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Z IC3 Long case > DDx Investigations Tx block 1 > Flashcards

DDx Investigations Tx block 1 Flashcards

1
Q

breast lump DDx <30

A 
lumpy breast
cystic change
fibroadenoma
abscess
galactocele
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2
Q

breast lump DDx 30-45

A

benign cystic change
cyst
abscess
ca

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3
Q

breast lump DDx 45-60

A

cyst
abscess
ca

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4
Q

breast lump DDx >60

A

ca

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5
Q

Chest pain DDx

cardiovascular

A

ACS STEMI/NSTEMI/unstable angina
stable angina
myopericarditis
thoracic aortic dissection/aneurysm

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6
Q

Chest pain DDx

non-cardiovascular

A 
MSK inflammation
PE
Pleuritis
oesophagitis
pneumothorax
anxiety
PUD
cholecystitis
acute pancreatitis
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7
Q

Diarrhoea DDx

A 
infective
IBS
Coeliac
Crohns
UC
Meds antibiotics lax PPI
Neoplasms
Diverticular disease
overflow diarrhoea 2nd to constipation
ischaemic colitis
microscopic colitis
bacterial overgrowth
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8
Q

Dysuria and increased frequency DDx

Renal causes

A

pyelonephritis
TB Kidney
Renal cancer

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9
Q

Dysuria and increased frequency DDx

post renal causes

A 
cystitis
urethritis
acute prostatitis
BPH
urolithiasis
local irritants
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10
Q

Flank pain DDx

A 
muscular spasm
nephrolithiasis
spinal pathology
AAA
testicular torsion
pyelonephritis
perforated PUD
renal ca
abscess
basal pneumonia
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11
Q

Groin lump DDx

A 
indirect/direct inguinal hernia
femoral hernia
saphena varix
psoas abscess
lipoma
sebaceous cyst
neuroma
femoral aneurysm
undescended testes
hydrocele of cord
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12
Q

Haematuria pre-renal causes

A 
drugs rifampicin sulf quinine phenytoin anticoag aspirin plavix warfarin
hypercoagulable
idiopathic
sickle cell
schistosomiasis
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13
Q

Haematuria renal causes

A 
nephrolithiasis
PCKD
trauma
renal ca
IgA nephropathy
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14
Q

Haematuria post-renal causes

A 
lower UTI
Nephrolithiasis
trauma
bladder/prostate ca
BPH
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15
Q

Haemoptysis DDx

A 
infective TB bronchitis pneumonia abscess
neoplastic lung ca prim/mets
vascular PE LVF AVM
Inflam Wegeners Goodpasture SLE
traumatic iatrogenic/wounds
bronchiectasis
warfarin/ cocaine use
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16
Q

Joint pain DDx Acute

ARTICULAR

A 
trauma
gout
psudogout
septic arthritis
seroneg spondyloarthropathies
transient synovitis
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17
Q

Joint pain DDx Acute

PERI-ARTICULAR

A 
ligament injury
tenditis
bursitis
fasciitis
epicondylitis
periostitis
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18
Q

Joint pain DDx Acute

NON-ARTICULAR

A 
nerve entrapment
radiculopathy
bone malignancy
vasculopathy
osteomyelitis
neuroma
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19
Q

Joint pain DDx Chronic

MONOJOINT

A

OA
AVN
haemarthrosis
paagets

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20
Q

Joint pain DDx Chronic

POLYJOINT

A 
RA
SLE
viral arthritis
psoaritic arthritis
reactive arthritis
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21
Q

Joint pain DDx Chronic

POLYJOINT

A 
RA
SLE
viral arthritis
psoaritic arthritis
reactive arthritis
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22
Q

LIF pain DDx

A 
acute diverticultis
constipation
IBD
ischaemic colitis
pseudomembranous colitis
leaking AAA
locally perforated sigmoid ca
testicular torsion
ectopic pregnancy
UTI
ureteric colic
pyelonephritis
IBS
DKA
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23
Q

Lateral neck lump DDX

A 
carotid artery aneurysm
neurofibroma
lymph nodes
salivary glands
laryngocele
pharyngeal pouch
brachial arch remnant
skin
muscle cartilage bone
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24
Q

Midline neck lump DDX

Thyroid

A 
goitre
MNG
Graves
hasimotos thyroiditis
thyroglossal cyst
solitary adenoma
carcinoma
subacute thyroiditis
25
Q

Midline neck lump DDX

Non-thyroid

A 
lipoma
dermoid cyst
epidermal
abscess
lymphoma
26
Q

palpitations DDx

A

cardiac arrythmia
valvular regurgitation/ congenital shunts
heart failure
psychosomatic
systemic hyperthyroidism, hypoglycaemia, fever, anaemia, orthostatic hypotension, electrolyte abnormalities
med/recreational drugs

27
Q

Polyuria DDx

A 
DM1 or 2
diuretics meds caffeine alcohol lithium
heart failure
hypercalcaemia
hyperthyroidism
primary polydipsia
hypokalaemia
hyperuricaemia
diabetes insipidus
28
Q

Rectal bleeding DDx

Anorectal

A 
haemorrhoids
rectal tumour
anal tumour
anal fissure
anal fistula
rectal ulcer
radiation proctitis
29
Q

