congenital (TORCH)
N - never forget healing rickets
E - estrogen to mother during pregnancy
S - systemic illness
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15
Q

Lucent metaphyseal bands ddx?

A

LINING:

  • Leukemia
  • Illness, systemic (rickets, scurvy)
  • Normal variant
  • Infection, transplacental (congenital syphilis)
  • Neuroblastoma metastasis
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16
Q

Protrusio acetabulai ddx?

A 
MY PROTRUSIO:
My - Marfan
P - Paget's
R - RA
O - OI
T - trauma
R - rickets
U - unknown (idiopathic)
S - (p)soriatic arthrtis
I - inflammatory arthritis (AS); infection
O - osteomalacia
17
Q

Cranium hyperostosis ddx?

A 
Paget's
Hyperostosis frontalis interna
FD
SCA
Thalassemia
Blastic mets
18
Q

Focal gigantism ddx?

A 
NF
Arteriovenous malformation
Klippel-Trenauny syndrome
Beckwith-Wiedmann syndrome
Macrodystrophia lipomatosis
19
Q

Bullet-shaped/sail vertebrae ddx?

A

Achondroplasia
Morquio’s
Hurler
Hypothyroidism

20
Q

Proliferative changes @ ligamentous & tendinous insertions ddx?

A 
DISH
Fluorosis
Hypoparathyroidism, Pseudo, Pseudopseudo
Plasma cell dyscrasias
X-linked phyophosphatemic osteomalacia
21
Q

Periarticular calcification ddx?

A 
Collagen vascular disease
HPT
Renal osteodystrophy
Hypervitaminosis D
Idiopathic tumoral calcinosis
22
Q

Tibiotalar slant ddx?

A 
Trevor's disease
Sickle cell anemia
JCA
Hemophilia
Achondroplasia
Multiple epiphyseal dysplasia
23
Q

Fatal dwarfisms ddx?

A

Homozygous achondroplasia
Achondrogenesis
Fibrochondrogenesis

24
Q

Epiphyseal stippling ddx?

A 
Chondrodysplasia punctata
Fetal alcohol syndrome
Prenatal rubella infection
Pregnant women on coumadin, warfarin
CHILD syndrome
Zellweger's syndrome
25
Q

Bell-shaped thorax ddx?

A 
Chondroepiphyseal dysplasia
Cleiodocranial dysplasia
Jeune (Asphyxiating...)
Chondroectodermal dysplasia
Down's syndrome
26
Q

Celery stalk appearance ddx?

A
  • Congenital infections (eg. TORCH)

- osteopathia striata

27
Q

Erlenmeyer flask deformity ddx?

A 
Osteopetrosis
Thalassemia 
Sickle Cell anemia
Gauchers
Neiman Pick
Pyle's dysplasia
Lead poisoning
Normal variant
Pyknodysostosis??

MSK (5 decks)

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