Rectal bleeding DDx

Colonic

A 
diverticular disease
angiodysplasia
colitis inflam/isch/infect
colonic tumour
vasculitis
30
Q

Rectal bleeding DDx

ileo-jejunal

A 
PUD
Meckels diverticulum
angiodysplasia
AVM
Crohns
Coeliac
aorto-enteric fistula
31
Q

Rectal bleeding DDx

Upper GI

A 
PUD
Gastritis
varices
tumour
mallory weiss tear
osler weber rendu syndrome
aorto-enteric fistula
32
Q

Rectal bleeding DDx

Upper GI

A 
PUD
Gastritis
varices
tumour
mallory weiss tear
osler weber rendu syndrome
aorto-enteric fistula
33
Q

RIF pain DDx

A 
appendicitis
gastroenteritis
ureteric colic
inguinal hernia
epidydimitis/ orchitis
mesenteric adenitis
acute pancreatitis
testicular torsion
meckels diverticulum
cholecystitis
pyelonephriis
psoas abscess
SBO
DKA
UTI
34
Q

SOB DDx

sec-mins

A 
bronchospasm
anaphylaxis
laryngeal oedema
PE
pneumothorax
inhaled foreign body
35
Q

SOB DDx

hrs-days

A 
pneumonia
heart failure
pleural effusion
post op atelectasis
chronic PE
altitude sickness
ARDS
36
Q

SOB DDx

wks-months

A 
COPD
chronic asthma
heart failure
pulmonary fibrosis
anaemia
bronchiectasis
obesity
pulmonary hypertension
37
Q

Swollen calf DDx

UNILATERAL

A 
DVT
Cellulitis
ruptured Bakers cyst
torn gastronemius
septic arthritis
allergic response to insect bite
compartment syndrome
38
Q

Swollen calf DDx

BILATERAL

A 
RHF
lymphoedema
venous insufficiency
pregnancy
hypoalbuminaemia
pelvic tumour
fluid overload
39
Q

Tremor DDx

A

essential tremor
resting tremor
physiologic tremor
intention tremor

40
Q

essential tremor

A

appearing/worsening at onset of movement
Wilsons disease
Propanolol Primidon Gabapentin Atenolol

41
Q

resting tremor

A

appearing at rest, disappears with movement
parkinsons
dopamine agonists l dopa amantadin DBS

42
Q

physiologic tremor

A

appearing at static state
anxiety
propanolol

43
Q

intention tremor

A

increasing before reaching target

cerebellar damage

44
Q

Neck lump investigations

A

U/S
FNA
TSH
Serum calcitonin

45
Q

Haemoptysis investigations

A 
O2 sats
FBC
CRP
U+E
Ca, Phosphate, ALP
Liver enzymes
urine test
CXR
46
Q

chest pain investigations

A 
ECG
Troponin
serum cholesterol
FBC
U+E
CRP ESR WCC
Cap glucose
CXR
D-dimers
47
Q

SOB investigations

A 
FBC
Blood cholesterol glucose HbA1c
TFTs
U+Es
CXR
ECG
PEFR
Spirometry
48
Q

breast lump investigations

A

Clinical exam
Radiological exam U/S Mammogram
FNA Core biopsy

49
Q

RIF pain investigations

A 
FBC
CRP ESR
U+Es
amylase lipase
glucose
ALT AST
Urinalysis
Ab xr U/S
CXR
Ab CT
ECG
50
Q

LIF pain investigations

A 
FBC
U+Es
Ab CT
CXR
Ab XR
Transabdominal /transvaginal ultrasound
NOT COLONOSCOPY/BARIUM ENEMA IF ACUTE
51
Q

Flank pain investigations

A 
Urinalysis
Urine MCS
FBC
U+E
Serum CA K urate
CT-KUB
Amylase
ECXR
52
Q

Diarrhoea investigations

A 
FBC
ESR
CRP
TTG IgA
TFT
U+E
Albumin
Cap glucose
FOBT
Faeces microscopy and culture
C diff toxin test
53
Q

Rectal bleeding investigations

A 
FBC
Clotting
group and save
urea
proctoscopy + rigid sigmoidoscopy
Colonoscopy
upper GI endoscopy
Mesenteric angiography
CT angiography
radionucleotide imaging
54
Q

polyuria investigations

A 
cap glucose
urinlysis
fasting plasma glucose
urine osmolality
electrolytes
urea creatinine
serum ca
55
Q

groin lump investigations

A

hernia clinical exam
reduce cover cough = indirect inguinal
elective surgery

56
Q

limb weakness investigations

A 
FBC
Blood glucose
blood clotting
imaging CT head
ECG AF
Carotid doppler U/S
Echo
57
Q

joint pain investigations

A 
arthrocentesis
crystals infection blood WCC
cultures 
FBC PT
RF anti CCP ANA
XR
MRI
58
Q

Swollen calf

A

wells score
doppler u/s
serum d-dimers

FBC Clotting

59
Q

leg ulcer investigations

A 
FBC
Cap glucose
urinalysis
duplex U/S
ABI
Swab MC+S

Z IC3 Long case (2 decks)

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